Viscous and Ohmic Heating Effects on Hydromagnetic Convective Radiative Boundary Layer Flow Due to a Permeable Shrinking Surface with Internal Heat Generation
In this paper, the effects of viscous and Ohmic heating on magneto hydrodynamic forced convection flow due to a permeable shrinking surface in the presence of internal heat generation and radiation is investigated. The shrinking surface subjected to suction is prescribed with non uniform temperature which varies with the quadratic power of x. Momentum boundary layer equation takes into account of transverse magnetic field effect. Thermal boundary layer equation considered the effects of viscous and Ohmic heating due to transverse magnetic field, radiation and internal heat generation. Numerical results are obtained for various values of governing physical parameters. To access the accuracy of the numerical solution, the present results are checked against previously published work and the analytical solution of the problem obtained using Kummer’s function. Table values show that the analytical and numerical solutions are found to be in excellent agreement. J. Wilfred Samuel Raj | S. P. Anjali Devi "Viscous and Ohmic Heating Effects on Hydromagnetic Convective-Radiative Boundary Layer Flow Due to a Permeable Shrinking Surface with Internal Heat Generation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30524.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/applied-mathamatics/30524/viscous-and-ohmic-heating-effects-on-hydromagnetic-convectiveradiative-boundary-layer-flow-due-to-a-permeable-shrinking-surface-with-internal-heat-generation/j-wilfred-samuel-raj
Heat and mass transfer on mhd flow through a porous mediumAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on heat and mass transfer of an electrically conducting fluid flowing over a stretching surface through a porous medium. The study considers the effects of a magnetic field, heat source, and viscous dissipation. An exact solution is derived for the velocity field using similarity transformations. The coupled non-linear heat equation is solved using Kummer's function, with the non-homogeneity contributed by viscous dissipation. The skin friction and temperature profiles are obtained, with the temperature solution involving confluent hypergeometric functions.
IRJET- Review of Convection and Magnetohydrodynamic Mixed Convection Heat Tra...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of recent research on enhancing heat transfer through convection and magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection. It discusses two main techniques: using extra surfaces like inserts to disrupt thermal boundary layers, and applying magnetic fields in magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection systems. The review summarizes several studies on each technique, finding that extra surfaces generally enhance heat transfer by inducing turbulence, while magnetic fields can both enhance and suppress heat transfer depending on parameters. It concludes that both techniques show promise for improving thermal efficiency and optimizing heat exchanger design.
Heat transefer of a dusty fluid over a stretching sheet with internal heat ge...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper pertains to investigate the heat transfer characteristics of two dimensional two phase flow in a porous medium over a stretching sheet with internal heat generation. The novelty of the present study is to consider the permeability parameter, space and temperature dependent internal heat generation along with various parameters like Froud number ,heat source/sink parameter, Grashof number, Prandtl number, Eckert number, Volume fraction, fluid interaction parameter etc. The method of solution involves similarity transformation which reduces the partial differential equations into non linear ordinary differential equations. These non linear ordinary differential equations have been solved by applying Runge-Kutta 4-th order method with help of shooting technique. The temperature profiles for different values of flow parameters are presented in figures. It is observed from all the figures that the boundary conditions are satisfied asymptotically in all the cases which supporting the accuracy of the numerical results. All the figures shows that increasing values of any parameter increase the thermal boundary layer except the prandtl number and permeability parameter. AMS classification 76T10, 76T15 Keywords: Heat source/sink, Volume fraction, Fluid – particle interaction parameter, Dusty fluid, Boundary layer flow, Stretching sheet, Eckert number, Grashof number, Prandtle number, Shooting techniques, Froud number, permeability parameter.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Natural convection in a two sided lid-driven inclined porous enclosure with s...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study of natural convection in a two-sided lid-driven inclined porous enclosure with a sinusoidal thermal boundary condition on one wall. The governing equations for the fluid flow and heat transfer were solved numerically using a finite difference method. Results are presented for streamlines, isotherms, local Nusselt number, and average Nusselt number for various values of thermal radiation and heat generation parameters at different inclination angles of the enclosure. The key findings are that the flow pattern and temperature field depend significantly on the thermal parameters and inclination angle. Grid independence studies were performed to validate the numerical results.
This document analyzes the thermal characteristics of flared and rectangular fin profiles using finite element analysis. Solid models of the fin geometries were created in SolidWorks. Meshing was performed in ANSYS using tetrahedral and hexahedral elements. Boundary conditions were set up and the analysis was run to obtain temperature distributions and heat fluxes. Results for the different fin profiles were compared to determine the more efficient design. Prior research on heat transfer analysis of fins using finite element methods is also reviewed.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Analysis of Heat Generation in Double Pipe Heat Exchanger: An Experimental Ev...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on analyzing heat generation in a double pipe heat exchanger with an elliptical fin surface contact. An experiment was conducted to compare the heat transfer rate of an elliptical fin to other fin types (tube-tube, rectangular, annular, spiral rod). The results showed the elliptical fin had a higher heat transfer rate. The document reviews several other studies analyzing different fin geometries, heat transfer optimization techniques, and computational fluid dynamics simulations of heat exchangers. It provides background on analyzing heat exchangers using methods like logarithmic mean temperature difference and effectiveness-NTU and discusses prior work optimizing dimensions, materials, and flow conditions to improve heat transfer performance.
Heat and mass transfer on mhd flow through a porous mediumAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on heat and mass transfer of an electrically conducting fluid flowing over a stretching surface through a porous medium. The study considers the effects of a magnetic field, heat source, and viscous dissipation. An exact solution is derived for the velocity field using similarity transformations. The coupled non-linear heat equation is solved using Kummer's function, with the non-homogeneity contributed by viscous dissipation. The skin friction and temperature profiles are obtained, with the temperature solution involving confluent hypergeometric functions.
IRJET- Review of Convection and Magnetohydrodynamic Mixed Convection Heat Tra...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of recent research on enhancing heat transfer through convection and magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection. It discusses two main techniques: using extra surfaces like inserts to disrupt thermal boundary layers, and applying magnetic fields in magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection systems. The review summarizes several studies on each technique, finding that extra surfaces generally enhance heat transfer by inducing turbulence, while magnetic fields can both enhance and suppress heat transfer depending on parameters. It concludes that both techniques show promise for improving thermal efficiency and optimizing heat exchanger design.
Heat transefer of a dusty fluid over a stretching sheet with internal heat ge...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper pertains to investigate the heat transfer characteristics of two dimensional two phase flow in a porous medium over a stretching sheet with internal heat generation. The novelty of the present study is to consider the permeability parameter, space and temperature dependent internal heat generation along with various parameters like Froud number ,heat source/sink parameter, Grashof number, Prandtl number, Eckert number, Volume fraction, fluid interaction parameter etc. The method of solution involves similarity transformation which reduces the partial differential equations into non linear ordinary differential equations. These non linear ordinary differential equations have been solved by applying Runge-Kutta 4-th order method with help of shooting technique. The temperature profiles for different values of flow parameters are presented in figures. It is observed from all the figures that the boundary conditions are satisfied asymptotically in all the cases which supporting the accuracy of the numerical results. All the figures shows that increasing values of any parameter increase the thermal boundary layer except the prandtl number and permeability parameter. AMS classification 76T10, 76T15 Keywords: Heat source/sink, Volume fraction, Fluid – particle interaction parameter, Dusty fluid, Boundary layer flow, Stretching sheet, Eckert number, Grashof number, Prandtle number, Shooting techniques, Froud number, permeability parameter.
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Natural convection in a two sided lid-driven inclined porous enclosure with s...IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study of natural convection in a two-sided lid-driven inclined porous enclosure with a sinusoidal thermal boundary condition on one wall. The governing equations for the fluid flow and heat transfer were solved numerically using a finite difference method. Results are presented for streamlines, isotherms, local Nusselt number, and average Nusselt number for various values of thermal radiation and heat generation parameters at different inclination angles of the enclosure. The key findings are that the flow pattern and temperature field depend significantly on the thermal parameters and inclination angle. Grid independence studies were performed to validate the numerical results.
