UVCFall15Class10.2
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In this work we read objects semiotically, discuss the history of chair design, and consider "design classics."
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UVCFall15Class10.2
- 1. Design & Designers Understanding Visual Culture Module 10.2
- 2. agenda packaging design (short review) semiotics of chair design chairs in art Whistler's Mother (1871) v. Ingres, Princesse de Broglie (1853) David Mme Récamier (1800) v. Gérard, Mme Récamier (1805) famous modern chairs Mies van der Rohe, Barcelona Chair and Brno Chair Charles and Ray Eames, DCM, LCW, RAR Gerrit RIETVELD, Zigzag Chair Frank GEHRY, Easy Edges Chair and Hat Trick Chair
- 6. Side Chair, circa 1880, maple, cane seat Lebanon, Massachusetts Name three visual/functional elements of the chair.
- 7. Compare/contrast: form Side chair, gilt and Beauvais tapestry, c. 1780
- 12. Whistler, Arrangement in Gray and Black #1, 1871 Ingres, Princesse de Broglie, 1853
- 13. Jacques-Louis David, Madame Récamier, 1800
- 15. The Salon of Mme Récamier, with furniture by Jacob Frères, illustration from 1849
- 16. Chaise Longue of Mme Recamier, by Jacob Frères, c. 1798
- 17. David, Madame Récamier, 1800
- 18. Gérard, Juliette Récamier, 1805
- 20. Formal Analysis/Semiotic Analysis What formal/functional features do these chairs possess? What do they signify, culturally?
- 21. "levels" of design design for mass consumption elite or "high" design
- 26. Mies van der Rohe, Tugendhat Chair, in the library at the Tugendhat House, Brno, Czech Republic, 1929
- 28. "serious fun": Charles & Ray Eames, American designing duo
- 29. textile designs
- 30. toys and games for all ages
- 31. Their home and studio, Case Study House No. 8, Pacific Palisades, LA, 1949
- 42. Eames DCM 1946
- 43. Eames, LCW (Lounge Chair Wood), 1946
- 46. Gerrit RIETVELD Zig-Zag Chair 1932-1934 Production: 1935 to c.1955 Manufacturer: Metz & Co., Amsterdam Material: red- stained elm, brass screws not a chair but a "designer joke" The chair is stabilized by dovetail joints between the seat and back, reinforcements with screws and nuts, as well as wooden wedges in the corners.
- 47. Frank GEHRY Easy Edges Side Chair corrugated cardboard 1972
- 49. Frank GEHRY Hat Trick Chair 1989-90
- 50. what's driving modern design? spirit of experiment using new materials using old materials in unfamiliar ways coming up with solutions undreamt of previously formal innovation the desire to make it different the desire to make it new (novelty prized over traditional solutions—after all, chairs have been around for a long time!)
- 51. what else might motivate designers? the desire to change the world! using design to create innovative solutions to real-world problems, not just making another chair or cocktail shaker or sneaker
- 52. Briefly describe the visual form of the seating pictured in this photograph. Then speculate: what set of functions are implied in this design? What meanings can we infer about the people likely to be seated in each chair?
