Dr Steve Cummings presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Patients receiving bisphosphonates should not take holidays from treatment.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Prof. Richard Eastell's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Patients receiving bisphosphonates should take holidays from treatment. The case for holidays.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Dr Steve Cummings presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Patients receiving bisphosphonates should not take holidays from treatment.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Prof. Richard Eastell's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Patients receiving bisphosphonates should take holidays from treatment. The case for holidays.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Dr Trevor Cole's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: From family history to epigenetics of osteoporosis.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Dr Jennifer Walsh's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Management of osteoporosis in the young adult.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Prof. Jon Tobias's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: What are the properties of the perfect therapy?
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Dr. Sehdev explains bone health as it relates to cancer, including bone metastases, treatment options, the impact of cancer treatment on bone health, and what you can do to keep your bones strong.
Prof. Richard Keen's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Teaching old dogs new tricks? Combination therapy in osteoporosis.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Kate Ward's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Relationships between muscle function and bone microarchitecture in the Hertfordshire cohort study.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Prof. Jon Tobias's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Day-to-day levels of high impact physical activity are positively related to lower limb bone strength in older women: findings from a population based study using accelerometers to classify impact magnitude.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Dr Trevor Cole's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: From family history to epigenetics of osteoporosis.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Dr Jennifer Walsh's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Management of osteoporosis in the young adult.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Prof. Jon Tobias's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: What are the properties of the perfect therapy?
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Dr. Sehdev explains bone health as it relates to cancer, including bone metastases, treatment options, the impact of cancer treatment on bone health, and what you can do to keep your bones strong.
Prof. Richard Keen's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Teaching old dogs new tricks? Combination therapy in osteoporosis.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Kate Ward's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Relationships between muscle function and bone microarchitecture in the Hertfordshire cohort study.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Prof. Jon Tobias's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Day-to-day levels of high impact physical activity are positively related to lower limb bone strength in older women: findings from a population based study using accelerometers to classify impact magnitude.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Know everything about Osteoporosis- prevention and management.
Did You Know?
The incidence of hip fracture is 1 woman to 1 man in India
Know more such facts and useful information on prevention of Osteoporosis.
Elizabeth Curtis's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Variation in UK fracture incidence by age, sex, geography, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and time: results from the UK CPRD:
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Frank de Vries's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: The epidemiology of mortality after fragility fracture in England and Wales.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Arti Gauvri Bhimjiyani's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: The effect of social deprivation on hip fracture incidence has not changed over 10 years in England.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Bo Abrahamsen's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Surgically treated osteonecrosis and osteomyelitis of the jaw and oral cavity in patients highly adherent to alendronate treatment.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Prof. Nicholas Harvey's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: Calcium, with or without vitamin D supplementation, is not associated with ischaemic heart disease or cardiac death: the UK Biobank cohort.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Arti Gauvri Bhimjiyani's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: The effect of social deprivation on hip fracture incidence has not changed over 10 years in England.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
Frank de Vries's presentation from Osteoporosis 2016: The epidemiology of mortality after fragility fracture in England and Wales.
Find out more at: https://nos.org.uk/conference
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stockrebeccabio
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stock
Telegram: bmksupplier
signal: +85264872720
threema: TUD4A6YC
You can contact me on Telegram or Threema
Communicate promptly and reply
Free of customs clearance, Double Clearance 100% pass delivery to USA, Canada, Spain, Germany, Netherland, Poland, Italy, Sweden, UK, Czech Republic, Australia, Mexico, Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan.Door to door service
Hot Selling Organic intermediates
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
Email / Skype : kefaya1771@gmail.com
Threema: PXHY5PDH
New BATCH Ku !!! MUCH IN DEMAND FAST SALE EVERY BATCH HAPPY GOOD EFFECT BIG BATCH !
Contact me on Threema or skype to start big business!!
Hot-sale products:
NEW HOT EUTYLONE WHITE CRYSTAL!!
