I gave this presentation to the NASA space life science research community regarding the modeling and simulation tools the Digital Astronaut Project is developing to inform research regarding the preservation of musculoskeletal and visual system health of astronauts.
ICVR2013 Workshop: Designing an effective rehabilitation simulationSergi Bermudez i Badia
This is the talk I gave at the International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation 2013, part of the following workshop: Designing an effective rehabilitation simulation (Gerard Fluet, Wendy Powell, Sergi Bermúdez i Badia, Qinyin Qiu)
After completing this workshop participants should be able to: (1) Outline the process for developing, designing and testing an effective rehabilitation simulation, (2) Describe the process of shaping human movement abilities using simulated activities, (3) Identify variables that need to be considered when designing a rehabilitation activity, (4) Evaluate an open source virtual environment or game for conversion to a rehab activity, (5) Identify the strengths and weaknesses of commercially available software platforms, (6) Describe commonly used metrics to measure simulated movement performance, (7) Describe key features of a rehab activity that can be used to evaluate changes in movement performance. Intended audience: Computer Engineers, Biomedical Engineers, Physical Therapists and Occupational Therapists with less than three years experience in the design and development of simulated rehabilitation activities.
This document discusses emotion recognition in the context of fitness and rehabilitation from ACL injuries. It outlines some of the common negative emotions experienced after an ACL injury like frustration, depression, and fear of reinjury. Technology can help ACL patients adhere to exercise regimens by tracking their activity and providing feedback, but current devices often fail to capture important details of strength training exercises or adapt based on the user's emotions. The document proposes using sensors like Microsoft Kinect along with other wearable devices to recognize engagement and disengagement during squats in order to build a system that provides personalized exercise plans tailored to the user's affective state.
The document proposes designs for a wrist aid and footplate attachment for a rowing ergometer to accommodate athletes with limited joint range of motion. The wrist aid is intended to reduce force on the wrist of an athlete with arthritis. It would consist of straps and a compression sleeve to distribute force to the forearm. The rotating footplate aims to increase stroke length for an athlete with ankle bone spurs by allowing 12 more degrees of rotation. Calculations of forces exerted on wrists and feet during rowing informed the design requirements. Preliminary testing showed the devices could withstand non-cyclic loads but more testing is needed to confirm performance during intense training.
This document is a thesis submitted by Dan McKinney to Montana State University - Billings examining the effects of the Right View Pro video analysis system on bat velocity and batted-ball exit velocity in college baseball players. The study divided 29 players into 3 groups - one that did weight training only, one that did weight training and video analysis, and one that did weight training, video analysis, and Right View Pro analysis. Bat velocity was measured using a Pocket Radar and exit velocity was measured using a Stalker Radar Sport 2 Radar Gun. The analysis found no significant difference in bat velocity between the groups but did find a significant difference in exit velocity between the group that did weight training only and the group that did weight training
TS6 Performance Standards for Non-Turf Cricket Pitches Intended for Outdoor Use.yorkshirega
The document provides performance standards for non-turf cricket pitches intended for outdoor use. It defines requirements in four key areas: performance requirements which define ball and player surface interactions; material requirements which define the quality of synthetic materials used; construction requirements which define pitch dimensions and tolerances; and identification tests to characterize materials used. The standards are intended to allow a satisfactory game of cricket and ensure pitches provide an appropriate playing environment.
Eratosthenes was a Greek scholar who was the first to attempt to measure the Earth's circumference and other properties of the solar system. Nicholas Copernicus developed the Copernican theory that the Sun, not Earth, is at the center of the universe. Claudius Ptolemaeus was an ancient astronomer who proposed astronomical theories and created tools to track planetary positions. Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong were American astronauts who were among the first men to walk on the Moon as part of the Apollo 11 mission in 1969. John Glenn was an American astronaut who became the first American to orbit Earth in 1962.
MQP - Track Alternative Design and Construction ManagementSean Minor
This document summarizes a project that created an alternative design for the suspended track in a new recreation center at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI). The project team developed an alternative cantilever beam and simple beam design to replace the existing suspension system. They analyzed the structural integrity of both designs and compared the cost and construction schedule of each option using Building Information Modeling (BIM) software, including Autodesk Robot and Revit. The document provides background on the recreation center project, describes the team's analysis of the existing design, and outlines their development and evaluation of the alternative design.
ICVR2013 Workshop: Designing an effective rehabilitation simulationSergi Bermudez i Badia
This is the talk I gave at the International Conference on Virtual Rehabilitation 2013, part of the following workshop: Designing an effective rehabilitation simulation (Gerard Fluet, Wendy Powell, Sergi Bermúdez i Badia, Qinyin Qiu)
After completing this workshop participants should be able to: (1) Outline the process for developing, designing and testing an effective rehabilitation simulation, (2) Describe the process of shaping human movement abilities using simulated activities, (3) Identify variables that need to be considered when designing a rehabilitation activity, (4) Evaluate an open source virtual environment or game for conversion to a rehab activity, (5) Identify the strengths and weaknesses of commercially available software platforms, (6) Describe commonly used metrics to measure simulated movement performance, (7) Describe key features of a rehab activity that can be used to evaluate changes in movement performance. Intended audience: Computer Engineers, Biomedical Engineers, Physical Therapists and Occupational Therapists with less than three years experience in the design and development of simulated rehabilitation activities.