Editor's Notes
- Creator: Charles Eames, (Artist), American, 1907-1978 Creator: Tigrett Enterprises, Chicago, IL, (Manufacturer) Title: House of Cards (giant size) Work Type: Design Objects Date: 1954 Material: Plastic coated slotted cards Description: Purchase Repository: Museum of Modern Art (New York, N.Y.) Accession Number: SC46.1955 Collection: The Museum of Modern Art, Architecture and Design Collection Source: Data From: The Museum of Modern Art
- Creator: Charles Eames (American architect, 1907-1978); Ray Eames (American architect, 1916-1988) Culture: American Title: Case Study House no. 8 Title: Charles and Ray Eames House Title: View: Entire south central wall (through trees) Work Type: Architecture and City Planning Work Type: buildings; dwellings; houses Date: 1945-1949 (creation) Date: Photograph: 12/15/1990 (creation) Location: site: Pacific Palisades (Los Angeles, California, United States) Location: Location Note: 203 Chautauqua Boulevard Material: glass; wood; plaster; steel; pre-fabricated panels and windows Technique: construction (assembling) Style Period: International Style (modern European architecture style); Twentieth century Description: Work: In 1945 they collaborated with Eero Saarinen and Edgardo Contini on two projected case study houses (nos 8 and 9) for the magazine Arts and Architecture. Case Study House no. 9, which was intended for John Entenza, the editor and publisher of the magazine, was a single-level dwelling of steel and stucco and was built (1947-1949), essentially as proposed in its first design, at 205 Chautauqua Boulevard, Pacific Palisades, CA. Case Study House no. 8, which was to be the Eames's house, was originally conceived as two steel-framed boxes raised above the site on steel legs. The design was substantially changed, however, and the house was built at ground-level, with two-storey living and studio sections separated by an open atrium . It is a typical Eames product, light in appearance and suggesting a tie to the historical (Japanese architecture) and to the modern. The new siting of the house at 203 Chautauqua Boulevard, Pacific Palisades, set it into the hillside, and through its glass walls the interior could become fully a part of the surrounding eucalyptus grove and take in the view beyond of the Pacific Ocean. The playfulness of the house was reinforced by wall panels of bright colours, panels containing illusionistic photo-murals and by the presence of the Eames's collection of toys and folk art. Subject: architectural exteriors; architectural interiors; dwelling Collection: Archivision Addition Module Three ID Number: Vendor ID: 1A1-EC-EH-F1 ID Number: 29659 Source: Work description from: Grove Art Online; http://www.oxfordartonline.com/ Source: Data and Image: Archivision, Inc. Rights: © Scott Gilchrist, Archivision, Inc. Rights: This image has been selected and made available by an institutional user of the ARTstor Digital Library using ARTstor's software tools. ARTstor has not pre-screened or selected this image, and therefore disclaims any liability for any use of this image. Should you have any legal objection to the use of this image, please notify ARTstor's Contact for Legal Notices.
- Creator: Eames, Charles. Title: Charles Eames House. Interior Title: Eames House. Interior Work Type: Interior views. Work Type: Historic houses. Work Type: Houses. Work Type: Living rooms. Date: 1949. Site: 203 Chautauqua Boulevard, Pacific Palisades, California. Description: View of living room. Related Item: Charles Eames House, AC 82. Subject: Pacific Palisades (Los Angeles, Calif.) Subject: Charles Eames House (Pacific Palisades, Calif.) Subject: Architecture--United States--20th century. Collection: The Carnegie Arts of the United States Collection Source: Data from : University of Georgia Libraries
- Creator: Eames, Charles and Ray Eames Title: Job 2717: Eames House (Los Angeles, Calif.) Also known as Case Study House No. 8 Work Type: Architecture Date: 1949 Date: Photograph: 1958 Material: Photograph: Transparency Measurements: Photograph: 4" x 5" Description: Photographer: Shulman, Julius Repository: Julius Shulman photography archive, 1936-1997, Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles, Accession no. 2004.R.10. Repository: http://www.getty.edu/research/ Collection: Getty Research Institute: Julius Shulman Photography Archive ID Number: Box 199 ID Number: 2717-1k Source: Image and original data provided by the Getty Research Institute Rights: Copyright The J. Paul Getty Trust. Rights: Contact information: Research Services, Getty Research Institute, 1200 Getty Center Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90049; Tel No: 310-440-7390; Fax: 310-440-7780; Email: reference@getty.edu Rights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.
- Creator: Eames, Charles and Ray Eames Title: Job 2717: Eames House (Los Angeles, Calif.) Also known as Case Study House No. 8 Work Type: Architecture Date: 1949 Date: Photograph: 1958 Material: Photograph: Transparency Measurements: Photograph: 4" x 5" Description: Photographer: Shulman, Julius Repository: Julius Shulman photography archive, 1936-1997, Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles, Accession no. 2004.R.10. Repository: http://www.getty.edu/research/ Collection: Getty Research Institute: Julius Shulman Photography Archive ID Number: Box 199 ID Number: 2717-2k Source: Image and original data provided by the Getty Research Institute Rights: Copyright The J. Paul Getty Trust. Rights: Contact information: Research Services, Getty Research Institute, 1200 Getty Center Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90049; Tel No: 310-440-7390; Fax: 310-440-7780; Email: reference@getty.edu Rights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.
