Water is an essential resource for living systems, agriculture, industry and domestic use. The document discusses water features such as lakes and rivers in Turkey and France. It also discusses water quality factors, water scarcity in Turkey, and the water footprint of Turkey and France. Turkey faces water shortage issues due to a growing population and limited available water per person. Conservation efforts such as more efficient agricultural water use are needed.

1. WATER
EAU
WASSER
APA
VANN
SU
ACQUA

2. . Water is an essential resource
for living systems, industrial
processes, agricultural
production and domestic use

3. For example;
The production of one kilogram wheat bread
requires 1600 litres of water .

4. The production of one kilogram cotton requires
10000 litres of water .

5. The principal factors that are taken into
consideration when determining water quality are:
•Temperature
•pH
•Density
•trace elements such as,
calcium ion Ca2+
•turbidity

6. T
WATER FEATURES
IN TURKEY

7. Anatolian peninsula covers a large area of
Turkey, approximately 97% of the total area.
It's generally a high plateau covered with
several high mountains and mountain ranges
especially in the east of the country. The
existence of many valleys and high mountains,
snow precipitation and therefore its melting in
the Spring, and the climate of different regions
favor the formation of lakes and rivers.

8. LAKES
Lake Van is the largest lake in Turkey, located in the far
east of the country in Van district. It is a saline soda lake,
receiving water from numerous small streams that descend
from the surrounding mountains. Lake Van is one of the
world's largest endorheic lakes (having no outlet). The
original outlet from the basin was blocked by an ancient
volcanic eruption.

9. Lake Tuz
Lake Tuz is the second largest lake in Turkey with its
1,665 km2 (643 sq mi) surface area and one of the
largest hypersaline lakes in the world. It is located in
the Central Anatolia Region, 105 km (65 mi) northeast of
Konya, 150 km (93 mi) south-southeast of Ankaraand 57 km
(35 mi) northwest

10. RIVERS
The Kızılırmak (Turkish: Kızılırmak, "Red River"), also
known as the Halys River, is the longest river
in Turkey among the rivers which originates and ends
in Turkey (both origin and mouth being in Turkey).

11. THE MERİÇ
The Meriç is 490 km long out of which 211 km are in
Turkey. The river rises from Bulgaria, goes across
the border in Turkey and passes from Edirne, joins
with Tunca river, defines the Turkish-Greek border,
and finally empties into the Aegean Sea at Saros
Gulf. Its tributaries are Ergene, Arda and Tunca
rivers.

12. T
WATER SHORTAGE
IN TURKEY

13. The amount of available water per person (per year)
• SYRIA 1.200 m3
• LEBANON 1.300 m3
• TURKEY 1.430 m3
• IRAQ 2.020 m3
• AVERAGE OF ASIA 3.000 m3
• AVERAGE OF WESTERN EUROPE 5.000 m3
• AVERAGE OF AFRICA 7.000 m3
• AVERAGE OF SOUTH AMERICA 23.000m3
• AVERAGE OF WORLD 7.600m3

14. In 2030,the population of Turkey will reach 100
million and Turkey has got water shortage
because available water for per person will be
1100 m3.
Population:
28 million
Population:
67.8million Population:
100 million
Per
year
Per
person

15. We use water in unplanned ways.
We use wrong ways of watering in the agriculture.
1 litre of waste water pollutes 8 litres of fresh water.

16. We have lost wetland.We have polluted water.
For 40 years, we have lost half of wetland.
Lost wetland in Turkey:
Lake Amik, Lake Avlan, Kestel, Gavur, Yarma, Aynaz,
Hotamış, Eşmekaya.
Drying and polluting wetland:
Lake Beyşehir,Lake Tuz, Lake Akşehir-Eber , Lake Bafa ,
Lake Eğirdir ,Lake Kulu, Sultansazlığı

17. Eşmekaya is a lake.
It is in Aksaray,in the
Central Anatolia of
Turkey.
2006

18. Hotamış is a lake.
It is in Konya, in the
Central Anatolia of
Turkey.
1971
2006

19. Lake Tuz
2000 2001 2002

20. Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP)
GAP is the
largest regional
development
project in
Turkey, and also
one of the
major projects in
the world.

