1. The present simple tense is used to describe things that are generally true or happen regularly. It can express existence, location, identity, personal information, qualities, weather, feelings, and age. 2. Common present simple verbs include "be", "have", and modal verbs. Contractions are often used with pronouns such as "I'm", "you're", and "they're". 3. Negatives are formed by adding "not" to the auxiliary verb like "am not", "are not", and "isn't". Questions are formed by inverting the subject and auxiliary verb like "am I?", "are you?", and "is it?".