This document provides an overview of service-oriented architecture (SOA) and microservice architecture. It defines SOA as an approach that makes software components reusable via well-defined service interfaces. SOA aims to make it easy for businesses to grow by adding new interoperable services. Microservice architecture is described as a variant of SOA where applications are composed of many small, independent services. The document also discusses SOA principles, components, integration strategies and key drivers for adopting SOA in enterprises.
SOA involves breaking large applications into smaller, independent services that communicate with each other, while monolith architecture keeps all application code and components together within a single codebase; services in SOA should have well-defined interfaces and be loosely coupled, stateless, and reusable; components of SOA include services, service consumers, registries, transports, and protocols like SOAP and REST that allow services to communicate.
Service oriented architecture characteristics of soasmithaps4
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is a design pattern for building distributed systems using services. A service is a self-contained function that can be used by applications and other services. SOA uses loosely coupled, message-based communication between services. Contemporary SOA promotes qualities like autonomy, interoperability, reuse, and loose coupling through standardized service interfaces and compositions.
The document provides information about Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). It discusses the characteristics, principles, evolution and comparison of SOA with past architectures like client-server and distributed architectures. Some key points include:
- SOA decomposes automation logic into smaller distinct units called services.
- It evolved from XML, then web services, and is now modeled with three components - service requestor, provider and registry.
- Services encapsulate logic and relate/communicate through service descriptions and messages.
- Common characteristics of SOA include being autonomous, using open standards, supporting vendor diversity, discovery, interoperability and loose coupling.
- SOA is compared to past application and enterprise architectures and
The document discusses Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). It defines SOA as a collection of services that communicate with each other. These communication units are called services. Communication can involve simple data passing or coordinating an activity between two or more services. The document also discusses the evolution of SOA including the roles of XML, web services, and how SOA is defined with service requestors, providers, and registries. Key characteristics of SOA are also outlined such as being service-based, specification-based, combinable, reusable, and more. Past architectures like client-server and distributed architectures are also compared to SOA.
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) emphasizes using services as components that can be accessed and utilized independently. In a cloud-based SOA architecture, modular services are designed to be interoperable and reusable across applications. These services are accessed through web APIs and can be easily deployed, updated, and scaled on demand in the cloud to meet changing needs. Combining SOA with cloud computing provides organizations with a flexible, scalable approach to building software systems.
The document discusses the key components of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). SOA is based on coarse-grained services that expose their capabilities through standardized interfaces and messages. The core SOA components are:
1) Services which implement discrete pieces of application logic and are autonomous, reusable modules accessible via messages.
2) Service contracts which define the messages and interfaces that a service supports.
3) Endpoints which are addresses where services can be accessed.
4) Messages which are the units of communication between services in the form of requests and responses.
5) Policies which govern a service's behavior and are set externally to the service.
6) Service consumers which interact with
The document provides an introduction and overview of SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) concepts from the perspective of the author's experience working with SOA over many years. It discusses key SOA principles like reuse, flexibility and loose coupling. It also examines different approaches to service orientation and defines criteria for evaluating whether a system is truly service oriented. The importance of defining good service interfaces and contracts is emphasized.
SOA involves breaking large applications into smaller, independent services that communicate with each other, while monolith architecture keeps all application code and components together within a single codebase; services in SOA should have well-defined interfaces and be loosely coupled, stateless, and reusable; components of SOA include services, service consumers, registries, transports, and protocols like SOAP and REST that allow services to communicate.
Service oriented architecture characteristics of soasmithaps4
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is a design pattern for building distributed systems using services. A service is a self-contained function that can be used by applications and other services. SOA uses loosely coupled, message-based communication between services. Contemporary SOA promotes qualities like autonomy, interoperability, reuse, and loose coupling through standardized service interfaces and compositions.
The document provides information about Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). It discusses the characteristics, principles, evolution and comparison of SOA with past architectures like client-server and distributed architectures. Some key points include:
- SOA decomposes automation logic into smaller distinct units called services.
