UV light can be categorized into UV-A, UV-B, UV-C, and UV-D based on wavelength. UV light has various effects including disinfection, sterilization, and promoting bone and skin health but prolonged exposure can also cause skin damage and cancer. UV-A has strong penetration power and makes up most sunlight reaching the skin, causing tanning, aging, and wrinkling. UV-B produces vitamin D with sun exposure but too much can lead to skin cancer. UV-C is mostly absorbed by the ozone layer and causes cancer with brief exposure but is effective for sterilization used in hospitals, food processing, and more.