This document analyzes the thermal characteristics of flared and rectangular fin profiles using finite element analysis. Solid models of the fin geometries were created in SolidWorks. Meshing was performed in ANSYS using tetrahedral and hexahedral elements. Boundary conditions were set up and the analysis was run to obtain temperature distributions and heat fluxes. Results for the different fin profiles were compared to determine the more efficient design. Prior research on heat transfer analysis of fins using finite element methods is also reviewed.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Analysis of Heat Generation in Double Pipe Heat Exchanger: An Experimental Ev...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on analyzing heat generation in a double pipe heat exchanger with an elliptical fin surface contact. An experiment was conducted to compare the heat transfer rate of an elliptical fin to other fin types (tube-tube, rectangular, annular, spiral rod). The results showed the elliptical fin had a higher heat transfer rate. The document reviews several other studies analyzing different fin geometries, heat transfer optimization techniques, and computational fluid dynamics simulations of heat exchangers. It provides background on analyzing heat exchangers using methods like logarithmic mean temperature difference and effectiveness-NTU and discusses prior work optimizing dimensions, materials, and flow conditions to improve heat transfer performance.
A Review on Comparative Study of Thermal Performance of Artificially Roughene...IRJAES
This document reviews research on enhancing heat transfer in solar air heaters through the use of artificial surface roughness. It summarizes findings from several studies that have experimentally analyzed heat transfer performance for different roughness configurations and geometries. The highest average Nusselt numbers were found for a multi V-rib roughness configuration experimentally, while analytical models predicted higher values for end-of-side roughened collectors. A roughness Reynolds number of around 24 was found to give optimal thermal-hydraulic performance across a range of studies.
This document provides an abstract for a research article on magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection micro polar flow through a porous medium driven by a porous stretching sheet. The following key points are discussed:
- Governing partial differential equations are derived and numerically solved using finite element analysis to study the effects of various parameters on velocity, micro rotation, and temperature profiles.
- Parameters investigated include the Hartmann number, Darcy parameter, surface conditions, and their impact on the fluid flow is explored.
- The study aims to provide insights applicable to processes involving polymer sheet stretching and controlled cooling/heating of strips or filaments during manufacturing.
Investigation of Thermal Insulation on Ice CoolersIOSR Journals
This document investigates different materials for thermal insulation in ice coolers. It tests coconut fibre, polystyrene, and polyurethane at various densities using the Lee's Disk method to determine their thermal conductivity. The study finds that polyurethane with a density of 95kg/m3 has the lowest thermal conductivity of 0.0195 W/mK. Numerical analysis confirms that polyurethane of this density and thickness of 64mm maintains the lowest inside temperature for an ice cooler. The experimental data and numerical analysis show that polyurethane of 95kg/m3 density and 64mm thickness provides the best thermal insulation to minimize heat transfer and increase ice melting time in coolers.
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJMSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Mathematics and Statistics, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
MHD Stagnation Point Flow of a Jeffrey Fluid Over a
Stretching/Shrinking Sheet Through Porous Medium by Eswara Rao M and Krishna Murthy M* in COJ Electronics & Communications
Thermal Performance of Diffusion Bonded Compact Heat Exchangers using Al2O3 W...ijtsrd
The value of compact heat exchangers CHEs has been recognised in aerospace, automotive, gas turbine power station, and other industries for the last 50 years or more. This is attributed to many reasons, for example manufacturing restrictions, often high efficiency requirements, low cost, and the use of air or gas as one of the fluids in the exchanger. Together with new and improved forms of CHEs, these advances are an excellent opportunity to bring compact heat exchangers into the process industry, particularly where saving energy is an essential target. High energy prices are also encouraging companies to use energy saving strategies at their plants as much as possible. During decades, attempts to increase heat transfer, decrease heat transfer times and eventually improve energy efficiency have been made. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have facilitated the creation of a new type of liquids called nanofluids. Most theoretical and computational experiments have shown that nanofluids demonstrate an improved coefficient of heat transfer relative to their base fluid. This CFD research explores the impact on the performance of straight square compact heat exchangers from Al2O3 water nanofluid flow. The Al2O3 water nanofluids with three weight fractions of nanoparticles i.e. 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 percent were used. The effect of nanofluid were measured and observed to influence the heat transfer and flow of fluids in a straight square compact heat exchanger. The following conclusions can be drawn based on the provided results, the thermal conductance are approximately 29 higher and the heat transfer are approximately 35 higher in comparison with the conventional fluid i.e. water. Vishal Deshmukh | Prof. Animesh Singhai "Thermal Performance of Diffusion-Bonded Compact Heat Exchangers using Al2O3/Water Nanofluid" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33508.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/33508/thermal-performance-of-diffusionbonded-compact-heat-exchangers-using-al2o3water-nanofluid/vishal-deshmukh
CFD Analysis to Analyze Thermal Characteristics of a Heat Exchanger Handling ...ijtsrd
It takes a lot of energy to have a good life. For living and working, humans nowadays rely on an abundant and constant source of power. Because energy is depleting at such a rapid rate, it has become important to use heat more efficiently, which necessitates that we preserve. As a result of the global energy crisis, many researchers have worked to improve the efficiency of thermal systems and reduce the size and thus energy consumption rates, which is one of the most critical problems due to the large and continuing increase in consumption, the increasing scarcity of energy resources, and the high cost. A 3 dimensional numerical 3 D simulation was used to evaluate the thermal properties of a heat exchanger managing a combination of dimple ribs. Handling air flow velocity through the channel was varied from 3.97 to 5.80 m s. is the subject of this study. The heat transfer physiognomies of a heat exchanger managing a combination of dimple ribs were studied using the simulation tool ANSYS 19.2. The numerical results showed that the combination of dimple ribs enhanced heat transfer significantly more than the dimple. In comparison, the average Nusselt number of a combination of dimple ribs is 4.28 percent higher than that of a channel with dimpled Plate. Abhishek Singh | Prof. Rohit Soni "CFD Analysis to Analyze Thermal Characteristics of a Heat Exchanger Handling Combination of Dimple Ribs" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47712.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/47712/cfd-analysis-to-analyze-thermal-characteristics-of-a-heat-exchanger-handling-combination-of-dimple-ribs/abhishek-singh
IRJET- A Reviw on Different Geometrical Fins and their Effect on Heat Tra...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on different geometric fin designs and their effect on heat transfer rates. It discusses how fins are used to increase surface area and improve heat transfer. Various fin geometries are described including longitudinal, radial, and pin fins. The performance of fins is evaluated using metrics like fin effectiveness and efficiency. Higher thermal conductivity materials, thinner fins with closer spacing, and conditions with lower heat transfer coefficients can improve fin performance. The document reviews several studies on topics like annular fins, dimpled pin fins, and modeling transient heat transfer in piston bore fins.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
OSCILLATORY FLOW OF MHD POLAR FLUID WITH HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER PAST A VERTIC...IAEME Publication
The study of unsteady two-dimensional laminar boundary layer flow of a viscous incompressible fluid (polar fluid) through porous medium past a semi-infinite vertical porous stretching plate in the presence of transverse magnetic field is investigated.
The sheet makes with a constant velocity in the longitudinal direction and the free stream velocity follows an exponentially increasing or decreasing small perturbation law. A uniform magnetic field acts perpendicularly to the porous sheet which absorbs the polar fluid with a suction velocity varying with time component. The effects of all parameters encountering in the problem are investigated for velocity and temperature fields across the boundary layer.
Pressure Dependent of Melting Temperature for MgO and Hcp Ironijtsrd
The Volume dependence of the Grüneisen parameter has been used to calculate the pressure dependence of melting temperature for MgO and hcp iron using Lindemann law. The Volume dependence of the Grüneisen Parameter has been determined using gamma volume V relationship due to Al'tshuler and reciprocal gamma volume V relationship due to Srivastava et al. The calculations are performed between pressure range 55GPa 330GPa. The values of Melting temperature are calculated at different pressures and compared with the available data reported in the literature. Dr. Sheelendra Kumar Yadav "Pressure Dependent of Melting Temperature for MgO and Hcp Iron" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31434.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/physics/31434/pressure-dependent-of-melting-temperature-for-mgo-and-hcp-iron/dr-sheelendra-kumar-yadav
Analysis of A Double Spiral Counter Flow Calorimeter in Impinging Flame Jet U...IJERA Editor
This document analyzes a double spiral counter flow calorimeter (DSCFC) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The DSCFC consists of two concentric spiral channels for fluid flow over a heated base plate, allowing for heat transfer between the solid and fluid. CFD simulations are performed using ANSYS-CFX to analyze heat transfer characteristics at varying Reynolds numbers and base temperatures. The results show heat transfer decreases with increasing Reynolds number but increases with higher base temperature. Pressure and temperature profiles within the DSCFC are also presented. In conclusion, the CFD analysis finds uniform pressure drop along the spiral channels except at the mid-length, with pressure and outlet temperature decreasing at higher Reynolds numbers.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes the heat transfer characteristics of an induction furnace using finite element analysis. It begins with an introduction to induction heating processes and describes the basic components of an induction furnace. The researchers aim to computationally validate the modified composite wall thickness of an induction furnace using heat transfer analysis. The document reviews several other studies on induction heating simulations and experimental validations. It then outlines the thermal modeling approach using the heat diffusion equation and describes the boundary conditions for the finite element analysis.