- It evolved from XML, then web services, and is now modeled with three components - service requestor, provider and registry.
- Services encapsulate logic and relate/communicate through service descriptions and messages.
- Common characteristics of SOA include being autonomous, using open standards, supporting vendor diversity, discovery, interoperability and loose coupling.
- SOA is compared to past application and enterprise architectures and
The document discusses Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). It defines SOA as a collection of services that communicate with each other. These communication units are called services. Communication can involve simple data passing or coordinating an activity between two or more services. The document also discusses the evolution of SOA including the roles of XML, web services, and how SOA is defined with service requestors, providers, and registries. Key characteristics of SOA are also outlined such as being service-based, specification-based, combinable, reusable, and more. Past architectures like client-server and distributed architectures are also compared to SOA.
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) emphasizes using services as components that can be accessed and utilized independently. In a cloud-based SOA architecture, modular services are designed to be interoperable and reusable across applications. These services are accessed through web APIs and can be easily deployed, updated, and scaled on demand in the cloud to meet changing needs. Combining SOA with cloud computing provides organizations with a flexible, scalable approach to building software systems.
The document discusses the key components of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). SOA is based on coarse-grained services that expose their capabilities through standardized interfaces and messages. The core SOA components are:
1) Services which implement discrete pieces of application logic and are autonomous, reusable modules accessible via messages.
2) Service contracts which define the messages and interfaces that a service supports.
3) Endpoints which are addresses where services can be accessed.
4) Messages which are the units of communication between services in the form of requests and responses.
5) Policies which govern a service's behavior and are set externally to the service.
6) Service consumers which interact with
The document provides an introduction and overview of SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) concepts from the perspective of the author's experience working with SOA over many years. It discusses key SOA principles like reuse, flexibility and loose coupling. It also examines different approaches to service orientation and defines criteria for evaluating whether a system is truly service oriented. The importance of defining good service interfaces and contracts is emphasized.
This document discusses service-oriented architecture (SOA). It defines SOA as an architecture based on reusable services that are loosely coupled and provide platform, technology, and language independence. The document outlines SOA principles like standardized service contracts, loose coupling, abstraction, and others. It also discusses SOA implementation steps, the value of SOA for businesses and technologies, and when SOA may not be recommended.
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is an architectural style that defines how components should be loosely coupled, modular, and have well-defined interfaces so that they can be reused across multiple applications and systems. A service is a reusable component that can be used as a building block to form larger, more complex business applications. SOA aims to allow services to be accessed without knowledge of their underlying platform implementation by defining standard protocols for services to communicate with each other.
Service Oriented Architecture.
SOA is a style of architecting applications in such a way that they are composed of discrete software agents that have simple, well defined interfaces and are orchestrated through a loose coupling to perform a required function.
The document discusses Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and the Business Process Execution Language (BPEL). It defines SOA as an architectural style that allows for interoperability and flexibility. BPEL is introduced as an XML-based language used to specify business processes composed of discrete web services. Key concepts covered include the need for SOA to address heterogeneous systems and changing business needs, the role of services, and how BPEL allows the orchestration of services to create composite applications and implement business processes.
The document discusses Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and the role of the Business Process Execution Language (BPEL). It defines SOA as an architectural style that allows components to work together through standardized interfaces. BPEL is presented as an XML-based language used to specify business processes composed of discrete web services. BPEL allows the orchestration of services by defining message sequences and processing logic. It bridges the bottom-up exposure of services and the top-down definition of business processes in SOA.
This document provides an overview of key topics related to system oriented architecture (SOA). It discusses SOA introduction, definition, architecture, services, connections, implementation using Java web services, requirements, principles, architectural principles, implementation, cloud computing, traditional vs SOA architecture diagrams, the SOA life cycle, and examples. The document is intended to introduce foundational concepts of SOA.
This document provides an overview of microservices, including:
- What microservices are and how they differ from monolithic architectures and SOA.
