role of act in preserving and pertaining things in India.

1. WATER ACT, 1974
(PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF
POLLUTION)

2. THE WATER (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF
POLLUTION) ACT, 1974
• The Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948 was the first major
U.S. law to address water pollution. Growing public awareness and
concern for controlling water pollution led to sweeping amendments
in 1972. As amended in 1972, the law became commonly known as the
Clean Water Act (CWA).
• The need for legislating the act was felt in the year 1962, it was the
same year when independent India fought its first war with china. A

3. INTRODUCTION
• The Water Act was enacted by Parliament Act, 1974 purpose to provide for the
prevention of control of water pollution and the maintaining or restoring of
wholesomeness of water. As
on day, it is applicable in all the states of India.

4. OBJECTIVES
The water(prevention and pollution control) act 1974, provides for following:
1. Prevention and control of water pollution
2. Maintaining or restoring the wholesomeness of water; and
3. Establishment of board for prevention and control of water pollution
• An act to provide for the levy and collection of a cess on water consumed by persons carrying
on certain industries and by local authorities, with a view to augment the resources of the
central board and the state boards for the prevention and control of water pollution constituted
under the water (prevention and control of pollution) act, 1974.

5. APPLICATION AND
COMMENCEMENT
• It applies in the first instance to the whole of the States of Assam, Gujarat, Haryana,
Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh,
Rajasthan and West Bengal and the Union Territories. In this act, unless the context,
otherwise requires
1. Pollution
2. Sewerage Effluent
3. Trade effluent
4. Occupier
5. Outlet
6. Stream

6. 2E POLLUTION
• Pollution means such as
• Contamination of water or
• Alternation of physical, chemical Or biological properties of water or
• Discharge of any Sewerage effluent Or trade Effluent Of or any other liquid or solid
substance into water
• As may render such water harmful
• To public health
• To domestic , commercial , industrial, agriculture Or other legimatic users
• To life of animal And plant or aquatic Organisms.

7. SEWAGE
EFFLUENT
Sewage effluent means effluent from
• Any sewerage system or Disposal works and
• Includes sullage from open drains.
Trade effluent
Trade effluent includes
• Any liquid ,solid or gaseous Substance
• Which discharge from any Premises Used for Carrying on
• Any industries operation or processes, or treatment And disposal
system
• Other then domestic sewage.

8. OCCUPI
ER
• In relation to any factory or premises
•The person who has control there over affairs to the factory or
premises And includes
In relation to any substance
• The person is possession for the substance
OUTLET
It includes
• Any conduit pipe or channel , open or closed
• Carrying sewerage or trade effluent of any other holding
arrangement

9. STREAM
It includes,
• River
• Watercourses
• Inland water
• Sea or tidal water such extent or, as the case may be , to such point may as the state
government may, by notification in the critical gazeeth , specify

10. FUNCTIONS OF CENTRAL BOARD
(SEC. 16)
• The Central Board may establish or recognize a laboratory or laboratories to
enable the Central Board to perform its functions under this section
efficiently.
• The Central Board may-
(a)delegate any of its functions under this Act generally or specially to any of
the committees appointed by it;
(b)do such other things and perform such other acts as it may think necessary
for the proper discharge of its functions and generally for the purpose of
carrying into effect the purposes Of this Act.

11. FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE BOARD
• Functions of a State Board has been prescribed in section 17
• But the state pollution board have confined themselves only to grant consents to
the industries.
• After the legislation of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 wherein the Standards
for Effluent has been prescribed in the EP Rules, the Boards merely mentioned
those rules in the conditions of the consent.
• More so Boards are issuing consent with the condition “Zero Discharge” without
ensuring whether this condition could be met or complied by the Industry.

12. • To oversee the implementation of the GAP and to lay down policies and programmes,
Government of India constituted the CGA (Central Ganga Authority)in February 1985,
renamed as the NRCA (National River Conservation Authority)in September 1995, under
the chairmanship of the Prime Minister. The Government also established the GPD
(Ganga Project Directorate)in June 1985 as a wing of Department of Environment, to
execute the projects under the guidance and supervision of the CGA. The Government
renamed the GPD as the NRCD (National River Conservation Directorate)in June 1994.

13. • The GAP-I envisaged to intercept, divert and treat 882 mld (million litres per day) out of
1340 mld of wastewater, generated in 25 class-i towns in 3 states of uttar pradesh, bihar
and west bengal. The NRCD had scheduled the GAP-I for completion by march 1990, but
extended it progressively up to march 2000. While the GAP-I was still in progress, the
CGA decided in february 1991 to take up the GAP-II, covering the following pollution
abatement works:
GAP II
• The CCEA (Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs) approved the GAP-II in various
stages during April 1993 to October 1996 . The States of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West
Bengal, Delhi and Haryana were to implement the GAP-II by treating 1912 mld of
sewage. GAP-II is scheduled for completion by December 2001.

14. FINANCIAL PROFILE
• Approved outlays for the GAP-I and the GAP-II were rs 462.04 crore and rs 1276.25 crore
respectively. The central government was to bear the entire expenditure on schemes
under the GAP-I, and to share it equally with the states in the GAP-II. The government of
India decided in November 1998 to bear the entire expenditure on schemes from April
1997, as the states found it difficult to provide their matching share.

15. THANK
YOU…