Assessment of Performance Characteristic of Solar Air Heater with Assorted Ge...IJERA Editor
Artificial roughness is an efficient way for increasing the heat transfer rate in solar air heater with the
corresponding improvement in its thermal performance. A viscous sub-layer is responsible for the low heat
transfer coefficient between absorber plate and flowing air. Repeated ribs in form of artificial roughness are an
effective way to increase the heat transfer rate and improving the performance of solar air heater. Artificial
roughness of the absorber plate is much economical and effective way to improve the thermal performance of
solar air heater. Several investigators have done various investigations to improve heat transfer coefficient with
little penalty of friction factor. They have also developed different correlation for heat transfer coefficient and
friction factor. The correlations developed for heat transfer and friction factor by various investigators have been
reviewed and presented.
This document summarizes a study that uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to evaluate the performance of an all-glass evacuated tube solar water heater with twist tape inserts. The study develops a numerical model to simulate fluid flow and heat transfer in a single collector tube. Results show that twist tape inserts reduce velocity magnitude and make the temperature field more uniform compared to a plain tube. Over the range tested, twist tapes with relative twisted ratios of 2.5 and 4 produce Nusselt numbers that are 1.07% smaller and 9.29% larger, respectively, than a normal tube without inserts.
MIXED CONVECTIVE HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER MHD FLOW PAST AN UNSTEADY STRETCHING ...IAEME Publication
Mixed two dimensional convection heat and mass transfer flow with suction, viscous
dissipation, heat source/sink effect, mass diffusion including Soret and Dufour effects due to an
unsteady porous stretching sheet is studied in the present analysis. The flow is subjected to
magnetic field normal to the vertical plate in a saturated porous medium. The governing non-linear
partial differential equations have been reduced to ordinary differential equations using suitable
similarity transformation variables. The resultant equations which are coupled and highly nonlinear
are solved by standard Runge-Kutta fourth order numerical technique via shooting method.
The momentum, temperature and concentration field distributions are analyzed and discussed
numerically and presented pictorially through graphs. Numerical values for skin friction
coefficient, local Nusselt number and Sherwood number at the plate in the presence of magnetic
field and porous medium are derived and discussed for various values of physical parameters and
are presented in table. Finally the present results are compared with previously published results
and found to be well in agreement.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
The Study of Heat Generation and Viscous Dissipation on Mhd Heat And Mass Dif...IOSR Journals
The present work is devoted to the numerical study of magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) natural convection flow of heat and mass transfer past a plate taking into account viscous dissipation and internal heat generation. The governing equations and the associated boundary conditions for this analysis are made non dimensional forms using a set of dimensionless variables. Thus, the non dimensional governing equations are solved numerically using finite difference method Crank-Nicolson’s scheme. Numerical outcomes are found for different values of the magnetic parameter, Modified Grashof number, Prandtl number, Eckert number, heat generation parameter and Schmidt number for the velocity and the temperature within the boundary layer as well as the skin friction coefficients and the rate of heat and mass transfer along the surface. Results are presented graphically with detailed discussion.
Magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection flow and boundary layer control of a nan...IAEME Publication
This research work is focused on the numerical solution of steady MHD mixed convection boundary layer flow of a nanofluid over a semi-infinite flat plate with heat generation/absorption and viscous dissipation effects in the presence of suction and injection. Gyarmati’s variational principle developed on the thermodynamic theory of irreversible processes is employed to solve the problem
numerically. The governing boundary layer equations are approximated as simple polynomial functions, and the functional of the variational principle is constructed.
Hydromagnetic Flow of Nanofluids over a Nonlinear Shrinking Surface with Heat...ijtsrd
Heat and mass transfer characteristics of water based nanofluids over a nonlinear shrinking surface with suction is studied numerically in the incidence of magnetic field, thermal radiation under the boundary conditions heat flux and mass flux. Similarity transformations are used to renovate the governing partial differential equations into higher order nonlinear ordinary differential equations. These equations are numerically solved using fourth order Runge Kutta technique along with Nachistem “ Swigert shooting method. Numerical results are achieved for the nanofluid velocity, nanofluid temperature and nanoparticle concentration as well as for the skin friction coefficient, wall temperature and concentration of the wall for various values of governing physical parameters viz. magnetic interaction parameter, suction parameter, shrinking parameter, thermal radiation parameter, temperature ratio parameter and solid volume fraction of the nanoparticles such as copper and silver. Mekala Selvaraj | S. P. Anjali Devi"Hydromagnetic Flow of Nanofluids over a Nonlinear Shrinking Surface with Heat Flux and Mass Flux" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd5793.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/applied-mathamatics/5793/hydromagnetic-flow-of-nanofluids-over-a-nonlinear-shrinking-surface-with-heat-flux-and-mass-flux/mekala-selvaraj
Magnetic field effect on mixed convection flow in a nanofluid under convectiv...IAEME Publication
An analysis is carried out to investigate the influence of the prominent magnetic effect on mixed convection heat and mass transfer in the boundary layer region of a semi-infinite vertical flat plate in a nanofluid under the convective boundary conditions. The transformed boundary layer,ordinary differential equations are solved numerically using Runge-Kutta Fourth order method.
A Review on Comparative Study of Thermal Performance of Artificially Roughene...IRJAES
This document reviews research on enhancing heat transfer in solar air heaters through the use of artificial surface roughness. It summarizes findings from several studies that have experimentally analyzed heat transfer performance for different roughness configurations and geometries. The highest average Nusselt numbers were found for a multi V-rib roughness configuration experimentally, while analytical models predicted higher values for end-of-side roughened collectors. A roughness Reynolds number of around 24 was found to give optimal thermal-hydraulic performance across a range of studies.
This document provides an abstract for a research article on magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection micro polar flow through a porous medium driven by a porous stretching sheet. The following key points are discussed:
- Governing partial differential equations are derived and numerically solved using finite element analysis to study the effects of various parameters on velocity, micro rotation, and temperature profiles.
- Parameters investigated include the Hartmann number, Darcy parameter, surface conditions, and their impact on the fluid flow is explored.
- The study aims to provide insights applicable to processes involving polymer sheet stretching and controlled cooling/heating of strips or filaments during manufacturing.
Investigation of Thermal Insulation on Ice CoolersIOSR Journals
This document investigates different materials for thermal insulation in ice coolers. It tests coconut fibre, polystyrene, and polyurethane at various densities using the Lee's Disk method to determine their thermal conductivity. The study finds that polyurethane with a density of 95kg/m3 has the lowest thermal conductivity of 0.0195 W/mK. Numerical analysis confirms that polyurethane of this density and thickness of 64mm maintains the lowest inside temperature for an ice cooler. The experimental data and numerical analysis show that polyurethane of 95kg/m3 density and 64mm thickness provides the best thermal insulation to minimize heat transfer and increase ice melting time in coolers.