This document discusses emotion recognition in the context of fitness and rehabilitation from ACL injuries. It outlines some of the common negative emotions experienced after an ACL injury like frustration, depression, and fear of reinjury. Technology can help ACL patients adhere to exercise regimens by tracking their activity and providing feedback, but current devices often fail to capture important details of strength training exercises or adapt based on the user's emotions. The document proposes using sensors like Microsoft Kinect along with other wearable devices to recognize engagement and disengagement during squats in order to build a system that provides personalized exercise plans tailored to the user's affective state.
The document proposes designs for a wrist aid and footplate attachment for a rowing ergometer to accommodate athletes with limited joint range of motion. The wrist aid is intended to reduce force on the wrist of an athlete with arthritis. It would consist of straps and a compression sleeve to distribute force to the forearm. The rotating footplate aims to increase stroke length for an athlete with ankle bone spurs by allowing 12 more degrees of rotation. Calculations of forces exerted on wrists and feet during rowing informed the design requirements. Preliminary testing showed the devices could withstand non-cyclic loads but more testing is needed to confirm performance during intense training.
This document is a thesis submitted by Dan McKinney to Montana State University - Billings examining the effects of the Right View Pro video analysis system on bat velocity and batted-ball exit velocity in college baseball players. The study divided 29 players into 3 groups - one that did weight training only, one that did weight training and video analysis, and one that did weight training, video analysis, and Right View Pro analysis. Bat velocity was measured using a Pocket Radar and exit velocity was measured using a Stalker Radar Sport 2 Radar Gun. The analysis found no significant difference in bat velocity between the groups but did find a significant difference in exit velocity between the group that did weight training only and the group that did weight training
TS6 Performance Standards for Non-Turf Cricket Pitches Intended for Outdoor Use.yorkshirega
The document provides performance standards for non-turf cricket pitches intended for outdoor use. It defines requirements in four key areas: performance requirements which define ball and player surface interactions; material requirements which define the quality of synthetic materials used; construction requirements which define pitch dimensions and tolerances; and identification tests to characterize materials used. The standards are intended to allow a satisfactory game of cricket and ensure pitches provide an appropriate playing environment.
Eratosthenes was a Greek scholar who was the first to attempt to measure the Earth's circumference and other properties of the solar system. Nicholas Copernicus developed the Copernican theory that the Sun, not Earth, is at the center of the universe. Claudius Ptolemaeus was an ancient astronomer who proposed astronomical theories and created tools to track planetary positions. Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong were American astronauts who were among the first men to walk on the Moon as part of the Apollo 11 mission in 1969. John Glenn was an American astronaut who became the first American to orbit Earth in 1962.
MQP - Track Alternative Design and Construction ManagementSean Minor
This document summarizes a project that created an alternative design for the suspended track in a new recreation center at Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI). The project team developed an alternative cantilever beam and simple beam design to replace the existing suspension system. They analyzed the structural integrity of both designs and compared the cost and construction schedule of each option using Building Information Modeling (BIM) software, including Autodesk Robot and Revit. The document provides background on the recreation center project, describes the team's analysis of the existing design, and outlines their development and evaluation of the alternative design.
Design of a non-invasive Hip Exoskeleton DISCLAIMERThis repo.docxtheodorelove43763
Design of a non-invasive Hip Exoskeleton DISCLAIMER
This report was prepared by students as part of a university course requirement. While considerable effort has been put into the project, it is not the work of licensed engineers and has not undergone the extensive verification that is common in the profession. The information, data, conclusions, and content of this report should not be relied upon or utilized without thorough, independent testing and verification. University faculty members may have been associated with this project as advisors, sponsors, or course instructors, but as such they are not responsible for the accuracy of results or conclusions.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Team project’s is to design Hip Exoskeleton for children to assist their ability to walk. In general exoskeleton is a wearable device that can help and assist individuals with neuromuscular disorder. Hip exoskeleton is a device that assists the lower body of a person to help stabilization and walking performance. The team’s target is children from four to sixteen years old also will focus on the mechanical aspect of the hip exoskeleton such as the frame, motors and design in general. There are different requirements that the team focused in order to develop a design that functions effectively and improve the design. These requirements include the customer and the engineering requirements. These requirements serve to fulfil the deficiencies that were identified in the existing devices.
Purpose:
The purpose of this project is to facilitate stabilization in children with cerebral palsy and decrease the metabolic cost of walking in children.
Goal:
The project goal is to focus on developing a hip exoskeleton, using motors, and sensors to improve the user’s hip movements and strength. In addition to deliver a design that meets all customers’ needs and engineering requirements.
The design:
The design comprises of three subsystems pelvic, thigh and actuator subsystems. These subsystems will collaborate with the signal produced by the body to provide adequate support to the hip joints of the user. The team is only focusing on the mechanical aspect of this project for the electrical component will be provided by the client.