5cl-adba precursor (semi finished )
5cl-adba raw materials
ADBB precursor (semi finished )
ADBB raw materials
APVP powder
5fadb/4f-adb
Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
Metonitazene CAS: 14680-51-4
Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
3. ∗ 73 year old man presented with recent onset
of back pain and weight loss.
∗ X-rays showed multiple vertebral fractures.
∗ PMH AF controlled with amiodarone.
∗ Non smoker, little alcohol.
∗ Differential diagnosis?
Case 1
4. ∗ FBP
∗ Admission profile, bone profile, PSA
∗ ESR / CRP
∗ PPE, Bence Jones
∗ Testosterone
∗ TFTs, 24hr urinary cortisol
∗ Coeliac screen
Case 1 Investigations
5.
6.
7.
8.
9. ∗ T4 96.9 pmol/L
∗ TSH < 0.02 mu/L
∗ Hyperthyroidism secondary to
amiodarone
Case 1 Diagnosis
10. ∗ Increased frequency of bone remodelling
∗ Shortened cycle with bone formation
shortened more than resorption
∗ Leads to loss of bone with each cycle
∗ relative increased Ca -- decreased PTH--
decreased 1-25 Vit D -- decreased Ca
absorption and increased Ca excretion
Hyperthroidism and Bone
11. ∗ Increased fracture rate
X 3 to 4 increased rate & only in part related
through BMD.
Hyperthyroidism and Fracture
12. ∗ BMD increases on average 4% in first year.
∗ BMD returns to normal range within 3-5 yrs.
∗ But there remains an increased fracture rate
for up to 5 years.
∗ Therefore in severe osteoporosis use
antiresorptive therapy for 3-5 years.
Correction of Hyperthyroidism
Bone response
16. ∗ 51 year old man # elbow after fall off bicycle,
March 2017
∗ Keen club cyclist
∗ Previous #s in falls off bike
∗ Hip 2007
∗ Pubic ramus 2013
Case 2
17.
18.
19. ∗ FBP
∗ Admission profile, bone profile, PSA
∗ ESR / CRP
∗ PPE, Bence Jones
∗ Testosterone
∗ TFTs, 24hr urinary cortisol and calcium
∗ Coeliac screen
∗ All normal
Case 2 Investigations
20.
21. ∗ Sherk et al. (2014)14 cycling (F)>1 year of competition history26–41Longitudinal (1 year) BMD of the hip decreases 1–2% after a
year of training and competition.
∗ Gómez-Bruton et al. (2013) 20 cycling19 control (M)10 h/wk16.4
Cross-sectional Lower BMD of young cyclists in some places.
∗ Guillaume et al.(2012)29 cycling (M)25,000–30,000 km/year26–5 Descriptive ND between groups on calcium and vitamin D
intake
∗ Nichols et al.(2011)19 cycling
18 control (M)11.1 h/wk
4.5 h/wk50–57Longitudinal (7 years) Cycling has not demonstrated positive effects on BMD. High rate of
osteopenia/osteoporosis in cyclists (84.2% and 89.5% after seven years)
∗ Abe et al.(2014) 14 cycling (masters)13 moderately active youngsters (M)17 years of training 20–71 Cross-sectional BMD lower
in femoral neck of cyclists versus control. ND in BMD of lumbar spine.
∗ Olmedillas et al. (2011)21 cycling
23 control (M)10 h/wk 4 h/wk15–21 Cross-sectional Lower BMD of the hip, leg and pelvis of cyclists versus control
∗ Campion et al. (2010)30 cycling
30 control (M)22–25 h/wk
<1 h/wk29 ± 3 28 ± 4 Cross-sectional Professional cycling affected negatively BMD (femoral neck: −18%)
∗ Penteado et al.(2010)31 cycling
28 control 21 h/wk20–30 Cross-sectional ND in BMD versus control
∗ Barry et al.(2008)14 cycling (M)>450 h/y27–44 Two groups: low and high doses of calcium supplementation during one year
Both groups decreased BMD of the hip and sub-regions, regardless of calcium intake
∗ Rector et al.(2008) 27 cycling 18 marathon (M)≥6 h/wk≥6 h/wk20–59 Cross-sectional 63% of cyclists had lumbar spine
osteopenia and were 7-fold times more likely to have osteopenia
Cycling and BMD
22. ∗ Is low BMD in cyclists associated with higher
fracture rate?