International Journal of Mathematics and Statistics Invention (IJMSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJMSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Mathematics and Statistics, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
MHD Stagnation Point Flow of a Jeffrey Fluid Over a
Stretching/Shrinking Sheet Through Porous Medium by Eswara Rao M and Krishna Murthy M* in COJ Electronics & Communications
Thermal Performance of Diffusion Bonded Compact Heat Exchangers using Al2O3 W...ijtsrd
The value of compact heat exchangers CHEs has been recognised in aerospace, automotive, gas turbine power station, and other industries for the last 50 years or more. This is attributed to many reasons, for example manufacturing restrictions, often high efficiency requirements, low cost, and the use of air or gas as one of the fluids in the exchanger. Together with new and improved forms of CHEs, these advances are an excellent opportunity to bring compact heat exchangers into the process industry, particularly where saving energy is an essential target. High energy prices are also encouraging companies to use energy saving strategies at their plants as much as possible. During decades, attempts to increase heat transfer, decrease heat transfer times and eventually improve energy efficiency have been made. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have facilitated the creation of a new type of liquids called nanofluids. Most theoretical and computational experiments have shown that nanofluids demonstrate an improved coefficient of heat transfer relative to their base fluid. This CFD research explores the impact on the performance of straight square compact heat exchangers from Al2O3 water nanofluid flow. The Al2O3 water nanofluids with three weight fractions of nanoparticles i.e. 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 percent were used. The effect of nanofluid were measured and observed to influence the heat transfer and flow of fluids in a straight square compact heat exchanger. The following conclusions can be drawn based on the provided results, the thermal conductance are approximately 29 higher and the heat transfer are approximately 35 higher in comparison with the conventional fluid i.e. water. Vishal Deshmukh | Prof. Animesh Singhai "Thermal Performance of Diffusion-Bonded Compact Heat Exchangers using Al2O3/Water Nanofluid" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33508.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/33508/thermal-performance-of-diffusionbonded-compact-heat-exchangers-using-al2o3water-nanofluid/vishal-deshmukh
CFD Analysis to Analyze Thermal Characteristics of a Heat Exchanger Handling ...ijtsrd
It takes a lot of energy to have a good life. For living and working, humans nowadays rely on an abundant and constant source of power. Because energy is depleting at such a rapid rate, it has become important to use heat more efficiently, which necessitates that we preserve. As a result of the global energy crisis, many researchers have worked to improve the efficiency of thermal systems and reduce the size and thus energy consumption rates, which is one of the most critical problems due to the large and continuing increase in consumption, the increasing scarcity of energy resources, and the high cost. A 3 dimensional numerical 3 D simulation was used to evaluate the thermal properties of a heat exchanger managing a combination of dimple ribs. Handling air flow velocity through the channel was varied from 3.97 to 5.80 m s. is the subject of this study. The heat transfer physiognomies of a heat exchanger managing a combination of dimple ribs were studied using the simulation tool ANSYS 19.2. The numerical results showed that the combination of dimple ribs enhanced heat transfer significantly more than the dimple. In comparison, the average Nusselt number of a combination of dimple ribs is 4.28 percent higher than that of a channel with dimpled Plate. Abhishek Singh | Prof. Rohit Soni "CFD Analysis to Analyze Thermal Characteristics of a Heat Exchanger Handling Combination of Dimple Ribs" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47712.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/47712/cfd-analysis-to-analyze-thermal-characteristics-of-a-heat-exchanger-handling-combination-of-dimple-ribs/abhishek-singh
IRJET- A Reviw on Different Geometrical Fins and their Effect on Heat Tra...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on different geometric fin designs and their effect on heat transfer rates. It discusses how fins are used to increase surface area and improve heat transfer. Various fin geometries are described including longitudinal, radial, and pin fins. The performance of fins is evaluated using metrics like fin effectiveness and efficiency. Higher thermal conductivity materials, thinner fins with closer spacing, and conditions with lower heat transfer coefficients can improve fin performance. The document reviews several studies on topics like annular fins, dimpled pin fins, and modeling transient heat transfer in piston bore fins.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
OSCILLATORY FLOW OF MHD POLAR FLUID WITH HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER PAST A VERTIC...IAEME Publication
The study of unsteady two-dimensional laminar boundary layer flow of a viscous incompressible fluid (polar fluid) through porous medium past a semi-infinite vertical porous stretching plate in the presence of transverse magnetic field is investigated.
The sheet makes with a constant velocity in the longitudinal direction and the free stream velocity follows an exponentially increasing or decreasing small perturbation law. A uniform magnetic field acts perpendicularly to the porous sheet which absorbs the polar fluid with a suction velocity varying with time component. The effects of all parameters encountering in the problem are investigated for velocity and temperature fields across the boundary layer.
Pressure Dependent of Melting Temperature for MgO and Hcp Ironijtsrd
The Volume dependence of the Grüneisen parameter has been used to calculate the pressure dependence of melting temperature for MgO and hcp iron using Lindemann law. The Volume dependence of the Grüneisen Parameter has been determined using gamma volume V relationship due to Al'tshuler and reciprocal gamma volume V relationship due to Srivastava et al. The calculations are performed between pressure range 55GPa 330GPa. The values of Melting temperature are calculated at different pressures and compared with the available data reported in the literature. Dr. Sheelendra Kumar Yadav "Pressure Dependent of Melting Temperature for MgO and Hcp Iron" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31434.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/physics/31434/pressure-dependent-of-melting-temperature-for-mgo-and-hcp-iron/dr-sheelendra-kumar-yadav
Analysis of A Double Spiral Counter Flow Calorimeter in Impinging Flame Jet U...IJERA Editor
This document analyzes a double spiral counter flow calorimeter (DSCFC) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The DSCFC consists of two concentric spiral channels for fluid flow over a heated base plate, allowing for heat transfer between the solid and fluid. CFD simulations are performed using ANSYS-CFX to analyze heat transfer characteristics at varying Reynolds numbers and base temperatures. The results show heat transfer decreases with increasing Reynolds number but increases with higher base temperature. Pressure and temperature profiles within the DSCFC are also presented. In conclusion, the CFD analysis finds uniform pressure drop along the spiral channels except at the mid-length, with pressure and outlet temperature decreasing at higher Reynolds numbers.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes the heat transfer characteristics of an induction furnace using finite element analysis. It begins with an introduction to induction heating processes and describes the basic components of an induction furnace. The researchers aim to computationally validate the modified composite wall thickness of an induction furnace using heat transfer analysis. The document reviews several other studies on induction heating simulations and experimental validations. It then outlines the thermal modeling approach using the heat diffusion equation and describes the boundary conditions for the finite element analysis.
Assessment of Performance Characteristic of Solar Air Heater with Assorted Ge...IJERA Editor
Artificial roughness is an efficient way for increasing the heat transfer rate in solar air heater with the
corresponding improvement in its thermal performance. A viscous sub-layer is responsible for the low heat
transfer coefficient between absorber plate and flowing air. Repeated ribs in form of artificial roughness are an
effective way to increase the heat transfer rate and improving the performance of solar air heater. Artificial
roughness of the absorber plate is much economical and effective way to improve the thermal performance of
solar air heater. Several investigators have done various investigations to improve heat transfer coefficient with
little penalty of friction factor. They have also developed different correlation for heat transfer coefficient and
friction factor. The correlations developed for heat transfer and friction factor by various investigators have been
reviewed and presented.
This document summarizes a study that uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to evaluate the performance of an all-glass evacuated tube solar water heater with twist tape inserts. The study develops a numerical model to simulate fluid flow and heat transfer in a single collector tube. Results show that twist tape inserts reduce velocity magnitude and make the temperature field more uniform compared to a plain tube. Over the range tested, twist tapes with relative twisted ratios of 2.5 and 4 produce Nusselt numbers that are 1.07% smaller and 9.29% larger, respectively, than a normal tube without inserts.
Similar to Viscous and Ohmic Heating Effects on Hydromagnetic Convective Radiative Boundary Layer Flow Due to a Permeable Shrinking Surface with Internal Heat Generation
MIXED CONVECTIVE HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER MHD FLOW PAST AN UNSTEADY STRETCHING ...IAEME Publication
Mixed two dimensional convection heat and mass transfer flow with suction, viscous
dissipation, heat source/sink effect, mass diffusion including Soret and Dufour effects due to an
unsteady porous stretching sheet is studied in the present analysis. The flow is subjected to
magnetic field normal to the vertical plate in a saturated porous medium. The governing non-linear
partial differential equations have been reduced to ordinary differential equations using suitable
similarity transformation variables. The resultant equations which are coupled and highly nonlinear
are solved by standard Runge-Kutta fourth order numerical technique via shooting method.
The momentum, temperature and concentration field distributions are analyzed and discussed
numerically and presented pictorially through graphs. Numerical values for skin friction
coefficient, local Nusselt number and Sherwood number at the plate in the presence of magnetic
field and porous medium are derived and discussed for various values of physical parameters and
are presented in table. Finally the present results are compared with previously published results
and found to be well in agreement.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
The Study of Heat Generation and Viscous Dissipation on Mhd Heat And Mass Dif...IOSR Journals
The present work is devoted to the numerical study of magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) natural convection flow of heat and mass transfer past a plate taking into account viscous dissipation and internal heat generation. The governing equations and the associated boundary conditions for this analysis are made non dimensional forms using a set of dimensionless variables. Thus, the non dimensional governing equations are solved numerically using finite difference method Crank-Nicolson’s scheme. Numerical outcomes are found for different values of the magnetic parameter, Modified Grashof number, Prandtl number, Eckert number, heat generation parameter and Schmidt number for the velocity and the temperature within the boundary layer as well as the skin friction coefficients and the rate of heat and mass transfer along the surface. Results are presented graphically with detailed discussion.
Magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection flow and boundary layer control of a nan...IAEME Publication
This research work is focused on the numerical solution of steady MHD mixed convection boundary layer flow of a nanofluid over a semi-infinite flat plate with heat generation/absorption and viscous dissipation effects in the presence of suction and injection. Gyarmati’s variational principle developed on the thermodynamic theory of irreversible processes is employed to solve the problem
numerically. The governing boundary layer equations are approximated as simple polynomial functions, and the functional of the variational principle is constructed.
Hydromagnetic Flow of Nanofluids over a Nonlinear Shrinking Surface with Heat...ijtsrd
Heat and mass transfer characteristics of water based nanofluids over a nonlinear shrinking surface with suction is studied numerically in the incidence of magnetic field, thermal radiation under the boundary conditions heat flux and mass flux. Similarity transformations are used to renovate the governing partial differential equations into higher order nonlinear ordinary differential equations. These equations are numerically solved using fourth order Runge Kutta technique along with Nachistem “ Swigert shooting method. Numerical results are achieved for the nanofluid velocity, nanofluid temperature and nanoparticle concentration as well as for the skin friction coefficient, wall temperature and concentration of the wall for various values of governing physical parameters viz. magnetic interaction parameter, suction parameter, shrinking parameter, thermal radiation parameter, temperature ratio parameter and solid volume fraction of the nanoparticles such as copper and silver. Mekala Selvaraj | S. P. Anjali Devi"Hydromagnetic Flow of Nanofluids over a Nonlinear Shrinking Surface with Heat Flux and Mass Flux" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd5793.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/applied-mathamatics/5793/hydromagnetic-flow-of-nanofluids-over-a-nonlinear-shrinking-surface-with-heat-flux-and-mass-flux/mekala-selvaraj
Magnetic field effect on mixed convection flow in a nanofluid under convectiv...IAEME Publication
An analysis is carried out to investigate the influence of the prominent magnetic effect on mixed convection heat and mass transfer in the boundary layer region of a semi-infinite vertical flat plate in a nanofluid under the convective boundary conditions. The transformed boundary layer,ordinary differential equations are solved numerically using Runge-Kutta Fourth order method.
This document summarizes a study on the effects of magnetohydrodynamic mixed convection of a micropolar fluid near a stagnation point on a vertical stretching sheet, accounting for radiation and mass transfer. The governing equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations and solved numerically. Parameters such as material property, radiation, magnetic field, and velocity ratio are varied to analyze their effects on velocity, temperature, concentration, skin friction, heat and mass transfer rates. It is observed that the micropolar fluid can reduce drag forces and act as a cooling agent, and that radiation effects are important for flows at high temperatures.
Entropy generation and heat transfer rate for MHD forced convection of nanoli...Barhm Mohamad
This document summarizes a numerical study that investigates magnetohydrodynamic forced convection of nanofluid in a rectangular channel with an extended surface and three cylindrical blocks. The study examines the effects of Reynolds number, Hartmann number, Eckert number, and nanoparticle volume fraction on temperature distribution, stream function, entropy generation, and mean Nusselt number. Governing equations for steady, incompressible, laminar, two-dimensional flow are presented. Thermophysical properties of water, copper nanoparticles, and the nanofluid are provided.
HYDROMAGNETIC MIXED CONVECTION MICRO POLAR FLOW DRIVEN BY A POROUS STRETCHING...IAEME Publication
We analyze a finite element solution for the magneto hydrodynamics mixed convection micro polar flow through a porous medium driven by a porous stretching sheet with uniform suction. The governing partial differential equations are solved numerically by using finite element technique. The
effect of Hartmann number, Darcy parameter and surface condition on velocity, micro rotation and temperature functions has been study.
Thermal Radiation and Viscous Dissipation Effects on an Oscillatory Heat and ...rahulmonikasharma
An anticipated outcome that is intended chapter is to investigate effects of magnetic field on an oscillatory flow of a viscoelastic fluid with thermal radiation, viscous dissipation with Ohmic heating which bounded by a vertical plane surface, have been studied. Analytical solutions for the quasi – linear hyperbolic partial differential equations are obtained by perturbation technique. Solutions for velocity and temperature distributions are discussed for various values of physical parameters involving in the problem. The effects of cooling and heating of a viscoelastic fluid compared to the Newtonian fluid have been discussed.
This document provides a comprehensive review of natural convection heat transfer in complex enclosure shapes such as rhombic, wavy, trapezoidal, elliptical, and parallelogrammic enclosures. It summarizes recent publications from the last ten years that have investigated parameters like the Rayleigh number, Nusselt number, number of undulations, and position of an inner body. The review concludes with tables that illustrate the major findings of studies on different enclosure shapes, including simple, complex, and annular enclosures, as well as those with an inner body. It recommends that future studies should include entropy generation and investigate inner bodies within trapezoidal and parallelogrammic enclosures further.
Mhd effects on non newtonian micro polar fluid with uniform suctioneSAT Journals
Abstract In this present work, the problem of heat and mass transfer on the flow of Non-newtonian micropolar fluid with uniform suction/blowing with heat generation, radiation, thermophoresis and chemical reaction effects are studied. The non-linear partial differential equation arising from the flow modeling were transformed into coupled non linear ordinary differential equations and subsequently solved by using the implicit finite difference method. The effect of relevant thermo physical parameters such as material parameter K, suction parameter A, heat generation/absorption parameter B, Prandtl number Pr, radiation parameter R, thermophoretic parameter τ, chemical reaction parameter δ , magnetic parameter Ha and Schmidt number Sc are also being numerically investigated and analyzed. Keywords: MHD, micro polar fluid, heat generation, thermophoresis, radiation and finite difference scheme.
Numerical analysis of dynamic viscosity effect associated with a continuously...Alexander Decker
This document presents a numerical study of the effects of varying dynamic viscosity coupled with viscous energy dissipation on convective heat transfer in a fluid-filled rectangular cavity. The cavity contains a continuously moving heated horizontal plate and is bounded by fixed walls. The governing equations for momentum, energy and vorticity are solved using the finite difference method for different fluids at varying dynamic viscosities and heat capacities. The results show that increasing dynamic viscosity decreases velocity and increasing specific heat capacity affects energy distribution and heat transfer rates. These findings provide useful baseline data for manufacturing processes involving continuous moving surfaces like wire drawing and rolling.
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzes the influence of chemical reaction and heat source on MHD free convection boundary layer flow of a radiation absorbing fluid through a porous medium past a semi-infinite vertical plate. The governing equations for momentum, energy and species transport are presented. Dimensionless variables and parameters are introduced. Boundary conditions at the plate and in the free stream are specified. The Rosseland approximation is used to model radiation heat transfer. The effects of various physical parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration fields are studied through graphs.
Effect of Thermo-Diffusion and Chemical Reaction on Mixed Convective Heat And...IJERA Editor
A finite element study of combined heat and mass transfer flow through a porous medium in a circular cylindrical annulus with Soret and Dufour effects in the presence of heat sources has been analyzed. The coupled velocity, energy, and diffusion equations are solved numerically by using Galerkin- finite element technique. Shear stress, Nusslet number and Sherwood number are evaluated numerically for different values of the governing parameters under consideration and are shown in tabular form.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Effects of Thermal Radiation and Chemical Reaction on MHD Free Convection Flo...IJERA Editor
This paper analyzes the radiation and chemical reaction effects on MHD steady two-dimensional laminar
viscous incompressible radiating boundary layer flow over a flat plate in the presence of internal heat generation
and convective boundary condition. It is assumed that lower surface of the plate is in contact with a hot fluid
while a stream of cold fluid flows steadily over the upper surface with a heat source that decays exponentially.
The Rosseland approximation is used to describe radiative heat transfer as we consider optically thick fluids.
The governing boundary layer equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using
similarity transformations, which are then solved numerically by employing fourth order Runge-Kutta method
along with shooting technique. The effects of various material parameters on the velocity, temperature and
concentration as well as the skin friction coefficient, the Nusselt number, the Sherwood number and the plate
surface temperature are illustrated and interpreted in physical terms. A comparison of present results with
previously published results shows an excellent agreement.
28Dufour effect on radiative effect flow and heat transfer over a vertically ...IRJET Journal
The document discusses radiative heat transfer over a vertically oscillating porous flat plate embedded in a porous medium with an oscillating surface temperature. It presents the governing equations for momentum, energy and concentration of the two-dimensional flow. Dimensionless parameters are introduced and the equations are non-dimensionalized. Parameters like the Darcy number, radiation parameter, magnetic parameter, Dufour number, Grashof numbers and others are defined. The effects of these parameters on velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are analyzed through graphs.