- Common microservice design patterns like aggregator, proxy, chained, and asynchronous messaging.
- Operational challenges of microservices like infrastructure, load balancing, monitoring.
- How microservices compare to SOA in terms of independence, scalability, and technology diversity.
- Key security considerations for microservices related to network access, authentication, and operational complexity.
This document discusses service-oriented architecture (SOA). It defines SOA as a style of software design where discrete units of functionality (services) can be accessed remotely over a network to form applications. Services must be self-contained, independent of vendors/products, and able to represent business activities. SOA allows components to communicate and cooperate over a network using standards and technologies. It also discusses the roles of service providers, brokers/registries, and requesters/consumers. Benefits of SOA include reusability, simplifying legacy system integration, and giving organizations more control over problem-solving in a standardized way.
An Empirical Study on Testing of SOA based ServicesAbhishek Kumar
This document provides an empirical study on testing of service-oriented architecture (SOA) based services. It discusses SOA testing perspectives from different stakeholder views, different levels of SOA testing including unit, integration, system and regression testing. It also outlines the challenges of SOA testing due to its distributed, dynamic and heterogeneous nature. Traditional testing approaches are centralized and static, while SOA testing requires a collaborative approach across service providers, integrators and clients.
5 ijitcs v7-n1-7-an empirical study on testing of soa based servicesAbhishek Srivastava
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) removed the gap between software and business. Today, there is a business transformation among enterprises and they adopt a service based information technology (IT) model. So, testing is necessary for SOA based applications. This paper investigates different type of approaches and techniques that address the testing problems of SOA based services. Here we also investigate the differences between SOA and web services and traditional testing and SOA testing. Various testing levels are also discussed in detail. This paper also expresses various testing perspectives, challenges of SOA testing and review the many testing approaches and identify the problems that improve the testability of SOA based services.
This document provides an overview of web services including:
- The architecture of web services involving service providers, requestors, and registries.
- How web services work using a request-response pattern with XML messages and WSDL descriptions.
- The main types of web services: SOAP and REST.
- Advantages like exposing business functions over the internet and interoperability.
- Disadvantages such as lack of callbacks, transactions, availability, and security issues.
Contemporary research challenges and applications of service oriented archite...Dr. Shahanawaj Ahamad
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is distributed architectural framework that provides service-based
solutions for improving the effectiveness of enterprise’s IT infrastructure. In this framework, technical and
business processes are implemented as services. A service is an independent software application that has been
designed to perform a specific function with emphasis on loose coupling between interacting services and their
components. SOA permits developers to utilize many of the resources from existing services to form the
distributed applications. This study has investigated to highlight the emerging issues of SOA such as service
structures advancement, requirements of evolution for current age applications like mobile-cloud, medical and
mechanism for interoperable operations. The paper also uncovers the practical application domains of SOA. It
has identified research attentions in these domains with detection of issues to carry further research to
overcome constraints in current scenarios.
MULTIVIEW SOA : EXTENDING SOA USING A PRIVATE CLOUD COMPUTING AS SAAS AND DAASijseajournal
This work is based on two major areas, the Multiview Service Oriented Architecture and the combination between the computing cloud and MV-SOA. Thus, it is suggested to extend firstly the service oriented architecture (SOA) into an architecture called MV-SOA by adding two components, the Multiview service generator, whose role is to transform the classic service into Multiview service, and the data base, this component seeks to stock all of consumer service information. It is also suggested to combine the computing cloud and Multiview Service Oriented Architecture MVSOA. To reach such combination, the
MVSOA architecture was taken and we added to the client-side a private cloud in SaaS and DaaS.
This document provides an overview of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and its enabling technologies. It discusses key SOA principles like loose coupling, standardized service contracts, and service reusability. The document also covers major SOA objectives, benefits, architecture layers, and the differences between SOA and web services. Web services are described as a standardized way for applications to communicate over the web using XML, SOAP, WSDL and other standards. The document contrasts SOA with public-subscribe and pull-based vs push-based messaging architectures.
