3. Determinants of BP
Cardiac output
Peripheral vascular
resistance
Blood volume
Blood viscosity (Hct. >
60-65%)
4. Factors affecting BP
Age (elasticity of the
arteries)
Exercise
Stress
Race: African,
European American
males over 35 years
have higher BP.
Gender
medications
Obesity
Diurnal variations
Disease process
(complications)
10. Assessing BP
Contraindications For Brachial Artery BP
Measurement
Venous access devices, as IV infusion or AV fistula
for renal dialysis
Surgery in breast, axilla, shoulder, arm, hand
Injury or disease to shoulder, arm, or hand, such
as trauma, burns, or cast or bandage
12. Assessing BP (Hypertension)
Associated factors include:
Smoking
Obesity
Alcohol
Arteriosclerosis
Lack of physical activity
High blood cholesterol
Stress
13. Assessing BP (Hypertension)
Diagnostic measures: >140/90 mmHg in
multiple readings
Rx. : treatment of secondary causes, life
style changes and monitoring.
14. Assessing BP (Hypotension)
Orthostatic hypotension
Assessment of: drugs, bleeding, severe
burn and dehydration
Management: supine position 2-3min.,
V/s, prevent falls, Rx of the cause.
15. Orthostatic Postural Hypotension
Postural or orthostatic hypotension
(sudden; temporary drop in BP when rising
from a reclining position)
Most common in those with circulatory
problems, dehydrated, or those who take
diuretics or other drugs that lower BP