Indian history has seen many extraordinary reformers who established the foundations of modern India and impacted the world with their philosophies and social work. This document discusses several prominent Indian reformers from the past and present, including Dayanand Saraswati, Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Mahatma Gandhi, Swami Vivekananda, and Kailash Satyarthi. It provides biographical details and contributions of these reformers who fought against social evils like the caste system and pushed for women's rights and education in India.

1. Indian and worlds
reformers
SUB TOPIC : present days and
past days reformers
MADE BY : KOSTUBH

2. GROUP AND PPT INFO
GROUP LEADER : KOSTUBH
MEMBERS
• Shrishti
• Shweta
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PPT :
No. of slides : 30
No. of Topics : 3

3. Indian history has seen some extraordinary reformers who not only
established the very foundation of modern India but also made an
impact on the world with their philosophy and great work for the
society.A reform movement is a kind of social movement that aims
to make gradual change, or change in certain aspects of society
rather than rapid or fundamental Some rely on personal
transformationas a mode of social change.India is privileged to
have number of great souls like Dayanand Saraswati and Raja
Ram Mohan Roy. They managed to bring revolutions by making
radical changes in the society. Some of the reformers took up the
challenges of breaking the jinx of prevailing caste-system while
some fought for the introduction of girls'-education and widow
remarriage.
INTRODUCTION

4. Virachand Raghav Gandhi (1864–1901) was from Mahuva . He
is 19th Century Indian patriot who was friend of Mahatma
Gandhi and contemporary to Swami Vivekanand. He and
swami vivekananda drew equal attention at the first World
Parliament of Religions in Chicago in 1893 . He won a silver
medal in same . His statue still stands at the Jain temple in
Chicago. And as a reformer established a] Gandhi
Philosophical Society, b] Society for the Education of Women
in India (SEWI).
VIRCHAND GANDHI

5. Mahatma Gandhi(2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948)
(Father of the Nation) was the pre-eminent political and
spiritual leader of India during the Indian independence
movement. He was the pioneer of satyagraha—resistance
to tyranny through mass civil disobedience, firmly
founded upon ahimsa or total nonviolence—which led
India to independence and inspired movements for civil
rights and freedom across the world. Gandhi led
nationwide campaigns to ease poverty, expand women's
rights, build religious and ethnic amity, end
untouchability, and increase economic self-reliance.
MAHATMA GANDHI

6. January 12, 1863–July 4, 1902.He was the founder of
Ramakrishna Mission. Vivekananda is considered to be a
major force in the revival of Hinduism in modern India.
He is considered a key figure in the introduction of
Vedanta and Yoga in Europe and America. He introduced
Hinduism at the Parliament of the World's Religions at
Chicago in 1893.
SWAMI VIVEKANANDA

7. 1. SWAMI DAYANAD SARASWATI
2. VINOBA BHAVE
3. BABA AMTE
4. ISHWAR CHANDRA
5. B.R.AMBEDKAR
6. ANNIE BESANT
7. RAMA KRISHNA
8. MOTHER TERESA
9. GOPABANDHU DASH
FOR EXAMPLE

8. Kailash Satyarthi in 2013
Kailash Satyarthi
Born
11 January 1954 (age 60)
Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh,
India
Education Electrical engineering
Occupation Activist
Known for
Activism for children's
rights and children's
education
Awards
Alfonso Comin
International Award
(2008)
Defenders of Democracy
Award (2009)
Nobel Peace Prize (2014)

9. Early life
Kailash Satyarthi speaking at the Global Campaign
for Education World Assembly in Paris, France,
February 2011
Originally named Kailash Sharma, Satyarthi was
born on 11 January 1954 in the Vidisha district of
central Indian state Madhya pradesh
He attended Government Boys Higher Secondary
School, and completed his degree in electrical
engineering at Samrat Ashok Technological Institute
Vidisha and a post-graduate degree in high-voltage
engineering. He then joined a college in Bhopal as a
lecturer for a few years.