This document discusses service-oriented architecture (SOA) and related concepts. It defines SOA as a software design pattern based on discrete software modules called services that collectively provide application functionality. SOA allows services to easily cooperate over a network through standardized communication. The document outlines the evolution of SOA from earlier paradigms like object-orientation, different types of SOA, and key SOA concepts like loose coupling and interoperability. It also discusses merits and limitations of the SOA approach.
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a collection of services that communicate with each other. These services can involve simple data passing or more complex coordination of activities between multiple services. SOA is based on fundamental concepts of services being business-focused, specification-based, and reusable. Services can also be combined to execute larger business processes. SOA evolved from past architectures like client-server and distributed systems and aims to provide loose coupling between services and support interoperability through open standards.
Microservices are a software development technique—a variant of the service-oriented architecture (SOA) architectural style that structures an application as a collection of loosely coupled services. In a microservices architecture, services are fine-grained and the protocols are lightweight.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
The document discusses service-oriented architecture (SOA). It begins by contrasting old architectures with new architectures, noting that new architectures reduce costs and complexity while improving availability, scalability, and reusability. It then defines some key characteristics of SOA services, such as being coarse-grained, interfacable, locatable, and loosely coupled. It also describes some common types of SOA services, such as presentation services, business services, and data access services. Finally, it outlines several principles of SOA, including standardized service contracts, loose coupling between services, service abstraction, reusability, autonomy, statelessness, discoverability, and composability.
This document discusses service-oriented architecture (SOA). It defines SOA as an architecture based on reusable services that are loosely coupled and provide platform, technology, and language independence. The document outlines SOA principles like standardized service contracts, loose coupling, abstraction, and others. It also discusses SOA implementation steps, the value of SOA for businesses and technologies, and when SOA may not be recommended.
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is an architectural style that defines how components should be loosely coupled, modular, and have well-defined interfaces so that they can be reused across multiple applications and systems. A service is a reusable component that can be used as a building block to form larger, more complex business applications. SOA aims to allow services to be accessed without knowledge of their underlying platform implementation by defining standard protocols for services to communicate with each other.
Service Oriented Architecture.
SOA is a style of architecting applications in such a way that they are composed of discrete software agents that have simple, well defined interfaces and are orchestrated through a loose coupling to perform a required function.
The document discusses Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and the Business Process Execution Language (BPEL). It defines SOA as an architectural style that allows for interoperability and flexibility. BPEL is introduced as an XML-based language used to specify business processes composed of discrete web services. Key concepts covered include the need for SOA to address heterogeneous systems and changing business needs, the role of services, and how BPEL allows the orchestration of services to create composite applications and implement business processes.
The document discusses Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and the role of the Business Process Execution Language (BPEL). It defines SOA as an architectural style that allows components to work together through standardized interfaces. BPEL is presented as an XML-based language used to specify business processes composed of discrete web services. BPEL allows the orchestration of services by defining message sequences and processing logic. It bridges the bottom-up exposure of services and the top-down definition of business processes in SOA.
This document provides an overview of key topics related to system oriented architecture (SOA). It discusses SOA introduction, definition, architecture, services, connections, implementation using Java web services, requirements, principles, architectural principles, implementation, cloud computing, traditional vs SOA architecture diagrams, the SOA life cycle, and examples. The document is intended to introduce foundational concepts of SOA.
This document provides an overview of microservices, including:
- What microservices are and how they differ from monolithic architectures and SOA.
- Common microservice design patterns like aggregator, proxy, chained, and asynchronous messaging.
- Operational challenges of microservices like infrastructure, load balancing, monitoring.
- How microservices compare to SOA in terms of independence, scalability, and technology diversity.
- Key security considerations for microservices related to network access, authentication, and operational complexity.