- Creator: Eames, Charles and Ray Eames Title: Job 784: Eames House (Los Angeles, Calif.) Also known as Case Study House No. 8 Work Type: Architecture Date: 1949 Date: Photograph: 1950 Material: Photograph: Gelatin silver print Measurements: Photograph: 8" x 10" Description: Photographer: Shulman, Julius Repository: Julius Shulman photography archive, 1936-1997, Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles, Accession no. 2004.R.10. Repository: http://www.getty.edu/research/ Collection: Getty Research Institute: Julius Shulman Photography Archive ID Number: Box 187 Folder 4 ID Number: 784-4 Source: Image and original data provided by the Getty Research Institute Rights: Copyright The J. Paul Getty Trust. Rights: Contact information: Research Services, Getty Research Institute, 1200 Getty Center Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90049; Tel No: 310-440-7390; Fax: 310-440-7780; Email: reference@getty.edu Rights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.
- Creator: Eames, Charles and Ray Eames Title: Job 784: Eames House (Los Angeles, Calif.) Also known as Case Study House No. 8 Work Type: Architecture Date: 1949 Date: Photograph: 1950 Material: Photograph: Gelatin silver print Measurements: Photograph: 8" x 10" Description: Photographer: Shulman, Julius Repository: Julius Shulman photography archive, 1936-1997, Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles, Accession no. 2004.R.10. Repository: http://www.getty.edu/research/ Collection: Getty Research Institute: Julius Shulman Photography Archive ID Number: Box 187 Folder 4 ID Number: 784-6 Source: Image and original data provided by the Getty Research Institute Rights: Copyright The J. Paul Getty Trust. Rights: Contact information: Research Services, Getty Research Institute, 1200 Getty Center Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90049; Tel No: 310-440-7390; Fax: 310-440-7780; Email: reference@getty.edu Rights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.
- Creator: Eames, Charles and Ray Eames Title: Job 2717: Eames House (Los Angeles, Calif.) Also known as Case Study House No. 8 Work Type: Architecture Date: 1949 Date: Photograph: 1958 Material: Photograph: Transparency Measurements: Photograph: 4" x 5" Description: Photographer: Shulman, Julius Repository: Julius Shulman photography archive, 1936-1997, Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles, Accession no. 2004.R.10. Repository: http://www.getty.edu/research/ Collection: Getty Research Institute: Julius Shulman Photography Archive ID Number: Box 199 ID Number: 2717-3ak Source: Image and original data provided by the Getty Research Institute Rights: Copyright The J. Paul Getty Trust. Rights: Contact information: Research Services, Getty Research Institute, 1200 Getty Center Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90049; Tel No: 310-440-7390; Fax: 310-440-7780; Email: reference@getty.edu Rights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.