THE EFFECT OF TRANSVERSE VIBRATION ON THE NATURAL CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER IN...IAEME Publication
The effect of transverse vibration on the natural convection heat transfer in a
rectangular enclosure with an aspect ratio of 0.5 filled with air as a working fluid
aligned horizontally on a mechanical shaker generating a sinusoidal transverse
vibrational displacement was studied experimentally. The study was carried for a
Raghiely number between (3.77 - 10.8)*107 with applied heat flux between (20 - 45)
Watt. The vibrational experimental measurements were carried out for different
frequency ratio (0.87-1.6) and vibrational Rayleigh number ranged between (0.12 -
2.7)*107. The results of the heat transfer inside the enclosure without vibration show
a very close agreement with the published one. The vibrational heat transfer results
show that the behavior of different heat transfer convection parameters can be
affected by applying a forced vibration condition. It is shown that the high heat
transfer can be achieved at frequencies near to the system natural frequency at
constant heat flux. Also, it is concluded that a careful attention should be given to the
proper selection of heat flux and frequency ratio results in obtaining maximum values
of heat transfer parameters with low cost of power consumption.
The present study analyzes the steady boundary layer slip flow of magneto-nanofluid due to an exponentially permeable stretching sheet with heat generation/absorption. In this paper, the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis on heat transfer and nanoparticle volume friction are considered. Using shooting technique along with fourth-order Runge-Kutta method the transformed equations are solved. The study reveals that the governing parameters, namely, the magnetic parameter, wall mass suction parameter, Prandtl number, the Lewis number, slip parameter, heat generation/absorption parameter, Brownian motion parameter, and thermophoresis parameter, have major effects on the flow field, the heat transfer, and the nanoparticle volume fraction as well as skin friction, local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number has been discussed in detail.
Similar to Viscous and Ohmic Heating Effects on Hydromagnetic Convective Radiative Boundary Layer Flow Due to a Permeable Shrinking Surface with Internal Heat Generation (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
Viscous and Ohmic Heating Effects on Hydromagnetic Convective Radiative Boundary Layer Flow Due to a Permeable Shrinking Surface with Internal Heat Generation
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD30524 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 3 | March-April 2020 Page 489
pipe ends with Trio coating. Proper application of the
shrinking sheet provides excellent tightening of the sheet
around the entire circumference of the field welded pipe
end good adhesion to the steel pipe and to the industrial
coating, as well as a uniform thickness. In the past few
years much attention has been focused for the study of
different types of flow and heat transfer over a shrinking
sheet for various fluids due to its numerous applications.
In contrast to stretching sheet, for the shrinking case, the
velocity on the boundary is towards a fixed point. It is also
shown that the mass suction is required generally to
maintain the flow over the shrinking sheet.
Unlike the linear/nonlinear stretching sheet problem, only
little work has been done on boundary layer flow and heat
transfer induced by a shrinking sheet. This peculiar work
started from Micklavcic and Wang [12] to investigate the
flow over a shrinking sheet. Hayat et al. [13] reported the
analytical solution of magneto hydrodynamic flow of
second grade fluid over a shrinking sheet. Sajid et al. [14]
analyzed rotating flow of a viscous fluid over a shrinking
sheet under the influence of transverse magnetic field. Yao
and Chen [15] examined analytical solution branch for the
Blasius equation with a shrinking sheet. Thermal
boundary layer over a shrinking sheet was investigated by
Fang and Zhang [16] for prescribed power law wall
temperature and power law wall heat flux case. Later, the
effects of suction/blowing on steady boundary layer
stagnation point flow and heat transfer towards a
shrinking sheet with thermal radiation was carried out by
Bhattacharyya and Layek [17]. Effects of heat source/sink
on MHD flow and heat transfer over a shrinking sheet with
mass suction was analyzed by Bhattacharyya [18].
Javed et al. [19] analyzed the viscous dissipation effect on
steady hydromagnetic viscous fluid for nonlinear
shrinking sheet. Rohini et al. [20] reported on boundary
layer flow and heat transfer over an exponentially
shrinking vertical sheet with suction. Nonlinear radiation
effects on hydromagnetic boundary layer flow and heat
transfer over a shrinking surface was analyzed by Anjali
Devi and Wilfred Samuel Raj [21]. MHD flow over a
permeable stretching/shrinking sheet was studied by
Sandeep and Sulochana [22]. Soid et al. [23] presented
unsteady MHD flow over a shrinking sheet with Ohmic
heating. Ismail et al. [24] made stability analysis of
unsteady MHD stagnation point flow and heat transfer
over a shrinking sheet in the presence of viscous
dissipation.
To the best of author’s knowledge, no studies have been
made so far to analyze the effects of viscous and Ohmic
heating on MHD boundary layer flow with heat transfer
over a linearly shrinking surface in the presence of
radiation and internal heat generation. . Highly nonlinear
momentum and thermal boundary layer partial
differential equations are converted into nonlinear
ordinary differential equations using similarity
transformations. Later the resultant boundary value
problem is converted into initial value problem using the
efficient Nachtsheim Swigert shooting iteration scheme
which works very well in the case of asymptotic boundary
conditions and the numerical solutions are obtained using
Runge Kutta Fourth Order method. A parametric study
illustrating the influence of various physical parameters
on the velocity, temperature, skin friction coefficient and
dimensionless rate of heat transfer is conducted.
2. Mathematical Formulation
The problem under investigation comprises a nonlinear,
steady, two- dimensional boundary layer forced
convection flow of a viscous, incompressible, electrically
conducting and radiating fluid over a linear shrinking
surface under the influence of uniform transverse
magnetic field of strength B0. The sheet coincides with the
plane y = 0 and the flow is confined in the region y > 0. The
x and y axes are taken along and perpendicular to the
sheet respectively. A schematic diagram of the problem is
given in Figure 1. In the present analysis, x axis is chosen
along the shrinking surface in the direction opposite to the
motion of the sheet and y axis is taken normal to the
surface.
The properties of the fluid are kept constant.
Magnetic Reynolds number is assumed to be small so
that the induced magnetic field produced by the
motion of electrically conducting fluid is negligible.
Since the flow is steady, curl E = 0. Also div E = 0 in the
absence of surface charge density. Hence E = 0 is
assumed.
The heat transfer takes place in the presence of
viscous and Ohmic heating, internal heat generation
and thermal radiation.
The fluid is considered to be viscous, incompressible,
electrically conducting, gray, absorbing and emitting
radiation but non-scattering medium.
The radiative heat flux in the energy equation is
described using Rosseland approximation and it is
assumed to be negligible in x direction when
compared to that in the y direction.
Figure1. Schematic diagram of the problem
From the above assumptions and the boundary layer
approximations, the equations based on law of
conservation of mass, momentum and energy can be
written as follows:
0
y
v
x
u
(1)
u
B
y
u
y
u
v
x
u
u
2
0
2
2
(2)
3. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD30524 | Volume – 4 | Issue – 3 | March-April 2020 Page 490
22
0
2
2
2
uB
y
u
TTQ
y
q
y
T
k
y
T
v
x
T
uC r
p
)(
(3)
where u and v are the flow velocities along the x and y
axes, respectively, ν is the kinematic viscosity, σ is
electrical conductivity of the fluid, B0 is the magnetic field,
ρ is the fluid density, Cp is the specific heat at constant
pressure, T is the fluid temperature, k is the thermal
conductivity of the fluid, T∞ is temperature of the fluid far
away from the sheet, μ is the coefficient of viscosity, qr is
the radiative heat flux and Q is the volumetric rate of heat
generation.
By using the Rosseland approximation, [Brewster [25]],
the radiative heat flux is given by
y
T
k
qr
4
3
4
*
*
(4)
where σ* is the Stefan Boltzmann constant and k* denotes
the mean absorption coefficient. It should be noted that by
using the Rosseland approximation, the present analysis is
limited to optically thick fluids.