This document discusses service-oriented architecture (SOA). It defines SOA as a style of software design where discrete units of functionality (services) can be accessed remotely over a network to form applications. Services must be self-contained, independent of vendors/products, and able to represent business activities. SOA allows components to communicate and cooperate over a network using standards and technologies. It also discusses the roles of service providers, brokers/registries, and requesters/consumers. Benefits of SOA include reusability, simplifying legacy system integration, and giving organizations more control over problem-solving in a standardized way.
An Empirical Study on Testing of SOA based ServicesAbhishek Kumar
This document provides an empirical study on testing of service-oriented architecture (SOA) based services. It discusses SOA testing perspectives from different stakeholder views, different levels of SOA testing including unit, integration, system and regression testing. It also outlines the challenges of SOA testing due to its distributed, dynamic and heterogeneous nature. Traditional testing approaches are centralized and static, while SOA testing requires a collaborative approach across service providers, integrators and clients.
5 ijitcs v7-n1-7-an empirical study on testing of soa based servicesAbhishek Srivastava
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) removed the gap between software and business. Today, there is a business transformation among enterprises and they adopt a service based information technology (IT) model. So, testing is necessary for SOA based applications. This paper investigates different type of approaches and techniques that address the testing problems of SOA based services. Here we also investigate the differences between SOA and web services and traditional testing and SOA testing. Various testing levels are also discussed in detail. This paper also expresses various testing perspectives, challenges of SOA testing and review the many testing approaches and identify the problems that improve the testability of SOA based services.
This document provides an overview of web services including:
- The architecture of web services involving service providers, requestors, and registries.
- How web services work using a request-response pattern with XML messages and WSDL descriptions.
- The main types of web services: SOAP and REST.
- Advantages like exposing business functions over the internet and interoperability.
- Disadvantages such as lack of callbacks, transactions, availability, and security issues.
Contemporary research challenges and applications of service oriented archite...Dr. Shahanawaj Ahamad
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is distributed architectural framework that provides service-based
solutions for improving the effectiveness of enterprise’s IT infrastructure. In this framework, technical and
business processes are implemented as services. A service is an independent software application that has been
designed to perform a specific function with emphasis on loose coupling between interacting services and their
components. SOA permits developers to utilize many of the resources from existing services to form the
distributed applications. This study has investigated to highlight the emerging issues of SOA such as service
structures advancement, requirements of evolution for current age applications like mobile-cloud, medical and
mechanism for interoperable operations. The paper also uncovers the practical application domains of SOA. It
has identified research attentions in these domains with detection of issues to carry further research to
overcome constraints in current scenarios.
MULTIVIEW SOA : EXTENDING SOA USING A PRIVATE CLOUD COMPUTING AS SAAS AND DAASijseajournal
This work is based on two major areas, the Multiview Service Oriented Architecture and the combination between the computing cloud and MV-SOA. Thus, it is suggested to extend firstly the service oriented architecture (SOA) into an architecture called MV-SOA by adding two components, the Multiview service generator, whose role is to transform the classic service into Multiview service, and the data base, this component seeks to stock all of consumer service information. It is also suggested to combine the computing cloud and Multiview Service Oriented Architecture MVSOA. To reach such combination, the
MVSOA architecture was taken and we added to the client-side a private cloud in SaaS and DaaS.
This document provides an overview of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and its enabling technologies. It discusses key SOA principles like loose coupling, standardized service contracts, and service reusability. The document also covers major SOA objectives, benefits, architecture layers, and the differences between SOA and web services. Web services are described as a standardized way for applications to communicate over the web using XML, SOAP, WSDL and other standards. The document contrasts SOA with public-subscribe and pull-based vs push-based messaging architectures.
This document discusses service-oriented architecture (SOA) and related concepts. It defines SOA as a software design pattern based on discrete software modules called services that collectively provide application functionality. SOA allows services to easily cooperate over a network through standardized communication. The document outlines the evolution of SOA from earlier paradigms like object-orientation, different types of SOA, and key SOA concepts like loose coupling and interoperability. It also discusses merits and limitations of the SOA approach.