10. In 1980, he gave up his career as a teacher
and became secretary general for the Bonded
Labor Liberation Fronthe also founded the
Bachpan Bachao Andolan (Save the
Childhood Mission) that year. the
International Center on Child Labor and
Education ICCLEHe has also served as the
President of the Global Campaign for
Education, from its inception in 1999 to 2011,
having been one of its four founders
alongside ActionAid, Oxfam and Education
International.
Work

11. In addition, he established GoodWeave International (formerly known
as Rugmark) as the first voluntary labelling, monitoring and
certification system of rugs manufactured without the use of child-
labour in South Asia. This latter organisation operated a campaign in
Europe and the United States in the late 1980s and early 1990s with
the intent of raising consumer awareness of the issues relating to the
accountability of global corporations with regard to socially
responsible consumerism and trade. Satyarthi has highlighted child
labor as a human rights issue as well as a welfare matter and
charitable cause. Satyarthi serves on the board and committee of
several international organisations including the Center for Victims of
Torture (USA), the International Labor Rights Fund (USA), and the
International Cocoa Foundation.

12. • Satyarthi has been the subject of a number of documentaries,
television series, talk shows, advocacy and awareness films.
Satyarthi has been awarded the following national and
international honours:
• 2014: Nobel Peace Prize
• 2009: Defenders of Democracy Award (US)
• 2008: Alfonso Comin International Award (Spain)
• 2007: Gold medal of the Italian Senate (2007) 1998: Golden
Flag Award (Netherlands)
• 1995: The Trumpeter Award (US)
• 1994: The Aachener International Peace Award (Germany)
• 1993: Elected Ashoka Fellow (US)
Awards and honors

13. Personal life
He lives in New Delhi, India. His family includes his wife, a
son, daughter-in-law, and a daughter. He has been described as
an excellent cook.
Reception in India
The discussion of legalization of child labor was raised after
Satyarthi received the Nobel Prize. According to some
academic which may cause reduced wages, lead them into
child prostitution or life as a street child.
Books
Satyarthi, Kailash; Zutshi, Bupinder (2006). Globalisation,
Development And Child Rights. New Delhi: Shipra
Publication.
OTHERS INFORMATION

14. Malala Yousafzai
Born
12 July 1997
Mingora
Province,
Pakistan
Nationality Pakistani
Known for
Female
education
activism
Awards
 Nobel Peace
Prize
 National
Youth Peace
Prize

15. Early life
Yousafzai was born on 12 July 1997 in the Swat District of Pakistan's
northwestern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, into a Sunni Muslim
family of Pashtun ethnicity.She was given her first name Malala
(meaning "grief-stricken") after Malalai of Maiwand, a famous
Pashtun poetess and warrior woman from southern Afghanistan.At
her house in Mingora, she lived with her two younger brothers, her
parentsQueen Elizabeth II once during her visit to the area called it
"the Switzerland of the east".
Yousafzai started speaking about education rights as early as
September 2008, when her father took her to Peshawar to speak at the
local press club. "How dare the Taliban take away my basic right to
education?" Yousafzai asked her audience in a speech covered by
newspapers and television channels throughout the region.

16. Works
International Poetry Festival 2013 in Argentina, to honour
Yousafzai
Yousafzai's memoir I Am Malala: The Story of the Girl Who
Stood Up for Education and was Shot by the Taliban, co-written
with British journalist Christina Lamb, was published in October
2013 by Little, Brown and Company in the U.S. and by
Weidenfeld & Nicolson in the U.K. A reviewer for The Guardian
called the book "fearless" and stated that "the haters and
conspiracy theorists would do well to read this book", though she
criticized "the stiff, know-it-all voice of a foreign correspondent"
that is interwoven with Yousafzai's.A reviewer for The
Washington Post called the book "riveting" and wrote that "It is
difficult to imagine a chronicle of a war more moving, apart from
perhaps the diary of Anne Frank.

17. Entertainment Weekly gave the book a "B+", writing that "Malala's
bravely eager voice can seem a little thin here, in I Am Malala, likely
thanks to her co-writer, but her powerful message remains undiluted."
This book is being translated into Kannada, Tamil, Malayalam and
Marathi.
The All Pakistan Private Schools Federation announced that the book
would be banned in its 152,000 member institutions, stating that it
disrespected Islam and could have a "negative" influence. Pakistani
investigative editor Ansar Abbasi described her work as "providing
her critics something 'concrete' to prove her as an 'agent' of the West
against Islam and Pakistan".