If temperature differences within the flow are sufficiently
small, then equation (4) can be linearized by expanding T 4
in Taylor series about T∞ [Raptis et al. [26]], which after
neglecting higher order terms take the form
434
34 TTTT (5)
Using equations (4) and (5), equation (3) reduces to
22
0
2
2
23
2
2
3
16
uB
y
u
TTQ
y
T
k
T
y
T
k
y
T
v
x
T
uCp
)(
*
*
(6)
The boundary condition subjected to the velocity and
temperature are given by
u = uw(x)= - ax , v =- v0 , T=Tw(x) = T∞ + Ax2 at y = 0 (7)
u → 0, T → T∞ as y → ∞ (8)
where uw is the shrinking sheet velocity, a > 0 is a
dimensional constant called as shrinking rate, v0 is the
constant suction velocity, Tw is the variable wall
temperature, T∞ is the temperature outside the dynamic
region. The constant A depends on thermal property of the
fluid.
2.1. Flow and heat transfer analysis
To facilitate the analysis, the following similarity
transformations are introduced
a
y ,
2
1
Fxayx )(),( (9)
The horizontal and vertical velocity components are given
by,
,)(
Fxa
y
u
)(
Fa
x
v
(10)
Equation (10) automatically satisfies the continuity
equation (1). Substituting equation (10), the momentum
equation (2) reduces to the following nonlinear ordinary
differential equation
022
FMFFFF )()( (11)
with the corresponding boundary conditions
F(η) = S, 1 )(F at η =0 and
0)( F as η → ∞ (12)
In terms of the dimensionless temperature,
2
xA
TT
(13)
the energy equation (6) reduces to the ordinary
differential equation
222
2
3
43
)()(
Pr
FMFEcHsFF
Rd
Rd
(14)
The corresponding thermal boundary conditions become
θ (η) = 1 at η = 0 and θ (η) → 0 as η → ∞ (15)
In the above equation,
d
Fd
F and
d
d
, S, ,2
M Pr , Rd ,
Hs, Ec denote the Suction parameter, Magnetic parameter,
Prandtl number, Radiation parameter, Heat generation
parameter and Eckert number respectively. They are
defined as
a
v
S 0 , ,
a
B
M
2
02
k
C
rP
p
,
3
4
T
kk
Rd
*
*
,
pCa
Q
Hs
,
AC
a
Ec
p
2
.
2.1.1. Skin friction coefficient and Non-dimensional
rate of heat transfer
The important physical quantity of interest is skin friction
coefficient Cf , which is defined as
22
/w
w
f
u
C
and the
wall shear stress appeared in the above is given by
0
y
w
y
u
After using the dimensionless quantities given by equation
(10), the skin friction coefficient is obtained as follows:
0
2
F
fC
x Re (16)
Non-dimensional rate of heat transfer in terms of local
Nusselt number is given by
)(
TTk
qx
Nu
w
w
x where
0
y
rw q
y
T
kq is the net
heat flux at the wall.
The local Nusselt number is obtained as
)(
Re
0
3
4
1
Rd
Nu
x
x (17)
where
2
xa
eR x is the local Reynolds number.
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3. Numerical solution
Numerical solution of MHD boundary layer forced
convection flow over a shrinking surface in the presence of
uniform magnetic field, radiation, internal heat generation,
viscous and Ohmic heating effects is obtained. The third
order momentum equation and second order energy
equation is reduced into a system of five first order
ordinary differential equations. To solve this system of
equations, five initial conditions are needed of which
)0(F and )0( are not known. These unknown values are
obtained using Nachtsheim Swigert shooting iteration
scheme. The essence of the shooting method to solve a
boundary value problem is to convert it into a system of
initial value problems. Once all the initial values are
known, the system of first order differential equations is
then solved using Fourth Order Runge Kutta method. In
order to access the accuracy of the numerical results
obtained, the validity of the numerical code developed has
been checked for a limiting case and are shown in graphs.
Numerical results are obtained for the range of values of
Suction parameter, Magnetic parameter, Prandtl number,
Radiation parameter, Heat generation parameter and
Eckert number.
4. Analytical Solution
The analytical solution of the problem is obtained in order
to inspect the accuracy of numerical results.
4.1. Momentum and Energy equation
The analytical solution of equation (11) is of the form
)()(
eSF 1
1
and
eF )( (18)
where .
)(
2
14 22
MSS
To solve equation (14), introduce a new variable
e
P
2
. Now, the energy equation becomes
)()( 22
2
202
2
21 M
P
Ec
P
d
d
a
d
d
(19)
where )( 22
20 M
P
a
and
43
3
Rd
Rd
P
Pr
.
Subsequently, the corresponding boundary conditions
take the form
1
2
P
and θ (ξ = 0) = 0 (20)
Utilizing Kummer’s function, the solution of equation (19)
is attained in terms of ξ in the presence of viscous
dissipation, Joules dissipation, radiation and internal
generation as
2
20
00
00
1 1
2
42 Cb
ba
ba
C
;,)(
In terms of similarity variable η, the analytical solution of
energy equation is specified as
2
2
22
20
00
00
1 1
2
42
e
P
C
e
P
b
ba
ba
eC ;,)(
(21)
where );,( xba is the confluent hypergeometric function
of first kind. The constants involved in the solution can be
represented as shown below
),( 22
20 M
P
a
,
2
2
00
4
P
ab
20
00
4
2
2
1
1
2
4
1
P
b
ba
P
C
C
;,
and
20
222
2
24
P
aP
MEc
C
)(
.
In the absence of magnetic field, radiation, internal heat
generation, viscous and Ohmic heating effects, the
analytical solutions obtained above are identical to the
closed form solution of Fang and Zhang [16].
5. Results and discussion
In order to gain the physical insight of the problem,
velocity and temperature distribution have been discussed
by assigning various numerical values to the physical
parameters encountered in the problem. The numerical
results are tabulated and displayed with the graphical
illustrations. Fourth Order Runge Kutta based Nachtsheim
Swigert shooting iteration scheme is used to find the
numerical solution. Comparison of the numerical results
obtained has been made with the existing literature and
are found to be in good agreement.
Figure 2 illustrates the comparison graph for
dimensionless temperature for different values of Prandtl
number. It is observed from the figure that the present
results for dimensionless temperature when the shrinking
surface has constant temperature are identical to that of
Bhattacharyya [18] in the absence of Radiation parameter
and Eckert number.
Figure 2. Comparison graph showing dimensionless
temperature for various Pr
5.1. Effect of physical parameters over Velocity
distribution and skin friction coefficient
Figure 3 discloses the effect of Suction parameter over the
velocity distribution. It is noted that the longitudinal
0 4 8 12 16
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
S = 2.0
M2
= 4.0
Hs- 0.5
Rd = 109
Ec = 0.0
Pr = 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.5
Present result
Bhattacharyya (18)
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velocity is accelerated by the influence of Suction
parameter and consequently, the momentum boundary
layer thickness decreases.
Figure 3. Effect of Suction parameter over the
dimensionless velocity
Figure 4. Effect of Magnetic parameter over the
dimensionless velocity
Figure 5. Effect of Magnetic parameter over
skin friction coefficient
Variation in dimensionless longitudinal velocity for
various values of Magnetic parameter is portrayed in
Figure 4. The effect of Magnetic parameter is to accelerate
the dimensionless longitudinal velocity. This happens due
to Lorentz force arising from the interaction of magnetic
and electric fields during the motion of electrically
conducting fluid. The momentum boundary layer
thickness is reduced consequently.
Figure 5 portrays the effect of Magnetic parameter over
the skin friction coefficient against Suction parameter. The
skin friction at the shrinking sheet is felt more for higher
values of Magnetic parameter. It is noted from the figure
that the skin friction coefficient ascends as the Suction
parameter along the horizontal axis increases.
5.2. Effect of physical parameters on Temperature
distribution
The increase in magnitude of Suction parameter is to
decrease the temperature of the fluid is depicted in Figure
6. Further, the thermal boundary layer thickness declines
as the Suction parameter increases. The temperature at
the wall is found to be higher than temperature away from
the wall.
Figure 7 implies that the temperature is suppressed owing
to the increase in value of Magnetic parameter. It is further
noted that the thickness of thermal boundary layer
diminishes with an enhancement of Magnetic parameter.
Figure 6. Dimensionless temperature profiles
for various values of S
Figure 7. Dimensionless temperature profiles
for various values of M2
The dimensionless temperature distribution for various
values of Prandtl number is highlighted in Figure 8. As
Prandtl number increases, the thermal diffusivity
decreases which reduces the energy transfer ability. Hence
an increase in Prandtl number values leads to the decrease
in temperature and the thickness of the thermal boundary
layer becomes thin. Figure 9 represents the dimensionless
temperature for various values of Heat generation
parameter. In the presence of Heat generation parameter,
it can be seen that heat energy is generated in thermal
boundary layer which cause the temperature to increase
with an enhancement in the value of Heat generation
parameter.