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a collection of services that communicate with each other. These services can involve simple data passing or more complex coordination of activities between multiple services. SOA is based on fundamental concepts of services being business-focused, specification-based, and reusable. Services can also be combined to execute larger business processes. SOA evolved from past architectures like client-server and distributed systems and aims to provide loose coupling between services and support interoperability through open standards.
Microservices are a software development technique—a variant of the service-oriented architecture (SOA) architectural style that structures an application as a collection of loosely coupled services. In a microservices architecture, services are fine-grained and the protocols are lightweight.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
The document discusses service-oriented architecture (SOA). It begins by contrasting old architectures with new architectures, noting that new architectures reduce costs and complexity while improving availability, scalability, and reusability. It then defines some key characteristics of SOA services, such as being coarse-grained, interfacable, locatable, and loosely coupled. It also describes some common types of SOA services, such as presentation services, business services, and data access services. Finally, it outlines several principles of SOA, including standardized service contracts, loose coupling between services, service abstraction, reusability, autonomy, statelessness, discoverability, and composability.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Communicating effectively and consistently with students can help them feel at ease during their learning experience and provide the instructor with a communication trail to track the course's progress. This workshop will take you through constructing an engaging course container to facilitate effective communication.
2. Dr.N.JAYAKANTHAN
Assistant Professor- III
Department of Computer Applications
16 years of Teaching Experience
Two years of Industry Experience
B.Sc Computer Science
MCA
M.Phil – Computer Science
Ph.D – Detecting Malicious URLs using
Classification Algorithms
4. What is SOA
• Defines a way to make software components reusable via
service interfaces.
• These interfaces utilize common communication
standards in such a way that they can be incorporated into
new applications without having to perform deep
integration each time.
• The service interfaces provide loose coupling.
• The services are exposed using standard network
protocols—such as SOAP (simple object access
protocol)/HTTP or JSON/HTTP—to send requests to read
or change data.
5. SOA in Business
• When businesses grow, they often add new products and
services. While these additions may help make the
business larger, it is often difficult to implement them in an
efficient manner.
• The goal of SOA is to make it easy for businesses to grow
and add new services.
• The Service Oriented Architecture is based on components
that work seamlessly with each other.
• Basically, SOA makes it possible for a business to add new
features and services without having to create them from
scratch.
7. Micro Service Architecture
Microservices are an architectural and organizational approach to
software development where software is composed of small
independent services that communicate over well-defined APIs.
These services are owned by small, self-contained teams.
Microservice Architecture is a Service Oriented Architecture. In the
microservice architecture, there are a large number of microservices.
By combining all the microservices, it constructs a big service. In the
microservice architecture, all the services communicate with each
other.
A microservice architecture – a variant of the SOA structural style – is
an architectural pattern that arranges an application as a collection
of loosely-coupled, fine-grained services, communicating through
lightweight protocols
8. SOA and MSA Basic
• SOA and MSA based of the Concept of Services.
• Service is a unit of functionality who’s access is through defined interface.
• Services are stateless, loosely coupled and communicated via messages.
• In Service oriented Model Services are exposed by Service-producer and
Invoked by Service-consumer.
• Service-producer and Service-consumer applications are loosely coupled by
the use of service contract and data contract.
• Service Contract: - is an interface that defines the message type used by
Service-producer and Service-consumer to exchange messages.
• Data Contract:- Is formal agreement between service and client that
abstracts the definition of the data to be exchanged.
9.
10. Service Orientation in Day Life
Consider the service offered by mail order companies and how
the principle of service orientation apply to the business of
shipping goods in response to order received in mail.
11. Mail order Service
1. Mail order companies offer the service of ordering goods via mail. They are
service providers of goods advertised by them.
2. Mail-order service provider publish catalog of goods in news papers and
magazines. The catalog constitutes a service registry.
3. People availing the mail – order service are service consumers who browse the
mail-order catalog to order the product of interest.