1.0 BACKGROUND 1.1 Introduction
Exoskeletons are wearable devices that function alongside the user’s body parts. The design of an exoskeleton depends on various factors such as the purpose and the target body parts that require support. The team will develop a lightweight and cost-effective exoskeleton by making adjustments and improvements on the existing hip exoskeletons [2]. The purpose of making this exoskeleton from the existing design is to help support walking at the hip joint. Exoskeletons are used in different sectors such as healthcare, sports, military and rehabilitation facilities. They are used to assist individuals with hip and back issues to walk and maintain a stable posture. The previous design of the exoskeleton is robotic and costly be.
Design of a non-invasive Hip Exoskeleton DISCLAIMERThis repo.docxcarolinef5
Design of a non-invasive Hip Exoskeleton DISCLAIMER
This report was prepared by students as part of a university course requirement. While considerable effort has been put into the project, it is not the work of licensed engineers and has not undergone the extensive verification that is common in the profession. The information, data, conclusions, and content of this report should not be relied upon or utilized without thorough, independent testing and verification. University faculty members may have been associated with this project as advisors, sponsors, or course instructors, but as such they are not responsible for the accuracy of results or conclusions.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Team project’s is to design Hip Exoskeleton for children to assist their ability to walk. In general exoskeleton is a wearable device that can help and assist individuals with neuromuscular disorder. Hip exoskeleton is a device that assists the lower body of a person to help stabilization and walking performance. The team’s target is children from four to sixteen years old also will focus on the mechanical aspect of the hip exoskeleton such as the frame, motors and design in general. There are different requirements that the team focused in order to develop a design that functions effectively and improve the design. These requirements include the customer and the engineering requirements. These requirements serve to fulfil the deficiencies that were identified in the existing devices.
The purpose of this project is to facilitate stabilization in children with cerebral palsy and decrease the metabolic cost of walking in children.
The project goal is to focus on developing a hip exoskeleton, using motors, and sensors to improve the user’s hip movements and strength. In addition to deliver a design that meets all customers’ needs and engineering requirements.
The design comprises of three subsystems pelvic, thigh and actuator subsystems. These subsystems will collaborate with the signal produced by the body to provide adequate support to the hip joints of the user. The team is only focusing on the mechanical aspect of this project for the electrical component will be provided by the client.
1.0 BACKGROUND 1.1 Introduction
Exoskeletons are wearable devices that function alongside the user’s body parts. The design of an exoskeleton depends on various factors such as the purpose and the target body parts that require support. The team will develop a lightweight and cost-effective exoskeleton by making adjustments and improvements on the existing hip exoskeletons [2]. The purpose of making this exoskeleton from the existing design is to help support walking at the hip joint. Exoskeletons are used in different sectors such as healthcare, sports, military and rehabilitation facilities. They are used to assist individuals with hip and back issues to walk and maintain a stable posture. The previous design of the exoskeleton is robotic and costly because of the components u.
Ruzena Bajcsy - Personalized Modeling for HRIDaniel Huber
The document discusses personalized modeling approaches for human-robot interaction. It describes four main classes of human models: kinematic, kinematic/dynamic, musculoskeletal, and models that represent human interaction with agents. Each class has specific goals and applications. For example, kinematic models are used for motion analysis while kinematic/dynamic models enable collaborative robot manipulation tasks. The document emphasizes that accounting for individual human differences through personalized models is important for tasks like predicting intent and ensuring safety during physical human-robot interactions.
Paper review - Biomechanical modeling as a practical tool for predicting inju...Hiranthi Tennakoon
Biomechanical modeling as a practical tool for predicting injury risk related to repetitive muscle lengthening during learning and training of human complex motor skills
This document summarizes a study that used patient-specific bone geometry and microstructure data from a μCT scan to create a finite element analysis model comparing tibial implant materials. An iterative process was used to determine the representative volume element cube size to capture bone microstructure properties. A tibial implant geometry was meshed and constant loading was applied to model bone stresses. The results found Von Mises stresses in the bone were below yield limits and stresses were slightly lower for a Co-Cr-Mo implant material versus a Ti-Al material, since Co-Cr-Mo is stiffer. The study concluded that numerical modeling can improve implant design and performance through more tailored, patient-specific evaluations under different conditions.
This document describes a senior design project to design a knee injury simulator for Dr. Smolinski's orthopaedic engineering lab. The simulator aims to reproduce knee impacts from drop landings to study ACL injury mechanisms. A previous group developed external loading mechanisms, and this group's objectives are to design thigh and foot fixtures and integrate an impact mechanism. The impactor must drop from 24 inches to reliably create ACL injuries for evaluation of prevention and treatment techniques with the goal of reducing injuries and improving outcomes. The design will be iterated and tested with the sponsor to meet specifications before a functional prototype is manufactured and tested.
This document discusses the evolution of the Human Biometrics Sensor Interaction (HBSI) model for evaluating biometric systems. It describes gaps in traditional biometric testing, such as not considering how users interact with devices. The HBSI model aims to address these gaps by developing metrics to measure human-sensor interactions. The document outlines different versions of the HBSI model and how it is being expanded to incorporate factors like age, gender, environmental conditions. It also discusses using the Microsoft Kinect to help automate coding of interactions in the HBSI model.