- Creator: Charles Eames (American architect, 1907-1978); Ray Eames (American architect, 1916-1988) Culture: American Title: Case Study House no. 8 Title: Charles and Ray Eames House Title: View: Interior of studio through northeast window Work Type: Architecture and City Planning Work Type: buildings; dwellings; houses Date: 1945-1949 (creation) Date: Photograph: 12/15/1990 (creation) Location: site: Pacific Palisades (Los Angeles, California, United States) Location: Location Note: 203 Chautauqua Boulevard Material: glass; wood; plaster; steel; pre-fabricated panels and windows Technique: construction (assembling) Style Period: International Style (modern European architecture style); Twentieth century Description: Work: In 1945 they collaborated with Eero Saarinen and Edgardo Contini on two projected case study houses (nos 8 and 9) for the magazine Arts and Architecture. Case Study House no. 9, which was intended for John Entenza, the editor and publisher of the magazine, was a single-level dwelling of steel and stucco and was built (1947-1949), essentially as proposed in its first design, at 205 Chautauqua Boulevard, Pacific Palisades, CA. Case Study House no. 8, which was to be the Eames's house, was originally conceived as two steel-framed boxes raised above the site on steel legs. The design was substantially changed, however, and the house was built at ground-level, with two-storey living and studio sections separated by an open atrium . It is a typical Eames product, light in appearance and suggesting a tie to the historical (Japanese architecture) and to the modern. The new siting of the house at 203 Chautauqua Boulevard, Pacific Palisades, set it into the hillside, and through its glass walls the interior could become fully a part of the surrounding eucalyptus grove and take in the view beyond of the Pacific Ocean. The playfulness of the house was reinforced by wall panels of bright colours, panels containing illusionistic photo-murals and by the presence of the Eames's collection of toys and folk art. Subject: architectural exteriors; architectural interiors; dwelling Subject: interior Collection: Archivision Addition Module Three ID Number: Vendor ID: 1A1-EC-EH-A4 ID Number: 29641 Source: Work description from: Grove Art Online; http://www.oxfordartonline.com/ Source: Data and Image: Archivision, Inc. Rights: © Scott Gilchrist, Archivision, Inc. Rights: This image has been selected and made available by an institutional user of the ARTstor Digital Library using ARTstor's software tools. ARTstor has not pre-screened or selected this image, and therefore disclaims any liability for any use of this image. Should you have any legal objection to the use of this image, please notify ARTstor's Contact for Legal Notices.
- Creator: Charles and Ray Eames Creator: Evans Products Company, Molded Plywood Division, Venice, California, Established 1943, Manufacturer Creator: Charles Eames, American, Saint Louis, Missouri, 1907-1978, Saint Louis, Missouri Creator: Ray Eames, American, Sacramento, California, 1916-1988, Los Angeles, California Title: Leg Splint Work Type: design object Date: 1942 Material: molded plywood Measurements: 42 1/2 in. x 8 in. x 3 1/2 in. (107.95 cm x 20.32 cm x 8.89 cm) Description: <p>Artist: Charles Ormond Eames and Ray Bernice Alexandra Kaiser met at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Michigan, where they both studied design and architecture in the late 1930s. They eventually married and developed a joint career based on a commitment to devising "elegant solutions" to design problems.</p><p>Ray, a former painter, had assisted Charles and Eero Saarinen with a series of molded plywood chairs and tables - an experience that benefited the couple when they moved to Los Angeles in 1941. There they perfected their process of woodworking and made splints, litters, and aircraft parts for the armed forces during World War II.</p><p>In 1946 the Museum of Modern Art, New York, showcased Charles and Ray Eames's new furniture technology. This exhibition secured them a contract with the Herman Miller company in Michigan and initiated a 30-year relationship that produced many of the enduring furniture designs of the twentieth century.</p><p>In the late 1940s, the Eameses designed a house for the Case Study House Program sponsored by <em>Arts and Architecture</em> magazine. From the 1950s onward, they expanded their design and architectural practice to include the production of films and exhibitions - including <em>Toccatta for Toy Trains</em> (1957) and <em>Mathematica</em> (1961) - that used a variety of media to engage the imagination of the public.</p> Repository: San Francisco Museum of Modern Art Repository: Gift of Michael and Gabrielle Boyd Accession Number: 98.579 Subject: design; medical equipment; legs; splints Collection: San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) ID Number: 23534 Source: Image and original data provided by the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art Source: http://www.sfmoma.org/ Rights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.
