This document describes the design and fabrication of a Savonius windmill. It discusses the objectives of generating electric power through wind energy conversion. It outlines the working principle, methodology, operation, power generation capabilities, materials used, design, budget, applications, advantages, future applications and conclusions of the project. The summaries provide an overview of the key topics and purpose covered in the document.

1. DESIGN AND FABRICATION:
ABRAR BASHA S
DILLS JOSEPH
FRANCIS JOSE
GIGEESH P S
PROJECT GUIDE:
MR.R.KRISHNAKUMAR
M.E.,(Ass. Professor )

2. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• WORKING PRINCIPLE
• METHODOLOGY
• OPERATION
• POWER AND ROTATIONAL SPEED
• MATERIALS REQUIRED
• DESIGN
• BUDGET
• USES
• ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
• FUTURE APPLICATIONS
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCE
• QUERY

3. INTRODUCTION
 The objective of this project is to generate electric
power through the fabrication of Savonius wind mill.
 A wind turbine is a machine that converts the kinetic
energy in wind into mechanical energy.
 If the mechanical energy is used directly by
machinery, such as a pump or grinding stones, the
machine is usually called a windmill.

4.  The Savonius rotor is S-shaped .
 All of these designs turn relatively slowly, but yield a
high torque.
 They can be useful for grinding grain, pumping water,
and many other tasks; but are not good for generating
large amounts of electricity.
 One might use a gearbox, but then efficiency suffers
and the machine may not start at all easily.
 This project is designed with Wind mill arrangement,
Dynamo, and Battery.

5. WORKING PRINCIPLE

6. Wind mill arrangement is the mechanical arrangements
which are easily rotated.
 The rotating speed is depends upon the wind strength.
 The wind mill arrangement is coupled with the
dynamo. So whenever the wind mill is rotated due to
wind, the dynamo also rotated.
 The electric power is generated in the dynamo.
 The generated electric power is given to battery
through the charging circuit.

7. METHODOLOGY

8. DESIGNING OF VAWT
ASSEMBLY
MACHINING
INSPECTION
PURCHASE OF
COMPONENTS
ANALYSIS
FINAL PRODUCT

9. OPERATION

10.  The Savonius turbine is one of the simplest turbines.
 Aerodynamically, it is a drag-type device, consisting of two
or three scoops.
 Looking down on the rotor from above, a two-scoop
machine would look like an "S" shape in cross section.
 Because of the curvature, the scoops experience less drag
when moving against the wind than when moving with the
wind.
 The differential drag causes the Savonius turbine to spin.

11.  Because they are drag-type devices, Savonius turbines
extract much less of the wind's power than other
similarly-sized lift-type turbines.
 Much of the swept area of a Savonius rotor may be near
the ground, if it has a small mount without an
extended post, making the overall energy extraction
less effective due to the lower wind speeds found at
lower heights.

12. POWER AND ROTATIONAL SPEED
 The maximum power of a Savonius rotor is given by ,
where and are the height and radius of the rotor
and is the wind speed.
 The angular frequency of a rotor is given by ,
where is a dimensionless factor called the tip-speed
ratio. λ is characteristic of a specific windmill, and its
value is typically between 0.5 and 14. In a Savonius
rotor, λ≈1.

13.  The maximum power of a Savonius rotor is given by , the
height and radius of the rotor and the wind speed.
 The angular frequency of a rotor is given by , where is a
dimensionless factor called the tip-speed ratio.
 λ is characteristic of a specific windmill, and its value is
typically between 0.5 and 14.
 In a Savonius rotor, λ≈1.
 For example, an oil-barrel sized Savonius rotor
with h=1 m and r=0.5 m under a wind of v=10 m/s, will
generate a maximum power of160 W and an angular speed
of 20 rad/s (190 revolutions per minute).

14. MATERIALS REQUIRED

15. S NO: NAME OF
COMPONENT
SPECIFICATION
IN MM
MATERIAL
USED
QTY
1 HALF CYLINDER
WANES
250×200 AL SHEET 4
3 BEARING - FE CASTING 4
4 ROTATING SHAFT 140×20 IRON ROD 1
6 DYNAMO - - 4
8 VOLTMETER - - 1
9 SCREWS
NUT & BOLT
- - 15-20
10 GEAR 96”
24”
- 2
11 BASE FRAME 180×150×300 WOOD 1

16. DESIGN AND FABRICATION

17. BUDGET

18. S NO: NAME OF
COMPONENT
QTY UNIT PRICE
IN RS
TOTAL PRICE
IN RS
1 HALF CYLINDER
WANES
2 210 420
3 BEARING 4 162.5 650
4 ROTATING SHAFT 1 100 100
5 MAIN SUPPORT
ROD
1 60 60
6 DYNAMO 4 300 1200
8 VOLTMETER 1 300 300
9 SCREWS
NUT & BOLT
15-20 - 65
10 GEAR 2 425 850
11 BASE FRAME 1 600 600
TOTAL 5870

19. USES
 Savonius turbines are used whenever cost or reliability is much
more important than efficiency.
 Most anemometers are Savonius turbines for this reason, as
efficiency is irrelevant to the application of measuring wind
speed.
 Much larger Savonius turbines have been used to
generate electric power on deep-water buoys , which need small
amounts of power and get very little maintenance.
 Design is simplified because, unlike with horizontal axis wind
turbines (HAWTs), no pointing mechanism is required to allow
for shifting wind direction and the turbine is self-starting.

20.  . Savonius and other vertical-axis machines are good at
pumping water and other high torque, low rpm
applications and are not usually connected to electric
power grids.
 Small Savonius wind turbines are sometimes seen used
as advertising signs where the rotation helps to draw
attention to the item advertised.
 They sometimes feature a simple two-frame animation
.

21.  Easy to implement and low maintenance.
 Power generate by the wind force .
 Power generated depend upon the wind force.

22. APPLICATIONS

23. FUTURE APPLICATIONS
 Everyday domestic purposes.
 In future VAWTs can be designed such that we can
increase its efficiency.
 Powering streetlamps and highways.
 Coupling VAWTs with the main electrical GRID , that
is ON GRID.
 VAWT powered motor vehicles and ships.

24. CONCLUSION
 The field of wind power utilization is not fully tapped
at the present time. As we are degrading our fossil fuels
at a high rate .It is important for us to look for
alternatives and certainly the VERTICAL AXIS WIND
MILL (VAWT) is a key process for harnessing this
renewable energy .

25. REFERENCE
 Design data book -P.S.G.Tech.
 Machine tool design handbook –Central machine tool
Institute, Bangalore.
 Strength of Materials -R.S.Kurmi
 Manufacturing Technology -M.Haslehurst.
 Design of machine elements - R.s.Kurumi

26. QUERY