Development of micro precise robotic systems for retinal therapy deliveryKatieRCN
This document discusses the development of robotic systems for delivering cellular therapies to the retina. Age-related macular degeneration causes vision loss for 600,000 people in the UK alone. Manually delivering therapies is challenging due to constraints of the operating room and patient anatomy. Researchers are developing co-manipulated and single-arm flexible robotic systems to overcome these challenges. Co-manipulated systems enhance dexterity while maintaining direct clinical supervision. Single-arm flexible systems offer dexterity akin to a micro-sized wrist and increased capacity for interventions, though control is counterintuitive. The goal is to create micro-precise robotic tools to replace lost cells in the retina for conditions like macular degeneration.
AI Personal Trainer Using Open CV and Media PipeIRJET Journal
This document summarizes previous work on developing an AI personal trainer using computer vision techniques. It discusses early research using the Kinect camera for body posture detection. Later works applied machine learning and deep learning models to activity recognition in gyms and used OpenPose for pose detection in pre-recorded videos. To enable real-time detection, approaches categorized models as kinematic, planar and volumetric. Convolutional neural networks were also used to estimate 2D poses from single images and increase accuracy. More recent works introduced datasets with whole-body annotations and used a single network to address scale variance across body parts. The goal of this project is to build upon these techniques to create an AI trainer that analyzes exercise repetitions in real-time videos
The document summarizes a survey on recent developments in human pose estimation. It begins with an introduction to the field and discusses previous surveys. It then covers classifications of pose estimation like 2D vs 3D, single vs multiple person, top-down vs bottom-up approaches. Popular datasets for training models are described. Finally, it discusses performance evaluation metrics and challenges in the field. The main focus is on deep learning approaches optimized for deployment on edge devices to make pose estimation more accessible.
AI Personal Trainer Using Open CV and Media PipeIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes an AI personal trainer system using computer vision techniques. The system uses OpenCV and MediaPipe to detect a user's body pose and angles in real-time video to correct their form during exercises. It aims to help users safely and effectively work out at home without a physical trainer. The system would also connect users with similar fitness goals to encourage motivation. The researchers believe this AI trainer could make exercise more accessible and convenient for users.
The document describes a wearable simulation suit that was designed to improve realism for medical training simulations. The suit includes a protective shroud and compressible rib system to allow trainees to safely practice CPR on a live actor wearing the suit. A graphical user interface allows simulation administrators to select different heartbeat waveforms for the suit to output to an EKG monitor, generating realistic digital cardiac events for different training scenarios. The suit aims to foster future development of simulation technology by incorporating key functionalities into a prototype that protects the actor while remaining compressible and outputting an electric pulse similar to a real heartbeat.
Isokinetic Football Medicine Conference London 2016 - Real Time Dynamic Asses...Kerith Aginsky
This document discusses using real-time 3D motion capture technology to assess movement quality and risk of ACL reinjury in football players returning to sport. 25 elite male football players performed drop jumps, single leg squats, and other tests which were analyzed for biomechanics using the technology. Results showed asymmetry, excessive knee valgus, and other high risk movements. The system can establish baselines, guide rehab to correct mechanics, and help clear players for return to play by ensuring safe, symmetrical movement quality. This pilot study aims to develop normative data to establish evidence-based return to sport guidelines for football players post-ACL injury.
Applied Biomechanics – a multifaceted approach to answering human movement qu...InsideScientific
Experts review the basic principles of biomechanics and how the study of human movement has evolved over time. Presenters highlight examples in applied kinematics, applied kinetics and applied neuromuscular/motor control and demonstrate how methodologies vary depending on the field of study or area of expertise.
This presentation talks about the design and development of a sophisticated exoskeleton named "Rehabilitation Assistance Exo - Skeleton (RAES)" which helps paraplegic patients to walk again.
This document discusses meshing the human lumbar spine for finite element analysis (FEA). It describes how CT scan data was used to generate 3D models of vertebrae in the lumbar spine. Each vertebra was then meshed using techniques like circular lines, shell elements, and solid mapping to create a hybrid mesh. The meshed vertebrae were then connected together along with intervertebral discs. Loads applied to the neck and pelvis allowed large displacement simulation to predict deformation and stresses. An implant was introduced between discs in the FEA model to study stresses before and after a surgical procedure. The meshing techniques allowed NuVasive to use FEA to analyze the human lumbar spine.
This document discusses meshing the human lumbar spine for finite element analysis (FEA). It describes how CT scan data was used to generate 3D models of vertebrae in the lumbar spine. Each vertebra was then meshed using techniques like circular lines, shell elements, and solid mapping to create hybrid meshes that could accurately model the complex geometry. The fully meshed lumbar spine model was then used in FEA to predict stresses before and after a spinal surgical procedure, helping NuVasive evaluate implant designs.
Challenges in Physical Modeling for Adaptation of Cyber-Physical SystemsIvan Ruchkin
Physical models are important but difficult to build for adaptive cyber-physical systems (CPS). A single modeling formalism is not enough, and formalisms should be selected based on their expressiveness, supported analyses, and the relevant engineering expertise. Physical models should be obtained in a way that maximizes their value, analytical power, and fragility. Both theory-driven and data-driven approaches have tradeoffs. Finally, physical models should be treated as first-class entities in adaptation and be continuously adapted based on their predicted value and computational cost at runtime.
