advanced technology and secure trade

1. Facilitating Trade
While Preventing Nuclear Smuggling
Sri Lanka
Indunil Liyanage
Sri Lanka Customs

2. Importance for Sri Lanka to prevent the
smuggling of Nuclear & Radioactive
Material
• Strengthen up the National Security status
o Emerging of International Terrorism organizations in near
region
 ISIS, IS, Al-Qaida
• Improve the Trade Impression of the ports
o Ensure Nuclear & Radioactive Materials are not trafficked
within exports/imports
o Reducing the trade cost
 Reduce inspection charges
 Reduce screening time
 Improve the efficiency of port operations
• Develop stronger International Relationships
o Opportunity to Nuclear Fuel transportation via Colombo Port

3. Challenges faced by Sri Lanka
in controlling illicit trafficking
• Located as a maritime hub in world main shipping routes
o A lot of transshipments are going through the Colombo sea
port making it one of the busiest ports in the region. 7 million
TEU containerized cargo handling capacity.
• Handling Security of Passengers at Colombo Airport
o 400 connected cities worldwide
o 10,883,904 Passenger movements in year 2018
o 67,308 Aircraft movements with 279,560 Air Cargo
movements in year 2018
• Lot of undesignated ports are available due to the geology as an
island in Indian ocean.
• Increased the online transactions : Cargo through Air, post office and
Courier services

4. Security measures at the boarders
• Radiation Monitoring at Colombo Sea port
Local Alarm Station
(LAS)
Radiation Portal
Monitor (RPM)
LAS
RPM
Central Alarm
Station (CAS)
SL Customs (Megaport)
• CAS operations
• Investigations
• Coordination among
other counterparts
SL Ports Authority
• Provide security for
port operations
• LAS operations &
Maintenance
SL Atomic Energy Board & SL
Atomic Energy Regulatory
Council
• As a technical reach back,
provide technical & legal
assistance to handle the
Radioactive Materials
LAS
RPM

5. Security measures at the boarders
• Radiation Monitoring at Colombo airport
• Radiation Monitoring at undesignated ports
- Standard Operations Procedures are developed under IAEA INSSP program
- Trainings & security measures are conducted successfully.
- Human resources capacity increased on operations improved as a result of CRP.
- Discussions are ongoing with related institutes such as SL Navy, Coastal guard
- Awareness & Training programs are being organized

6. International Assistance
• International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
• US Department of Energy
• Main resource partner of International Cooperation for
- Technical Assistance for detection method development
at borders
- Consultancy services for SOP development,
development of infra structures
- Providing Necessary Trainings for Human Resource
Development
- Radiation Equipment donations
- Update technical information such as guidelines,
recommendations, best practices
- Build up the cooperation with related networks (NSSC,
ITDB, FLO network)
• Assistance is given by the various projects
- INSSP (Integrated Nuclear Security Support Plan)
Nuclear Security Support Center (NSSC)
- Coordinated Research projects (J02005, J02012)
-
- Activities of Office of Global Material Security Program
- Establishment & sustainable activities in Radiation
Detection System (Megaport) at Colombo sea port

7. Radiation detection and isotope identification equipment
SPM
RIIDS
HPGe (Ortec) -02 NaI (identiFINDER) -05
/05
Backpacks
Pager -05 /05 Survey Meter -05 Backpack-01
RPM -17
PRDs
X-ray Scanning

8. Detection Equipment - Alarm Statistics:
The operation of RPMs has impact on operations!
Alarm Details in 01/01/2018 - 19/11/2018
LANE Occupancies Achieved
Occupancies
Total
Alarms
Active
Alarms
Released
Alarms
Prior
Open
Alarms
Secondary
Inspection
Tertiary
Inspection
Lane 001 124629 122298 382 0 382 0 0 0
Lane 002 68139 66411 910 0 910 0 12 1
Lane 003 18626 17847 382 0 382 0 2 1
Lane 004 64130 63710 8 0 8 0 0 0
Lane 005 80552 79071 77 0 77 0 0 0
Lane 006 60709 60010 35 0 35 0 0 0
Lane 007 54675 53123 481 0 481 0 0 0
Lane 008 49151 46414 1533 0 1533 0 2 0
Lane 009 11177 10706 409 0 409 0 9 0
Lane 010 11756 11331 199 0 199 0 0 0
Lane 011 75839 74354 180 0 180 0 0 0
Lane 012 7099 6784 227 0 227 0 0 0
Lane 013 11383 10790 510 0 510 0 12 1
Lane 014 7477 7407 35 0 35 0 1 0
Lane 015 129542 125418 2242 0 2242 0 17 3
Lane 017 60821 51955 7969 0 7969 0 58 3
Lane 018 55593 50392 4102 0 4102 0 5 0
Total 891298 858021 19681 0 19681 0 118 9