∗ Why low BMD?
∗ Effect of Skeletal loading on osteocyte
∗ Lazy Bones may be right !
∗ Advise weight bearing exercise
Cycling and Fracture
24. ∗ 68 year old man presented with tiredness
after small CVA.
∗ PMH of AF.
∗ Lower thoracic back pain
Case 3
25.
26.
27.
28. ∗ FBP
∗ Admission profile, bone profile, PSA
∗ ESR / CRP
∗ PPE, Bence Jones
∗ Testosterone
∗ TFTs, 24hr urinary cortisol and calcium
∗ Coeliac screen
∗ Testosterone 2.8 (6.7-25.7)
Case 3 Investigations
29. ∗ Very aware of postmenopausal bone loss. but
hypogonadism in men?
∗ Studies suggest up to 50% of osteoporosis in men is
secondary.
∗ Alcohol probably accounts for half of this and
hypogonadism ? a quarter.
Hypogonadism and Osteoporosis
30. ∗ Testosterone(T) has direct effect on bone cells
through androgen receptor.
∗ T has indirect effect through peripheral
conversion of T to oestrogen via aromatase in fat
tissue.
∗ Stronger correlation between oestrogen and
BMD and fractures than T in men.
∗ Low T could be linked to increased fracture rate
through reduced muscle strength and falls
Testosterone and bone
31. ∗ Treat hypogonadism in men when it is
symptomatic.
∗ Treat osteoporosis with bisphosphonates
(Denosumab) as per guidelines.
∗ Treat osteoporosis with testosterone
replacement when there is no alternative
therapy available.
Treatment
32. ∗ Aromatase inhibitors
∗ Treat when T score is less than -2.0
∗ Androgen deprivation therapy
∗ Treat with bisphosphonates ( oral, iv)
∗ Denosumab licensed USA
Iatrogenic
34. ∗ 45 year old man presented with acute mid
thoracic back pain.
∗ Keen runner up to marathon level.
∗ Fatigue recently, not running and weight gain.
∗ No past medical history.
∗ X-rays showed 3 thoracic vertebral fractures
Case 4
35. ∗ FBP
∗ Admission profile, bone profile, PSA
∗ ESR / CRP
∗ PPE, Bence Jones
∗ Testosterone
∗ TFTs, 24hr urinary cortisol and calcium
∗ Coeliac screen
∗ Urine Cortisol 4020 (<210) and subsequent CT
showed adrenal carcinoma
Case 4 Investigations
36.
37.
38.
39.
40. ∗ Endogenous is very rare compared with
exogenous corticosteroids.
∗ Complex effect on bone metabolism.
∗ Direct bone cell effects with initial rapid
increase in bone resorption followed by long
term decrease in bone formation.
∗ Indirect effects through Vit D and calcium,
growth hormones, IGF and hypogonadism.
Glucocorticoid Induced Osteoporosis
(GIO)
41. ∗ Standard relationship between BMD and
fracture risk does not apply.
∗ In GIO apply higher threshold for treatment
( T score -1.5).
∗ Bone microstructure is important.
∗ Trabecular bone is affected most.
∗ Vertebral fractures are often asymptomatic.
GIO and Fracture
42. ∗ Lifestyle, weight bearing exercise.
∗ Calcium (1000mg) and Vit D (800iu).
∗ Depending on fracture risk
∗ Bisphosphonates oral (IV)
∗ Denosumab if C/I to bisphosphonates.
∗ New ACR guidelines
∗ Pred dose 2.5mg for > 3 months or 5 gm total
∗ Based on fracture risk and age < or > 40yrs.
Management of GIO