This document describes research into developing a smart compression bandage using shape memory alloys for treating lower extremity disorders. The bandage would wrap around the leg and apply adjustable and intermittent compression, mimicking muscle contractions, through the actuation of shape memory alloy fibers in response to electrical stimulation. Initial prototypes were able to apply pressures comparable to compression stockings and be controlled to provide variable compression levels through an electrical current. Ongoing work includes improving the bandage's ability to mimic natural muscle movements and contractions, integrating sensors, and testing with human subjects.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
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Similar to The Digital Astronaut Project: Applying computational modeling and simulation to inform space life science research
Design of a non-invasive Hip Exoskeleton DISCLAIMERThis repo.docxtheodorelove43763
Design of a non-invasive Hip Exoskeleton DISCLAIMER
This report was prepared by students as part of a university course requirement. While considerable effort has been put into the project, it is not the work of licensed engineers and has not undergone the extensive verification that is common in the profession. The information, data, conclusions, and content of this report should not be relied upon or utilized without thorough, independent testing and verification. University faculty members may have been associated with this project as advisors, sponsors, or course instructors, but as such they are not responsible for the accuracy of results or conclusions.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Team project’s is to design Hip Exoskeleton for children to assist their ability to walk. In general exoskeleton is a wearable device that can help and assist individuals with neuromuscular disorder. Hip exoskeleton is a device that assists the lower body of a person to help stabilization and walking performance. The team’s target is children from four to sixteen years old also will focus on the mechanical aspect of the hip exoskeleton such as the frame, motors and design in general. There are different requirements that the team focused in order to develop a design that functions effectively and improve the design. These requirements include the customer and the engineering requirements. These requirements serve to fulfil the deficiencies that were identified in the existing devices.
Purpose:
The purpose of this project is to facilitate stabilization in children with cerebral palsy and decrease the metabolic cost of walking in children.
Goal:
The project goal is to focus on developing a hip exoskeleton, using motors, and sensors to improve the user’s hip movements and strength. In addition to deliver a design that meets all customers’ needs and engineering requirements.
The design:
The design comprises of three subsystems pelvic, thigh and actuator subsystems. These subsystems will collaborate with the signal produced by the body to provide adequate support to the hip joints of the user. The team is only focusing on the mechanical aspect of this project for the electrical component will be provided by the client.
1.0 BACKGROUND 1.1 Introduction
Exoskeletons are wearable devices that function alongside the user’s body parts. The design of an exoskeleton depends on various factors such as the purpose and the target body parts that require support. The team will develop a lightweight and cost-effective exoskeleton by making adjustments and improvements on the existing hip exoskeletons [2]. The purpose of making this exoskeleton from the existing design is to help support walking at the hip joint. Exoskeletons are used in different sectors such as healthcare, sports, military and rehabilitation facilities. They are used to assist individuals with hip and back issues to walk and maintain a stable posture. The previous design of the exoskeleton is robotic and costly be.
Design of a non-invasive Hip Exoskeleton DISCLAIMERThis repo.docxcarolinef5
Design of a non-invasive Hip Exoskeleton DISCLAIMER
This report was prepared by students as part of a university course requirement. While considerable effort has been put into the project, it is not the work of licensed engineers and has not undergone the extensive verification that is common in the profession. The information, data, conclusions, and content of this report should not be relied upon or utilized without thorough, independent testing and verification. University faculty members may have been associated with this project as advisors, sponsors, or course instructors, but as such they are not responsible for the accuracy of results or conclusions.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Team project’s is to design Hip Exoskeleton for children to assist their ability to walk. In general exoskeleton is a wearable device that can help and assist individuals with neuromuscular disorder. Hip exoskeleton is a device that assists the lower body of a person to help stabilization and walking performance. The team’s target is children from four to sixteen years old also will focus on the mechanical aspect of the hip exoskeleton such as the frame, motors and design in general. There are different requirements that the team focused in order to develop a design that functions effectively and improve the design. These requirements include the customer and the engineering requirements. These requirements serve to fulfil the deficiencies that were identified in the existing devices.
The purpose of this project is to facilitate stabilization in children with cerebral palsy and decrease the metabolic cost of walking in children.
The project goal is to focus on developing a hip exoskeleton, using motors, and sensors to improve the user’s hip movements and strength. In addition to deliver a design that meets all customers’ needs and engineering requirements.
The design comprises of three subsystems pelvic, thigh and actuator subsystems. These subsystems will collaborate with the signal produced by the body to provide adequate support to the hip joints of the user. The team is only focusing on the mechanical aspect of this project for the electrical component will be provided by the client.
1.0 BACKGROUND 1.1 Introduction
Exoskeletons are wearable devices that function alongside the user’s body parts. The design of an exoskeleton depends on various factors such as the purpose and the target body parts that require support. The team will develop a lightweight and cost-effective exoskeleton by making adjustments and improvements on the existing hip exoskeletons [2]. The purpose of making this exoskeleton from the existing design is to help support walking at the hip joint. Exoskeletons are used in different sectors such as healthcare, sports, military and rehabilitation facilities. They are used to assist individuals with hip and back issues to walk and maintain a stable posture. The previous design of the exoskeleton is robotic and costly because of the components u.
