Atmosphere is the blanket of air that surrounds the earth and the composition of the Atmosphere is 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen 0.9% argon and 0.1% other gases. Earth has 6 layers of Atmosphere around it to protect us from harmful gases & maintain the suitable temperature for the life on the earth .The layers are Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere , Thermosphere , Exosphere and Ionosphere.

1. Atmosphere and
its compositions
and Structure

2. Atmosphere
• The Atmosphere is the blanket
of air that surrounds the earth.
• The Atmosphere help protect us
from harmful gases and
maintain the suitable temperatur
e necessary for life.

3. Composition of
the Atmosphere
• 78 % nitrogen.
• 21 %oxygen.
• 0.9 %t argon.
• 0.1 % other gases.
• Trace amounts of carbon dioxide,
methane, water vapor, and neon are
some of the other gases that make
up the remaining 0.1 percent.

4. structure of atmosphere

6. Troposphere
• Closest to the surface of Earth, we have
the troposphere. “Tropos” means change. This layer gets its
name from the weather that is constantly changing and mixing
up the gases in this part of our atmosphere.
• The troposphere is between 5 and 9 miles (8 and 14 kilometers)
thick depending on where you are on Earth. It’s thinnest at the
North and South Pole.
• .The air is densest in this lowest layer. In fact, the troposphere
contains three-quarters of the mass of the entire atmosphere. The
air here is 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. The last 1% is made
of argon, water vapor, and carbon dioxide.

7. Stratosphere
• The stratosphere is a layer of Earth’s atmosphere. The stratosphere is
located above the troposphere and below the
mesosphere. Strat” means layer. This layer of our atmosphere has its own
set of layers.
• There are no storms or turbulence here to mix up the air, so cold, heavy
air is at the bottom and warm, light air is at the top. That’s the opposite of
how the layers work in the tropospher.
• This layer is 22 miles (35 kilometers) thick. The stratosphere is where
you’ll find the very important ozone layer. The ozone layer helps protect
us from ultraviolet radiation (UV) from the sun. In fact, the ozone layer
absorbs most of the UV radiation the sun sends to us. Life as we know it
wouldn’t be possible without this layer of protection.

8. Mesosphere
• The mesosphere is a layer of Earth’s atmosphere. The
mesosphere is located above the stratosphere and below
the thermosphere.
• “Meso” means middle, and this is the highest layer of the
atmosphere in which the gases are all mixed up rather
than being layered by their mass.
• The mesosphere is 22 miles (35 kilometers) thick. The air
is still thin, so you wouldn’t be able to breathe up in the
mesosphere. But there is more gas in this layer than there
is out in the thermosphere.

9. Thermosphere
• This layer is found above mesosphere from 80 to
400 km.
• Radio waves that are transmitted from the earth are
reflected by this layer.
• The temperature starts increasing again with
increasing height in this layer.
• Aurora and satellites occur in this layer.

10. Exosphere
• The exosphere is the outermost layer of Earth’s
atmosphere. “Exo” means outside
• The exosphere is the very edge of our atmosphere. This
layer separates the rest of the atmosphere from outer
space. It’s about 6,200 miles (10,000 kilometers) thick.
That’s almost as wide as Earth itself.
• The exosphere has gases like hydrogen and helium, but
they are very spread out. There is a lot of empty space in
between. There is no air to breathe, and it’s very cold.

11. Ionosphere
• Ionosphere overlaps the mesosphere, thermosphere,
and exosphere. The ionosphere is a very active part of the
atmosphere, and it grows and shrinks depending on the energy it
absorbs from the Sun. The name ionosphere comes from the fact that
gases in these layers are excited by solar radiation to form ions,
which have an electrical charge.
• Parts of the ionosphere overlap with Earth’s magnetosphere. That’s
the area around Earth where charged particles feel Earth’s magnetic
field.
• In the ionosphere, charged particles are affected by the magnetic
fields of both Earth and the sun. This is where auroras happen.
Those are the bright, beautiful bands of light that you sometimes see
near Earth’s poles. They’re caused by high-energy particles from the
sun interacting with the atoms in this layer of our atmosphere.

12. Thank you