- Creator: Charles Eames, (Artist), American, 1907-1978 Creator: Evans Products Co., Molded Plywood Div., Venice, CA, (Manufacturer) Title: Folding Screen Work Type: Design Objects Date: 1946 Material: Molded calico ash plywood and canvas Measurements: h. 68" (172.7 cm) Description: Gift of Herman Miller Furniture Co. Description: Exhibitions: 1947 MoMA, #357: Useful Objects, #75. 1949 National Museum of Canada, Ottawa, Canada. 1958-9 MoMA: 20th C. Design. 1973 MoMA: Charles Eames. Repository: Museum of Modern Art (New York, N.Y.) Accession Number: 79.1948 Related Item: +20th C. Design-, MoMA, 1959, p. 60, illus. +Charles Eames-, MoMA, 1973, pp. 28-29, illus. +House Beautiful-, Dec. 1947. Derek E. Ostergard, +Bent Wood and Metal Furn.:- +1850-1946- (New York: Amer. Fed of Arts, 1987), pp. 330-31, illus. Collection: The Museum of Modern Art, Architecture and Design Collection Source: Data From: The Museum of Modern Art
- Creator: Charles Eames, (Artist), American, 1907-1978 Creator: Evans Products Co., Molded Plywood Div., Venice, CA, (Manufacturer) Title: Folding Screen Work Type: Design Objects Date: 1946 Material: Molded calico ash plywood and canvas Measurements: h. 68" (172.7 cm) Description: Gift of Herman Miller Furniture Co. Description: Exhibitions: 1947 MoMA, #357: Useful Objects, #75. 1949 National Museum of Canada, Ottawa, Canada. 1958-9 MoMA: 20th C. Design. 1973 MoMA: Charles Eames. Repository: Museum of Modern Art (New York, N.Y.) Accession Number: 79.1948 Related Item: +20th C. Design-, MoMA, 1959, p. 60, illus. +Charles Eames-, MoMA, 1973, pp. 28-29, illus. +House Beautiful-, Dec. 1947. Derek E. Ostergard, +Bent Wood and Metal Furn.:- +1850-1946- (New York: Amer. Fed of Arts, 1987), pp. 330-31, illus. Collection: The Museum of Modern Art, Architecture and Design Collection Source: Data From: The Museum of Modern Art
- Creator: Charles and Ray Eames Creator: Charles Eames, American, Saint Louis, Missouri, 1907-1978, Saint Louis, Missouri Creator: Ray Eames, American, Sacramento, California, 1916-1988, Los Angeles, California Creator: Herman Miller Inc., Zeeland, Michigan, Established 1923, Manufacturer Title: DCM (Dining chair metal) Work Type: furniture Date: 1946 Material: molded plywood, steel, and rubber Measurements: 29 3/4 in. x 19 1/2 in. x 23 in. (75.57 cm x 49.53 cm x 58.42 cm) Description: <p>Artist: Charles Ormond Eames and Ray Bernice Alexandra Kaiser met at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Michigan, where they both studied design and architecture in the late 1930s. They eventually married and developed a joint career based on a commitment to devising "elegant solutions" to design problems.</p><p>Ray, a former painter, had assisted Charles and Eero Saarinen with a series of molded plywood chairs and tables - an experience that benefited the couple when they moved to Los Angeles in 1941. There they perfected their process of woodworking and made splints, litters, and aircraft parts for the armed forces during World War II.</p><p>In 1946 the Museum of Modern Art, New York, showcased Charles and Ray Eames's new furniture technology. This exhibition secured them a contract with the Herman Miller company in Michigan and initiated a 30-year relationship that produced many of the enduring furniture designs of the twentieth century.</p><p>In the late 1940s, the Eameses designed a house for the Case Study House Program sponsored by <em>Arts and Architecture</em> magazine. From the 1950s onward, they expanded their design and architectural practice to include the production of films and exhibitions - including <em>Toccatta for Toy Trains</em> (1957) and <em>Mathematica</em> (1961) - that used a variety of media to engage the imagination of the public.</p> Repository: San Francisco Museum of Modern Art Repository: Gift of Mr. and Mrs. William P. Brotherton in memory of Gary Brotherton, Alys Tully, and Mary Thompson Accession Number: 78.43 Subject: chairs; seats; functional Collection: San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) ID Number: 351 Source: Image and original data provided by the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art Source: http://www.sfmoma.org/ Rights: Please note that if this image is under copyright, you may need to contact one or more copyright owners for any use that is not permitted under the ARTstor Terms and Conditions of Use or not otherwise permitted by law. While ARTstor tries to update contact information, it cannot guarantee that such information is always accurate. Determining whether those permissions are necessary, and obtaining such permissions, is your sole responsibility.