Ruzena Bajcsy - Personalized Modeling for HRIDaniel Huber
The document discusses personalized modeling approaches for human-robot interaction. It describes four main classes of human models: kinematic, kinematic/dynamic, musculoskeletal, and models that represent human interaction with agents. Each class has specific goals and applications. For example, kinematic models are used for motion analysis while kinematic/dynamic models enable collaborative robot manipulation tasks. The document emphasizes that accounting for individual human differences through personalized models is important for tasks like predicting intent and ensuring safety during physical human-robot interactions.
Paper review - Biomechanical modeling as a practical tool for predicting inju...Hiranthi Tennakoon
Biomechanical modeling as a practical tool for predicting injury risk related to repetitive muscle lengthening during learning and training of human complex motor skills
This document summarizes a study that used patient-specific bone geometry and microstructure data from a μCT scan to create a finite element analysis model comparing tibial implant materials. An iterative process was used to determine the representative volume element cube size to capture bone microstructure properties. A tibial implant geometry was meshed and constant loading was applied to model bone stresses. The results found Von Mises stresses in the bone were below yield limits and stresses were slightly lower for a Co-Cr-Mo implant material versus a Ti-Al material, since Co-Cr-Mo is stiffer. The study concluded that numerical modeling can improve implant design and performance through more tailored, patient-specific evaluations under different conditions.
This document describes a senior design project to design a knee injury simulator for Dr. Smolinski's orthopaedic engineering lab. The simulator aims to reproduce knee impacts from drop landings to study ACL injury mechanisms. A previous group developed external loading mechanisms, and this group's objectives are to design thigh and foot fixtures and integrate an impact mechanism. The impactor must drop from 24 inches to reliably create ACL injuries for evaluation of prevention and treatment techniques with the goal of reducing injuries and improving outcomes. The design will be iterated and tested with the sponsor to meet specifications before a functional prototype is manufactured and tested.
This document discusses the evolution of the Human Biometrics Sensor Interaction (HBSI) model for evaluating biometric systems. It describes gaps in traditional biometric testing, such as not considering how users interact with devices. The HBSI model aims to address these gaps by developing metrics to measure human-sensor interactions. The document outlines different versions of the HBSI model and how it is being expanded to incorporate factors like age, gender, environmental conditions. It also discusses using the Microsoft Kinect to help automate coding of interactions in the HBSI model.
Development of micro precise robotic systems for retinal therapy deliveryKatieRCN
This document discusses the development of robotic systems for delivering cellular therapies to the retina. Age-related macular degeneration causes vision loss for 600,000 people in the UK alone. Manually delivering therapies is challenging due to constraints of the operating room and patient anatomy. Researchers are developing co-manipulated and single-arm flexible robotic systems to overcome these challenges. Co-manipulated systems enhance dexterity while maintaining direct clinical supervision. Single-arm flexible systems offer dexterity akin to a micro-sized wrist and increased capacity for interventions, though control is counterintuitive. The goal is to create micro-precise robotic tools to replace lost cells in the retina for conditions like macular degeneration.
AI Personal Trainer Using Open CV and Media PipeIRJET Journal
This document summarizes previous work on developing an AI personal trainer using computer vision techniques. It discusses early research using the Kinect camera for body posture detection. Later works applied machine learning and deep learning models to activity recognition in gyms and used OpenPose for pose detection in pre-recorded videos. To enable real-time detection, approaches categorized models as kinematic, planar and volumetric. Convolutional neural networks were also used to estimate 2D poses from single images and increase accuracy. More recent works introduced datasets with whole-body annotations and used a single network to address scale variance across body parts. The goal of this project is to build upon these techniques to create an AI trainer that analyzes exercise repetitions in real-time videos
The document summarizes a survey on recent developments in human pose estimation. It begins with an introduction to the field and discusses previous surveys. It then covers classifications of pose estimation like 2D vs 3D, single vs multiple person, top-down vs bottom-up approaches. Popular datasets for training models are described. Finally, it discusses performance evaluation metrics and challenges in the field. The main focus is on deep learning approaches optimized for deployment on edge devices to make pose estimation more accessible.
AI Personal Trainer Using Open CV and Media PipeIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes an AI personal trainer system using computer vision techniques. The system uses OpenCV and MediaPipe to detect a user's body pose and angles in real-time video to correct their form during exercises. It aims to help users safely and effectively work out at home without a physical trainer. The system would also connect users with similar fitness goals to encourage motivation. The researchers believe this AI trainer could make exercise more accessible and convenient for users.
The document describes a wearable simulation suit that was designed to improve realism for medical training simulations. The suit includes a protective shroud and compressible rib system to allow trainees to safely practice CPR on a live actor wearing the suit. A graphical user interface allows simulation administrators to select different heartbeat waveforms for the suit to output to an EKG monitor, generating realistic digital cardiac events for different training scenarios. The suit aims to foster future development of simulation technology by incorporating key functionalities into a prototype that protects the actor while remaining compressible and outputting an electric pulse similar to a real heartbeat.