18. Awards andhonours
Yousafzai has been awarded the following national and
international honours:
• 2011 International Children's Peace Prize
• 2011 National Youth Peace Prize
• Anne Frank Award for Courage, January 2012
• Sitara-e-Shujaat, Pakistan's third-highest
civilian bravery award, October 2012
• 2012 Time magazine Person of the Year shortlist
• Mother Teresa Memorial Award Social Justice, November 2012
• Rome Prize for Peace and Humanitarian Action, December 2012
• Simone de Beauvoir Prize, January 2013
• Doughty Street Advocacy award of Index on Censorship, March
2013

19. • Harvard Foundation’s Peter Gomes Humanitarian Award from
Harvard University
• 2013 Anna Politkovskaya Award – Reach All Women In War
• 2014 Nominee for World Children's Prize also known as Children's
Nobel Prize
• 2014 Awarded Honorary Life Membership by the PSEU (Ireland)
• 2014 Skoll Global Treasure Award
• 2014 Nobel Peace Prize, shared with Kailash Satyarthi
• 2014 Philadelphia Liberty Medal
• In 2014 she was named one of "The 25 Most Influential Teens of
2014" by Time magazine.

20. Reception in Pakistan
Reception at home has been somewhat more mixed. Dawn columnist
Huma Yusuf summarized three main complaints of Yousafzai's
critics: "Her fame highlights Pakistan’s most
negative aspect her education campaign a is a
echoes Western agendas; and the West's a is
admiration of her is hypocritical because it o-
verlooks the plight of other innocent victims,
like the casualties of U.S. drone strikes."Another Dawn journalist,
Cyril Almeida, addressed the public's lack of rage against the Tehrik-
i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), blaming the failing state government.
justify Western imperialism as "the perfect candidate for the white
man to relieve his burden and save native".Yousafzai was also
accused on social media of being a CIA spy.

21. Born
23 January 1897
Cuttack, Orissa Division,
Bengal Province, British
India
Died
18 August 1945
Taipei (Taihoku), Japanese
Taiwan
Nationality Indian
Alma mater
University of Calcutta
University of Cambridge
Known for
Figure of Indian
independence movement
Signature
Subhas Chandra Bose

22. Subhas Chandra Bose was born on 23 January 1897 (at
12.10 pm) in Cuttack, Orissa Division, Bengal Province,
to Prabhavxati Devi and Janakinath Bose, an advocate.
He was the ninth child of a total of fourteen siblings. He
was admitted to the Protestant European School like his
other brothers and sisters in January 1902. He continued
his studies at this school which was run by the Baptist
Mission up to the year 1909 and then shifted to the
Ravenshaw Collegiate SchoolAfter securing the second
position in the matriculation examination in 1913, he got
admitted to the Presidency College where he studied
briefly.He later joined the Scottish Church College at the
University of Calcutta and passed his B.A. in 1918 in
philosophy.
Early life: 1897–1921

23. Bose at the inauguration of the India Society in Prague in 1926.
Bose at his residence in Calcutta in the late 1920s.
Subhas Bose, GOC (General Officer Commanding) of the Congress
Volunteer Corps (in military uniform) with Congress president,
Motilal Nehru, who is taking the salute. Annual meeting, Indian
National Congress, December 29, 1928.
Subhas Chandra Bose with Congress Volunteers, 1929
He started the newspaper Swaraj and took charge of publicity for the
Bengal Provincial Congress Committee. His mentor was Chittaranjan
Das who was a spokesman for aggressive nationalism in Bengal. In
the year 1923 In a roundup of nationalists in 1925, Bose was arrested
and sent to prison in Mandalay, where he contracted tuberculosis.
WithIndianNational Congress:1921–1932

24. In 1927, after being released from prison, Bose became general
secretary of the Congress party and worked with Jawaharlal Nehru
for independence. In late December 1928, Bose organized the Annual
Meeting of the Indian National Congress in Calcutta.
Bose organized a volunteer corps in uniform, its officers being even
provided with steel-cut epaulettes ... his uniform was made by a firm
of British tailors in Calcutta, Harman's. A telegram addressed to him
as GOC was delivered to the British General in Fort William and was
the subject of a good deal of malicious gossip in the (British Indian)
press. clicking of boots, and saluting, and he afterwards described the
Calcutta session of the Congress as a Bertram Mills circus, which
caused a great deal of indignation among the Bengalis.

