The document discusses the concept of "The Long Tail" which refers to the statistical distribution where a large number of unique events with low probability of occurrence exist. It notes that while 20% of products account for 80% of sales traditionally, the rise of the internet and digital distribution has allowed even niche products with small audiences to find customers. Specifically, it provides examples showing how digital music stores and search/recommendation tools have enabled 98% of albums to sell at least one track per quarter by connecting audiences to less popular offerings.