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The Digital Astronaut Project: Applying computational modeling and simulation to inform space life science research
1. The Digital Astronaut Project (DAP)
Applying computational models and
simulations to inform life science research
Lealem Mulugeta
DAP Project Scientist
mulugeta@dsls.usra.edu
lealem.mulugeta@nasa.gov
USRA DSLS Brown Bag Lunch Seminar - April 19th, 2012
2. Acknowledgments
Dr. Jean Sibonga, PhD Christian Otto, MD
HACD Bone Discipline Lead VIIP Project Scientist
Marlei Walton, PhD
IMM Project Scientist
2
3. Overview
• Goals of the Digital Astronaut Project
• Processes DAP follows to accomplish its goals
• The modeling and simulation tools currently under
development
• Video demonstration of the ARED and exercise modules
• Our recent achievements
3
4. Introduction
• Mars and NEO missions will expose astronaut to extended
durations of reduced-gravity, isolation and higher radiation
• These new operation conditions pose health risks that are
not well understood and perhaps unanticipated
• Advanced computational simulation environments can
beneficially augment research to predict, assess and
mitigate potential hazards to astronaut health
• The Digital Astronaut Project (DAP) strives to achieve this
goal
4
6. How Models Can be Applied to Enhance
Life Science Research
6
7. Current Focus Areas
1. Exercise countermeasures modeling and simulation
– Advanced Resistive Exercise Device (ARED)
– Biomechanics of exercise
– Bone adaptation
– Muscle adaptation
– Advanced Exercise Concept Devices
2. Risk of bone fracture
– Bone adaptation
– Biomechanics of post-flight activities for bone load predictions
3. Visual Impairment and Intracranial Pressure (VIIP)
– Preliminary stages
7
11. Exercise Countermeasures Modeling
Targeted HRP risk knowledge gaps:
B15: (a) What exercise protocols are necessary to maintain skeletal health? And
(b) Can exercise hardware be designed to provide these?
M7: Can the current in-flight performance be maintained with reduced exercise
volume?
M8: What is the minimum exercise regimen needed to maintain fitness levels
for tasks?
M9: What is the minimum set of exercise hardware needed to maintain those
(M8) fitness levels?
M24: What is the time course of changes in muscle protein turnover, muscle
mass, and function during long-term spaceflight?
11
12. ARED Hardware Model
• High fidelity dynamics
model of ARED/VIS
developed in MSC Adams™
– Mass and inertial properties
– Friction forces
– Gas laws
• Currently allows for
simulation of bar exercises
only
Modeler: Brad Humphreys 12
17. ARED Exercise Models
• Developed with LifeMOD™ using motion capture data
acquired on the ARED ground unit at JSC
Dead lift Normal Squat Single-leg squat
Muscle Module
Joint Module
Modelers: Nate Newby and Erin Caldwell 17
24. Muscle Adaptation Model
• Conceptual phase
• Enhance the fidelity of muscle representation
in the LifeMOD biomechanics models in terms
of space flight changes
• Gain insight on muscle adaptation factors:
– Neuromuscular drive and activation
– Muscle atrophy and fiber morphology
– Blood flow and intramuscular pressure
– Metabolic processes
– Fatigue
Modeler: Beth Lewandowski, PhD 24
25. Bone Adaptation Model
• Predicted muscle force from biomechanics
models is an input to the bone adaptation
model
• Bone adaptation model factors :
– Cortical bone tissue rate of change
– Bone fluid calcium rate of change
– Biochemical equations
– Mechanical stimulus
– Cellular dynamics
Modeler: Jim Pennline, PhD 25
26. Risk of Bone Fracture
Targeted HRP risk knowledge gaps:
B15: (a) What exercise protocols are necessary to maintain skeletal
health?
B1: (a) Is there an increased lifetime risk of fragility
fractures/osteoporosis in astronauts?
(b) Is bone strength completely recovered post-flight, and does
BMD reflect it?
(c) What are the risk factors for poor recovery of BMD/bone
strength
B30: What are the loads applied to bone in-flight and during EVA
activities and do they increase fracture risk in light of expected
bone loss?
Modeler: Jim Pennline, PhD 26
27. Risk of Bone Fracture
• Implement biomechanical modules to
predict the forces experienced at
specific bone sites during various
activities (not exercise)
• Enhance bone adaptation module to
(Hewett et al., 2008)
determine changes in the macro- and
microstructure of bone during long-
duration spaceflight and implications on
long-term bone health risks
Modeler: Jim Pennline, PhD 27
29. Advanced Exercise Devices Modeling
• Objectives:
1. Gain insight into the efficacy of AEC devices for exercise
countermeasures
2. Provide timely input for design, development, and
refinement of AEC devices
3. Help reduce the time and cost to develop the exercise
devices
4. Help reduce the time and cost to clinically test new exercise
devices
29
30. Visual Impairment and Intracranial Pressure (VIIP)
Intracranial Papilledema
Pressure
Intracranial Changes in visual acuity
Compliance Primary focus:
• biomechanical responses to the of
Intracranial the intracranial and ocular structure
Hemodynamics
while microgravity environment that
may affect visual acuity
Intra-ocular Model types under consideration:
Pressure • Lumped parameter models of the
Cerebrospinal intracranial and spinal compartments
Fluid Flow • Finite element model of the eye
• Computational fluid dynamics of the
intracranial and spinal space
(Adapted from Google Body –
http://bodybrowser.googlelabs.com)
• High fidelity tissue models to capture
nonlinear/viscoelastic properties
30
32. VIIP Targeted Gaps
• VIIP6: How do changes in vascular compliance/ pressures
influence intraocular pressure or intracranial pressure?