25. Bose convalescing in Bad Gastein, Austria, after
surgery in early 1933.
Bose with Emilie Schenkl, in Bad Gastein, Austria,
1936.
Bose in the Himalayan resort town of Dalhousie, India
(June 1937.
Illness, Austria, EmilieSchenkl 1933–1937

26. WithIndian National Congress 1937–1940
He stood for unqualified Swaraj (self-governance), including the use
of force against the British. This meant a confrontation with
Mohandas Gandhi, who in fact opposed Bose's presidency,splitting
the India National Congress party. Bose attempted to maintain unity,
but Gandhi advised Bose to form his own cabinet. The rift also
divided Bose and Nehru. Bose appeared at the 1939 meeting on a
stretcher. He was elected president again over Gandhi's preferred
candidate Pattabhi Sitaramayya. U. Muthuramalingam Thevar
strongly supported Bose in the intra-Congress dispute. On 22 June
1939 Bose organised the All India Forward Bloc a faction within the
Indian National Congress, aimed at consolidating the political left,
but its main strength was in his home state, Bengal. U
Muthuramalingam Thevar, who was a staunch supporter of Bose
from the beginning, joined the Forward Bloc.

27. . When Bose visited Madurai on 6 September, Thevar organised a
massive rally as his reception When Subash Chandra Bose was
heading to Madurai, on an invitation of Muthuramalinga Thevar to
amass support for the Forward Bloc, he passed through Madras and
spent three days at Gandhi Peak. His correspondence reveals that
despite his clear dislike for British subjugation, and their steadfastly
disciplinarian outlook towards life. In England, he exchanged ideas on
the future of India with British Labour Party leaders and political
thinkers like Lord Halifax, George Lansbury, Clement Attlee, Arthur
Greenwood, Harold Laski, J.B.S. Haldane, Ivor Jennings, G.D.H.
Cole, Gilbert Murray and Sir Stafford Cripps. He came to believe that
an independent India needed socialist authoritarianism, on the lines of
Turkey's Kemal Atatürk, for at least two decades

28. In Nazi Germany: 1941–1943
Bose's arrest and subsequent release set the scene for his escape to
Germany, via Afghanistan and the Soviet Union. A few days before
his escape, he sought solitude and on this pretext avoided meeting
British guards and grew a beard on the night of his escape, he
dressed as a Pathan to avoid being identified. Bose escaped from
under British surveillance at his house in Calcutta. On 19 January
1941, accompanied by his nephew Sisir K. Bose in a car that is now
on display at his Calcutta home.
He journeyed to Peshawar with the help of the Abwehr, where he
was met by Akbar Shah, Mohammed Shah and Bhagat Ram Talwar.
Bose was taken to the home of Abad Khan, a trusted friend of Akbar
Shah's.

29. On 26 January 1941, Bose began his journey to reach Russia through
British India's North West frontier with Afghanistan. For this reason,
he enlisted the help of Mian Akbar Shah, then a Forward Bloc leader
in the North-West Frontier Province. Shah had been out of India en
route to the Soviet Union, and suggested a novel disguise for Bose to
assume. Since Bose could not speak one word of Pashto, it would
make him an easy target of Pashto speakers working for the British.
For this reason, Shah suggested that Bose act deaf and dumb, and let
his beard grow to mimic those of the tribesmen. Bose's guide Bhagat
Ram Talwar, unknown to him, was a Soviet agent

30. In Japanese-occupied Asia 1943–1945
The Indian National Army (INA) was the brainchild of
Japanese Major (and post-war Lieutenant-General)
Iwaichi Fujiwara, head the Japanese intelligence unit
Fujiwara Kikan and had its origins, first in the meetings
between Fujiwara and the president of the Bangkok
chapter of the Indian Independence League, Pritam
Singh Dhillon, and then, Fujiwara's mission was "to
raise an army which would fight alongside the Japanese
army." After the initial proposal by Fujiwara the Indian
National Army was formed as a result of discussion
between Fujiwara and Mohan Singh in the second half
of December 1941, and the name chosen jointly by
them in the first week of January 1942.

31. Death on 18 August 1945
In the consensus of scholarly opinion,
Subhas Chandra Bose's death occurred from
third-degree burns on 18 August 1945 after
his overloaded Japanese plane crashed in
Japanese-occupied Formosa (now Taiwan).
However, many among his supporters,
especially in Bengal, refused at the time,
and have refused since, to believe either the
fact or the circumstances of his death.
Conspiracy theories appeared within hours
of his death and have thereafter had a long
shelf life, keeping alive various martial
myths about Bose.
The last
airplane
journeys of
Subhas
Chandra
Bose. Paths
of completed
flights are
shown in
blue. On 16
August 1945,
he left
Singapore for
Bankok,Siam.
The Ki -T2
twin-engine
heavy
bomber that
Subhas
Chandra
Bose and
Habibur
Rahman
boarded at
around 2 PM
on 17 August
1945.

32. OUR REFORMERS

33. THE END