0 1 2 3 4 5
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
-0.0
F'
()
S = 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0
M2
= 1
0 1 2 3 4 5
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
-0.0
F'
()
S = 2.5
M2
= 0.0, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0
2 4 6 8 10
S
0
3
6
9
12
F''
(0)
M2
= 0.0, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0
0 2 4 6 8 10
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
()
S = 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0
M2
= 1.0
Pr = 0.71
Hs0.1
Rd = 2.0
Ec = 0.01
0 2 4 6 8 10
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
()
M2
= 0.0, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.0
S = 2.5
Pr = 0.71
Hs0.1
Rd = 2.0
Ec = 0.01
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Figure 8. Dimensionless temperature profiles
for various values of Pr
Figure 9. Dimensionless temperature profiles
for various values of Hs
Figure 10. Dimensionless temperature profiles
for various values of Rd
Figure 11. Dimensionless temperature profiles
For various values of Ec
Table1. Skin friction coefficient )0(F for
different values of S
S M2 Present result Bhattacharyya [18]
2.0
3.0
4.0
2.0
2.414214
3.302775
4.236068
2.414300
3.302750
4.236099
Table2. Comparison of numerical and
analytical values of )0(F
S M2
Numerical
Method
Analytical
Method
2.0
2.5
3.0
4.0
4.5
1.0
2.000000
2.500000
3.000000
4.000000
4.500000
2.00000
2.50000
3.00000
4.00000
4.50000
2.5
0.0
1.0
3.0
5.0
2.001000
2.500000
3.137459
3.608849
2.00000
2.50000
3.13750
3.60850
Table3. Comparison of numerical and analytical
results of - )0( for various physical parameters with
S = 2.5, M2 = 1.0, Pr = 0.71, Hs = 0.05, Rd = 2.0, Ec = 0.01
Physical parameters
Numerical
Method
Analytical
Method
S
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
0.281597
0.638486
0.932549
1.198544
1.449131
0.281597
0.638486
0.932550
1.198550
1.449131
M2
0.0
1.0
3.0
5.0
7.0
0.554714
0.638486
0.706830
0.742207
0.765438
0.554715
0.638486
0.706830
0.742208
0.765438
Pr
0.71
1.00
1.50
2.30
7.00
0.638486
0.962278
1.565711
2.608395
9.338060
0.638486
0.962279
1.565710
2.608390
9.338060
Hs
0.00
0.05
0.08
0.10
0.30
0.667866
0.638486
0.619929
0.607121
0.449650
0.667866
0.638486
0.619930
0.607121
0.449650
Rd
1.0
2.0
3.0
5.0
109
0.427164
0.638486
0.757715
0.886851
1.177781
0.427165
0.638486
0.757716
0.886852
1.177780
Ec
0.01
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
0.638486
0.514117
0.383203
0.252288
0.121374
0.638486
0.514117
0.383203
0.252289
0.121375
0 2 4 6 8 10
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
()
Pr = 0.71, 1.0, 1.5, 2.3, 7.0
S = 2.5
M2
= 1.0
Hs0.1
Rd = 2.0
Ec = 0.01
0 2 4 6 8 10
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
()
S = 2.5
M2
= 1.0
Pr = 0.71
Rd = 2.0
Ec = 0.01
Hs = 0, 0.05, 0.08, 0.1, 0.3
0 2 4 6 8 10
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
()
S = 2.5
M2
= 1.0
Pr = 0.71
Hs0.1
Ec = 0.01
Rd = 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 109
0 2 4 6 8 10
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
()
S = 2.5
M2
= 1.0
Pr = 0.71
Hs0.1
Rd = 2.0
Ec = 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4
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Figure 10 elucidates the effect of Radiation parameter on
temperature distribution. It is evident that the effect of
Radiation parameter is to lower the temperature for its
ascending values with higher temperature at the wall. It is
clearly seen that the Radiation parameter decreases the
thermal boundary layer thickness. The radiation should be
at its minimum in order to facilitate the cooling process.
Figure 11 portrays the temperature distribution for
various values of Eckert number. It is evident that the
thermal boundary layer is broadened as a result of step up
in the values of Eckert number, which conveys the fact that
the dissipative energy becomes more important with an
enhancement in temperature.
To validate the solution obtained numerically, the
numerical values of Skin friction coefficient for different
values of S are compared with the results obtained by
Bhattacharyya [18] and are shown in Table 1. Good
agreement is observed between these two results.
Table4. Non-dimensional rate of heat transfer for
various physical parameters
S M2 Pr Hs Rd Ec
𝑵𝒖 𝒙
𝑹𝒆 𝒙
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
1.0 0.71 0.1 2.0 0.01 0.375393
1.011869
1.517016
1.968265
2.390873
2.5 0.0
1.0
3.0
5.0
7.0
0.71 0.1 2.0 0.01 0.864323
1.011869
1.130880
1.192080
1.232134
2.5 1.0 0.71
1.00
1.50
2.30
7.00
0.1 2.0 0.01 1.011869
1.551747
2.558023
4.297410
15.521040
2.5 1.0 0.71 0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
2.0 0.01 1.113110
1.011869
0.894230
0.749416
0.544803
2.5 1.0 0.71 0.1 1.0
2.0
3.0
5.0
109
0.01 0.922676
1.011869
1.049265
1.083753
1.146642
2.5 1.0 0.71 0.1 2.0 0.01
0.05
0.10
0.20
0.40
1.011869
0.967961
0.913078
0.803313
0.583780
In order to ensure the accuracy of numerical scheme, the
numerical and analytical values of )(0F and - )(0 for
various physical parameters are compared and elucidated
in Tables 2 and 3 respectively. The table values show that
the numerical results are in excellent agreement with the
analytical results obtained.
The numerical values of non-dimensional rate of heat
transfer for various physical parameters are displayed in
Table 4. From Table 4, it is inferred that the increasing
values of the Suction parameter, Magnetic parameter and
Prandtl number increases the non-dimensional rate of
heat transfer. It is further noted that the dimensionless
rate of heat transfer increases due to increasing effect of
Radiation parameter whereas it gets reduced due to
increasing Heat generation parameter and Eckert number.
6. Conclusion
A numerical study has been conducted on MHD flow and
thermal transport characteristics over a shrinking surface
in the presence of energy dissipation due to Joule heating
and viscous dissipation, heat generation and thermal
radiation. The Rosseland diffusion flux model has been
used to simulate the radiative heat flux. A parametric
study is performed to illustrate the influence of physical
parameters on velocity and temperature distributions.
Numerical results are obtained for skin friction coefficient
as well as local Nusselt number for some values of
governing parameters. The numerical scheme applied is
validated by comparing the numerical results obtained
with the results found using analytical method. In the
absence of radiation and dissipation effects (Rd = 109,
Ec = 0.0) , the author’s results for constant temperature
are identical to that of Bhattacharyya [18]. All the profiles
tend to zero asymptotically which satisfies the far field
boundary conditions. Some of the important findings
drawn from the present analysis are listed as follows:
The longitudinal velocity accelerates due to the
increasing values of Suction parameter. When the
shrinking surface is prescribed with no uniform
temperature the Suction parameter diminishes the
temperature and hence its boundary layer thickness
also decreases. Moreover, the increasing effect of
Suction parameter is to enhance the dimensionless
rate of heat transfer.
The increasing effect of Magnetic parameter is to
accelerate the dimensionless longitudinal velocity and
skin friction coefficient. The temperature of the fluid is
suppressed when the strength of the Magnetic
parameter is high whereas it enhances the non-
dimensional rate of heat transfer.
The increasing effect of Prandtl number is to reduce
the temperature of the fluid and hence the thermal
boundary layer thickness becomes thinner. More
amount of heat is transferred from the surface due to
increase in Prandtl number.
Increase in magnitude of Heat generation parameter is
to generate temperature and decrease the thermal
boundary layer thickness. The dimensionless rate of
heat transferred to the fluid is observed to be less
when the influence of Heat generation parameter is
high.
The rise in the value of Radiation parameter
diminishes the temperature of the fluid and hence
reduction in the thermal boundary layer thickness is
observed. The dimensionless rate of heat transfer is
more due to the significant effect of Radiation
parameter.
The energy dissipation (being indicated by Eckert
number) due to Joule heating and viscous dissipation
has the tendency to thicken the thermal boundary
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layer, so as to raise the temperature and reduce the
dimensionless heat transfer rate from the surface.
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