• Gap VIIP2: Does exposure to microgravity cause changes in
visual acuity, intraocular pressure and/or intracranial
pressure? Are the effects related to mission duration?
• Gap VIIP4: Are changes in visual acuity related to changes
in:
1) deformation of the optic nerve head;
2) chronic choroidal engorgement;
3) elevated intraocular pressure; and/or
4) intracranial pressure?
32
34. ARED Model used for Flywheel
Preventative Maintenance
• The ARED flywheels were disengaged due to ground
evidence that suggested the flywheel set screws may
back out of their engagement to cause damage to the
ARED
• Substantiation was requested from the ISS Program
Office on whether or not crew time should be allocated
to re-torque the set-screws as a short term fix to buy
enough time to investigate a long-term fix
• The exercise lab at JSC leveraged the Beta ARED
hardware model to partially substantiate the benefit of
having the inertial wheels engaged during exercise
Analysts: Nate Newby, Erin Caldwell and Brad Humphreys 34
35. ARED Model used for Flywheel
Preventative Maintenance
Analysts: Nate Newby, Erin Caldwell and Brad Humphreys 35
36. ARED Model used for Exercise Envelope Analysis
Analysts: Nate Newby and Erin Caldwell 36
37. ARED Model used for Exercise Envelope Analysis
• The ISS Program Office requested an analysis to assess if the
ISS operational envelope for ARED exercise to assess if the
envelope is being exceeded during exercise due to excess
stowage in the exercise area
• DAP modelers used the dead lift/ARED model within the
currently assigned ISS operational envelope for ARED exercise
to assess if the envelope is being exceeded during exercise
• DAP modelers developed a model of a 95th % male
performing a bench press on the ARED to perform the same
analysis
• The results were shared with the ISS Program Office to
determine the necessary operational envelope
Analysts: Nate Newby and Erin Caldwell 37
38. Contributions to the Field for V&V of
Biomedical Models and Simulations
• The FDA is leveraging a lot of the methodologies DAP
and IMM have laid out for verification, validation and
credibility assessment of M&S
• Collaboration talks are currently underway with FDA
• The NIH Multiscale Modeling Working group meeting
in October 2012 is going to have a large emphasis on
V&V and credibility assent
38
39. Synapses
• DAP has established a systematic process to closely
work with researchers to leverage computational
models inform HRP risk knowledge gaps
• Current areas of focus are exercise countermeasures,
risk of bone fracture and VIIP
• Substantial strides have been made in the past year in
biomechanical and exercise device modeling
• Making notable contributions to the field in verification
and validation, and credibility assessment of
computational models
39
40. “All models are wrong, but some are useful.”
- George E. P. Box
41. The DAP Team
Beth Lewandowski, PhD – Muscle Model
Bill Thompson, MS – Squat Integration
Brad Humphreys – Exercise Device Modeling
Chris Sheehan – Exercise Device Modeling Task Lead
Chris Werner – ARED V&V
DeVon Griffin, PhD - Project Manager
Emily Nelson, PhD – VIIP M&S
Erin Caldwell , MS - Biomechanics Modeling and Dead Lift Integration
Jennifer Stein – Exercise Device V&V Processes
Jim Pennline, PhD – Bone Modeling Lead
Jerry Myers, PhD – M&S Advisor
Lealem Mulugeta, MS - Project Scientist
Nate Newby, MS – Biomechanics Modeling and Dead Lift integration
41
43. DAP Mission Statement
The DAP implements well-vetted computational models
to predict and assess spaceflight health and performance
risks, and enhance countermeasure development. The
DAP aims to accomplish these goals by:
1. Partnering with subject matter experts to address Human
Research Program (HRP) knowledge gaps and countermeasure
development decisions
2. Modeling, simulating, and analyzing the physiologic responses
to exposure to reduced gravity and analog environments
3. Providing timely input to mission architecture and operations
decisions in areas where clinical data are lacking
43
44. NASA Standard 7009
A comprehensive set of requirements and
processes for developing and applying
models and simulations, while ensuring
appropriate verification, validation and
credibility of the M&S results
44
45. NASA-STD-7009 Background
• NASA M&S that impact on the crew or mission will be
required to follow NASA-STD-7009, including biological
models
• It was initially developed for engineering systems
• DAP and Integrated Medical Model (IMM) have
adapted NASA-STD-7009 for biomedical models for
clinical and research applications
• Given the highly comprehensive nature of the
standard, DAP and IMM are working to establish a
systematic process to apply it to vet M&S
45