9. To Improve Alarm Assessments – Sri Lanka joined IAEA
CRP J02005 and assisted in developing TRACE
• IAEA News for Helping Trade while Keeping Sri Lanka Secure: the IAEA’s
Tool for Radiation Alarm and Commodity Evaluation (TRACE)
https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/multimedia/photoessays/helping-trade-while-keeping-sri-
lanka-secure-the-iaeas-tool-for-radiation-alarm-and-commodity-evaluation-trace

10. Time study of Alarmed Cargo Release
360 degree
feedback
about Alarmed
Cargo Release
Management of SL Customs
CAS Operators
LAS Operators Consignees
As part of CRP activities, a time study conducted to determine
effectiveness of improved assessment processes.

11. Time stamp
Seq.
no Date
LAS transfer
control to CAS
Release after secondary
inspection
Time to release the
container after secondary
inspection
1 01/10/2016 2:09:50 PM 3:01:39 PM 00:51:49
2 03/10/2016 2:43:54 PM 3:38:41 PM 00:54:47
3 3:52:41 PM 4:59:39 PM 01:06:58
4 04/10/2016 8:33:13 PM 9:28:17 PM 00:55:04
5 11:14:36 AM 12:19:01 PM 01:04:25
6 05/10/2016 9:47:47 AM 10:39:54 AM 00:52:07
7 12:16:56 PM 1:32:08 PM 01:15:12
8 2:16:22 AM 3:06:28 AM 00:50:06
9 7:48:23 PM 8:58:42 PM 01:10:19
10 06/10/2016 5:34:58 PM 6:36:13 PM 01:01:15
11 4:23:48 PM 5:17:34 PM 00:53:46
12 07/10/2016 10:58:22 PM 11:42:16 PM 00:43:54
Average time taken to release a container after secondary
inspection 00:58:18
Time Taken to Release a Container after Secondary Inspection
(01/10/2016 -07/10/2016)
Source: Survey data

12. Measurable Impact of Study
Average Time Taken to Release an alarmed
cargo Container in 2019 recorded as 38
minutes.
This is reduction of 20 minutes or ~ 33% improvement in
alarm processing efficiency = improved trade facilitation
with effective nuclear security!
Over a year, this translates into a savings of over 6,000
man-hours (or 3 man-years) of efforts that can be used
for other Customs and trade duties.
Source: Survey data 2019

13. Interesting cases
CASE1: Gamma Alarmed Cargo with Wooden
Cupboards.
• Maximum Gamma Sigma- 10.10
• Cargo Size – 20 feet
• Commodity declared as Wooden Cupboards
• Results of SPM & HPGE (Ortec) Detector -
Th-228,Ra-226
• Found Tiles in high dense area shown in x-ray
image.

14. Experience on IAEA TRACE App
Tool for Radiation Alarm and Commodity Evaluation
TRACE is very useful tool for
- Understand the NORM commodities
- Fast & Reliable decision making for alarms assessment
from the radiation detection system at the Colombo
port
- Avoiding unnecessary secondary inspections
- Easy to learn & use

15. Objectives achieved through the
CRP and Time Study
• Understanding the current logistics situation
• Current situation is analysed to identify bottlenecks, costs incurred due to
bottlenecks and possible solutions to overcome current inefficiencies related to
releasing containers
• Increased understanding of commodities and the
response of RPMs.
• More detailed information on commodities, uses, and whether can NORM leads to
improved confidence for Customs to make decision
• Developing a decision support database and Risk
Profiles
• A decision support system is developed as a quick reference for the officers when
making the decision whether to release the container without further examination
or not.
• User Training. Improved Human Resource Capacity!
• Training is given to system users in order to increase their efficiency in container
release process and to increase their awareness on importance of control in
MORC.

16. Thank You