4. An order placed by service consumer constitute the service contract of the mail
order service. The mail-order form that the service consumer fills is the order, is
the order of goods to be shipped along with payment detail and constitute the
contract.
5. The service consumer puts the mail order form into the envelop with the
address detail on it. The postal department of a courier company reads the
address details and ships the form to the address of mail order delivery
6. In response to a service call that is received via the mail-order form, the mail-
order company ships the goods to the service consumers.
12. Evaluation of SOA and MSA
• SOA and MSA represents the next logical step in the
evaluation of programming paradigm.
13. • Software application were initially developed using procedural approach
supported by programming language (C & COBOL)
• programming language are evolved to support structured programming
principles (e.g. FORTRAN)
• Then the Object Oriented programming languages such as small talk and
C++ are used to model real world objects.
• The development language such as Microsoft Visual Basic Supports rich
user interface resulted in client-server application.
• The limitation in client-server solution resulted in enhancements to
languages and tool to support N-Tier application.
• The innovation in managing the life cycle of objects lead to the
development of component model for enterprise applications using Java
and C# could be deployed in web application servers(e.g. IBM WebSphere
Application Servers)
• SOA and MSA, based on service oriented model is the the next step in the
evaluation.
14. SOA and MSA Basic Concepts
• SOA is based on the concept of services.
• SOA services are exposed by service providers have been
course grained and carefully designed in mind the need
of service consumer in an enterprise.
• In full-fledges enterprise level implementation of SOA, an
Enterprise Service Bus(ESB) performing the function of
transformation and routing between service provider and
service consumer.
• Two most popular types of web services are SOAP web
services(XML over HTTP that is only machine readable)
and RESTful web services(JSON/XML/XHTML over HTTP is
human readable.
15. • Over the past decade a subset of SOA capabilities have
been received considerable attention that involve
defining relatively fine-grained, tightly coupled, single
responsibility, language independent services(referred to
as API) exposed as RESTfull web serives leaving their
creative use to the service consumers.
• This type of architectural style is known as Microservice
architecture which enables publishing of the
microservices, in addition to providing loose coupling and
security in a systematic and repeatable way.
• The Key point to note is that micro service architecture is
to be regarded as subset of what SOA has to offer.
16. Drivers for SOA
• A review of number of SOA projects in different organization brought
out the following Key Drivers for SOA from business and technology
perspective:
• Business
1. Rapid business process changes.
2. Reproduction of process cycle times.
3. Protection of investment in legacy applications.
4. Lower total cast ownership.
• Technology
1. Application Modernization.
2. Technology Change Management
3. Integration and interoperability of enterprise wide heterogeneous
applications.
4. Support by product vendors.
17. Dimensions of SOA
• The dimensions of SOA that enable the business
transformation in enterprise.
1. Reuse – build once and used many times
2. Integration – stich together different components of execution to
automate the execution process
3. Agility- is to externalize the component of execution so that the
process of execution can be defined and changed easily through
configuration
Two additional dimensions are essential from operational perspective
1. Governance – Define policies that services need to obey to at
design time and run time.
2. Quality of Service – Monitor and enforce the policies at run-time.
18. Reuse
• SOA Technique enable reuse through concept of services.
• Services are defined to be coarse grained to provide reusable functionality
from a business perspective.
• Agility is brough about in SOA through externalizing the definition of
business so that they may be altered through the configuration changes
with relatively ease according the needs of the business.
• The enter prise architecture based on SOA would have business process
application implemented as set of services that are orchestrated( process
defined and executed centrally) or choreographed(Process defined and
executed in a distributed manner)
• Changes in the to the business functionality of the any one service do not
have the impact on the rest of the services
19. Integration
• Integration of service providers and service consumers in SOA is handled
efficiently through Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) Pattern.
• ESB is having advantage over Hub-and-Spoke Architecture. In Hub-and-
Spoke Architecture, centralized Hub act as a message broker that accept the
request from multiple application that are connected via connectors as
spoke.
