The document discusses various analog and digital video interfaces. It describes common analog video interfaces like composite video, S-video, component video and RGB analog video. It then covers digital video interfaces such as HDMI, DVI, FireWire, S/PDIF and SDI. For each interface, it provides details on technical standards, maximum supported resolutions and example uses.

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2. Video interface
Digital Video
 HDMI
 DVI
 IEEE 1934
 SPDIF (audio)
 SDI
Analog Video
 Composite video
 S-video
 Component video

3. Analog Video
 Composite video (CVBS)
 S-video (Y/C)
 Component video
Composite video is the format of an analog television (picture
only) signal before it is combined with a sound signal and
modulated onto an RF carrier. It is usually in a standard format
such as NTSC, PAL, or SECAM. It is a composite of three source
signals called Y, U and V (together referred to as YUV) with
sync pulses.

4. Separate video, abbreviated S-Video and also known as Y/C (or erroneously, S-VHS
and "super video") is an analog video signal that carries the video data as two
separate signals (brightness and color), unlike composite video which carries the
entire set of signals in one signal line. S-Video, as most commonly implemented,
carries high-bandwidth 480i or 576i resolution video, i.e. standard definition video.
It does not carry audio on the same cable.
Analog Video
 Composite video (CVBS)
 S-video (Y/C)
 Component video
S-Video (S for Separate) is another type of component video signal (transferring
Y'UV when used for PAL video and Y'IQ when used for NTSC video), because the
luma (Y') and chroma (UV or IQ) signals are transmitted on separate wires. This
connection type, however, cannot produce high definition pictures with more than
480 interlaced lines of video for NTSC or more than 576 lines of interlaced video
for PAL.

5. Analog Video
 Composite video (CVBS)
 S-video (Y/C)
 Component video
Component video is a video signal that has been split into two or more
components. In popular use, it refers to a type of analog video information that
is transmitted or stored as three separate signals. Component video can be
contrasted with composite video (such as NTSC or PAL) in which all the video
information is combined into a single line level signal. Increasingly, analog
component video connections are being superseded by digital component video
connections based on the DVI and HDMI standards.
Y'PbPr Analog Component Video
RGB Analog Component Video

6. RGB Analog Component Video
The various RGB (Red, Green, Blue) analogue component video standards (e.g. RGBS, RGBHV)
typically offer the best analogue video signals available in consumer electronics. RGB uses no
compression and offers no real limit in color depth or resolution. Most modern computers offer
this signal via the VGA port. Many televisions, especially in Europe and Japan, utilize RGB via the
SCART connector. All arcade games, excepting early vector and black and white games, use RGB
monitors.
 composite sync, where the horizontal and vertical signals are on one wire (RGBS)
 separate sync, where the horizontal and vertical are on one wire each (RGBHV)
 sync on green, where a composite sync signal is overlayed on the green wire (SoG or RGsB)
Analog Video
 Composite video (CVBS)
 S-video (Y/C)
 Component video

7. Y'PbPr or Y‘CbCr Analog Component Video
Further types of component analogue video signals do not use R,G,B components but
rather a colorless component, termed luma, combined with one or more color-
carrying components, termed chroma, that give only color information. Both the S-
Video component video output (two separate signals) and the Y'PbPr component
video output (three separate signals) seen on DVD players are examples of this
method.
Analog Video
 Composite video (CVBS)
 S-video (Y/C)
 Component video

8. Digital Video
 HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface)
 DVI (Digital Video Interface)
 IEEE 1934 (FireWire)
 SPDIF (Sony Philips Digital Interface)
 SDI
The High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) is an all-digital audio/video interface
capable of transmitting uncompressed streams. HDMI is compatible with HDCP Digital
Rights Management technology. HDMI provides an interface between any compatible
digital audio/video source, such as a set-top box, a DVD player, a PC, a video game
system, or an AV receiver and a compatible digital audio and/or video monitor, such as a
digital television (DTV).

9. Digital Visual Interface (DVI) is a video interface standard
designed to maximize the visual quality of digital display
devices such as flat panel LCD computer displays and
digital projectors. It was developed by an industry
consortium, the Digital Display Working Group (DDWG). It
is designed primarily for carrying uncompressed digital
video data to a display. It is partially compatible with the
HDMI standard.
Digital Video
 HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface)
 DVI (Digital Video Interface)
 IEEE 1934 (FireWire)
 SPDIF (Sony Philips Digital Interface)
 SDI

10. Digital Video
 HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface)
 DVI (Digital Video Interface)
 IEEE 1934 (FireWire)
 SPDIF (Sony Philips Digital Interface)
 SDI
FireWire is Apple Inc.'s proprietary name for the IEEE 1394 interface (and also in the
UK a colloquial industrial term for 'LHDC' (linear heat detecting cable) used in high
integrity fire detection systems). It is also known as i.Link (Sony’s name) or IEEE 1394
(although the 1394 standard also defines a backplane interface). It is a personal
computer (and digital audio/digital video) serial bus interface standard, offering high-
speed communications and isochronous real-time data services. FireWire has replaced
Parallel SCSI in many applications due to lower implementation costs and a simplified,
more adaptable cabling system. IEEE 1394 has been adopted as the High Definition
Audio-Video Network Alliance (HANA) standard connection interface for A/V component
communication and control[citation needed]. FireWire is also available in wireless, Fiber
optic and coaxial versions using the isochronous protocols.

