Using a starter for homemade bread allows the dough to ferment slowly, improving flavor and texture over direct yeast methods. A starter is a simple mixture of flour, water, and yeast that is allowed to ferment before being added to bread dough in place of or in addition to more yeast. Common starter types include biga, poolish, and preferment, which differ in water content. Starter breads take longer to prepare but result in better flavor and texture than quick yeast breads and have a longer shelf life.