21. It consists of dams, hydropower plants and
irrigation schemes in the lower Fırat and Dicle
basins, and accompanying
growth of agriculture, transportation, industry,
telecommunications, health and
education sectors and services in the region. It
covers nearly 10% of the total area
of Turkey and 8% of the national total population in
an underdeveloped region
where per capita gross product is about one-half of
the national average.

22. WATER FEAUTURES
IN FRANCE

23. T
Rivers in France
The major rivers that crisscross the country of
France are all natural waterways. They provided
the necessary transportation routes in the past
that spurred the establishment and growth of
important cities along their banks.

24. The Loire River
At 625 miles long, the Loire is the biggest river in
France by length. Beginning in the Massif Central, the
mountainous southeastern area of France, the Loire
flows past Orleans, Tours and Angers

25. The Rhone River
The Rhone River is the biggest river in France in
terms of depth and volume. It flows south from the
Alps through the Massif Central, past the famous
French cities of Lyon, Avignon and Arles. Navigation
isn't as simple on the Rhone as on other bodies of
water in France because of its swift current, but it's
still an important waterway for commerce and
tourism

26. LAKES
Lake Geneva or Lake Léman is a lake in Switzerland
and France. It is one of the largest lakes in Western
Europe. 59.53% 345.31 km2 (133.32 sq mi) of it comes
under the jurisdiction of Switzerland (cantons of Vaud,
Geneva, and Valais), and 40.47% 234.71 km2
(90.62 sq mi) under France (Haute-Savoie).

27. Lake Lanoux
Lake Lanoux lies on the southern slopes of the
Pyrenees, on French territory.It is fed by streams
which have their source in French territory and which
run entirely through French territory only.

28. Water supply and sanitation in France
Water supply and sanitation in France is universal and of
good quality but water losses in France (26%) are high
compared to England (19%) and Germany (7%).
Gave de Pau river
(Lourdes)

29. The Canal de
Marseille, shown
here entering a
tunnel
near Coudoux,
supplies two thirds
of the drinking
water
of Marseillefrom
the Durance River.

30. Total domestic water use in France is about 6 billion
cubic metres. 62 percent of drinking water supply is
from groundwater and 38 percent from surface
water.

31. According to the Centre d'Information sur l'Eau (CIEAU)
residential water use in France is for the following uses:
39% for baths and showers
20% for toilets
12% for washing clothes
10% for washing dishes
6% for food preparation
6% for other residential uses
6% for outdoor uses (lawn watering and washing cars)
1% for drinking

33. WATER FOOTPRINT
What is the Water Footprint Network?
The Water Footprint Network is a dynamic, international
learning community. They are a platform for connecting
diverse communities interested in sustainability,
equitability and efficiency of water use.
They believe in openness and sharing. They make data,
methods and tools available for free.They believe in
inclusiveness – they incorporate diverse perspectives
from a broad range of stakeholders from different
social, cultural, economic and environmental
backgrounds.

34. NATIONAL WATER FOOTPRINT
The water footprint of national consumption refers to
the total amount of fresh water that is used to
produce the goods and services consumed by the
inhabitants of the nation. It includes two components:
the part of the footprint that falls inside the country
(internal water footprint) and the part of the footprint
that presses on other countries in the world (external
water footprint).

35. Database of water footprint organization:
Average water footprint of Turkey:
1642 m³/yr per capita
Part of footprint falling outside of the country:
21.1 %
Global average water footprint (for comparison):
1385 m³/yr per capita

36. Average water footprint of France:
1786 m³/yr per capita
Part of footprint falling outside of the country:
47.3 %
Global average water footprint (for comparison):
1385 m³/yr per capita

37. ONE DROP OF WATER IS ALL
YOU NEED TO SAVE THE
COMING GENERATIONS.