11. S/PDIF is a collection of hardware and low-level protocol specifications for
carrying digital audio signals between devices and stereo components. The
name stands for Sony/Philips Digital Interface Format, the two companies
being the primary designers of the S/PDIF format. It is more recently part
of a larger collection of standards IEC-60958 (often referred to as
AES/EBU), where it is known as IEC-958 type II. S/PDIF is essentially a
minor modification of the original AES/EBU standard for consumer use,
providing small differences in the protocol and requiring less expensive
hardware.
Digital Video
 HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface)
 DVI (Digital Video Interface)
 IEEE 1934 (FireWire)
 SPDIF (Sony Philips Digital Interface) (audio only)
 SDI

12. The Serial Digital Interface (SDI), standardized in ITU-R BT.656 and SMPTE 259M, is
a digital video interface used for broadcast-grade video. A related standard, known
as High Definition Serial Digital Interface (HD-SDI), is standardized in SMPTE 292M;
this provides a nominal data rate of 1.485 Gbit/s.
Digital Video
 HDMI (High Definition Multimedia Interface)
 DVI (Digital Video Interface)
 IEEE 1934 (FireWire)
 SPDIF (Sony Philips Digital Interface)
 SDI
Standard Name Bitrates Example Video Formats
SMPTE 259M SD-SDI
270 Mbit/s, 360 Mbit/s,
143 Mbit/s, and 177 Mbit/s
480i, 576i
SMPTE 344M 540 Mbit/s 480p, 576p
SMPTE 292M HD-SDI
1.485 Gbit/s, and
1.485/1.001 Gbit/s
720p, 1080i
SMPTE 372M Dual Link HD-SDI
2.970 Gbit/s, and
2.970/1.001 Gbit/s
1080p
SMPTE 424M 3G-SDI
2.970 Gbit/s, and
2.970/1.001 Gbit/s
1080p

13. Video Definition standard
Computer Standard
QVGA , VGA , SVGA , XGA , XGA+ , SXGA , SXGA+ , UXGA , QXGA , QSXGA ,
QUXGA , HXGA , HSXGA , HUXGA
Television standard
NTSC , PAL , SECAM , 576i , 576p , 720p , 1080p , 1080i

14. Designation Usage examples Definition (lines)
Rate (Hz)
Interlaced (fields)
Progressive
(frames)
Low; MP@LL LDTV, VCD 240; 288 (SIF) 24, 30; 25
Standard; MP@ML
SDTV, SVCD,
DVD, DV
480 (NTSC, PAL-M) 60 24, 30
576 (PAL, SECAM) 50 25
Enhanced EDTV 480; 576 60; 50
High; MP@HL
HDTV, HD DVD,
Blu-ray Disc,
HDV
720 24, 30, 60; 25, 50
1080 50, 60 24, 30; 25
Television standard
NTSC , PAL , SECAM , 576i , 576p , 720p , 1080p , 1080i

16. Computer Standard
VGA Video Graphics Array
640×480
640×350
320×200
720×400 (text)
4:3
64:35
16:10
9:5
4 bpp
4 bpp
4/8 bpp
4 bpp
SVGA Super VGA 800×600 4:3 4 bpp
XGA Extended Graphics Array
1024×768
640×480
4:3
4:3
8 bpp
16 bpp
QVGA Quarter VGA 320×240 4:3
QQVGA Quarter QVGA 160×120 4:3
WXGA
Widescreen Extended Graphics
Array
1280×720 or 1280x800
16:9 or
16:10
32 bpp
SXGA Super XGA 1280×1024 5:4 32 bpp
WSXGA, or
WXGA+
Widescreen Extended Graphics
Array PLUS
1440×900 16:10 32 bpp
UXGA Ultra XGA 1600×1200 4:3 32 bpp
WUXGA
Widescreen Ultra Extended
Graphics Array
1920×1200 16:10 32 bpp

18. Composite video (CVBS)
S-video (Y/C)
Y'PbPr Component Video
RGB Analog Video
Maximum Resolution
576i (768 x 576)
576i (768 x 576)
720p (1280 x 720)
1600 x 1200 +

19. Maximum Resolution
2560 × 1600
2560 × 1600
HD-SDI 1080i (1920 x 1080)
3G-SDI 1080P (1920 x 1080)