• Hub is capable for message transformation, validation, routing and
asynchronous message delivery.
• However the hub contributes to the single point of failure as all spokes as all
spokes communicate with the hub.
• The bus architecture on other hand constitute the blue print for a general
purpose medium for services provider and consumer to communicate.
• The bus architecture of ESB, with distributed service of message routing,
transformation and event handling provides the capability required for
loose coupling and efficient integration between providers and consumers.
20. • SOA, there fore, has reuse, agility and integration as dimensions
that are critical to do business transformation in organization.
22. • Four Principles of SOA
• Service boundaries are explicit and service interact through explicit
message-passing over well defined boundaries.
• Service are autonomous in terms of data isolation and loose coupling
• All interactions are based on service contract, data contract and associated
policies
• Service compatibility is based on policy expressions(such as those of Ws-
Policy)
23. Services
• Service is the basic component SOA
• A Service is exposed by a service provider is coarse-grained in
terms of business functionality it provides and is defined by a
service contract and a data contract.
• A business function of manageable size (e.g. EMI function for a
Loan) is exposed by the service.
• Service consumers invoke an operation published by a service as
a part of the service contract and provide the data as per the
data contract.
• Characteristics of a service is autonomy, loose coupling,
statelessness, composability and discoverability.
24. SOA Web Services
• Services can be implemented using a number of technologies
such as XML web services (or simply web services).
• Web services are described using WSDL and are invoked using
XML messages embedded in a SOAP envelope over a
standard protocol such as the HTTP.
• The Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) was originally
defined as a technology to bridge the gap between distinct
systems that communicated via Remote Procedure Calls
(RPC).
• It has since evolved into a widely supported messaging
format and protocol for use with XML Web services that
describes how the messages between service providers and
service consumers need to be structured and promote
interoperability.
25. Essentially, the SOAP protocol describes following in a the message:
1.Where to place headers
2. Where to place the message payload
3. How to indicate the action to be taken.
SOAP protocol address the basic requirements for service provider and
consumers to process the message and communicate with each other.
The processing of message (based on SOAP protocol) by service
provider during service call involve extraction of header and body
elements and they are converted to platform specific runtime types.
SOAP and Webservice Definition Language (WSDL) specify how this
needs to be done.
SOAP describe what is exchanged between service provider and
consumers.
WSDL specifies an URI (Uniform Resource Indicator) where the service
can be reached.
26. RESTful Web Services
• REST stands for REpresentational State Transfer.
• REST is web standards based architecture and uses HTTP
Protocol
• REST was first introduced by Roy Fielding in 2000.
• In REST architecture, a REST Server simply provides access to
resources and REST client accesses and modifies the
resources.
• Here each resource is identified by URIs/ global IDs. REST
uses various representation to represent a resource like text,
JSON and XML. JSON is the most popular one.
27. Enterprise Service BUS (ESB)
It is an architectural pattern that acts as mediator/broker between service
provide and service consumer.
It forms the communication infrastructure for service consumers to interact
with service providers across locations, supporting different transports across
organization boundaries.
It provide integration capability through content routing, transformation and
delivery between service providers and service consumers
Major vendors have tools/products that implement ESB Pattern.
Through ESP different vendors supports the core requirement of content
routing, transformation and delivery, they are significantly different from one
another in the implementation aspect.
28. Orchestration and Choreography.
Orchestration is the execution of service based on pre defied sequence with
central coordinator. The predefined sequence are correspond to workflow. It
controls the process level integration and automation of services.
Orchestration engines based on Business process level integration.
Orchestration engine based on Business Process Execution Language (BPEL)
have gained wide acceptance. BPEL is a Language to specify Business process
as workflow. Key Vendors and Open source project supports BPEL.
Choreography is the execution of service based on predefined sequence in a
distributed manner (without a coordinator) with each service having decision logic
on when to execute.
29. Governance
The SOA implementation in an enterprise is governed by defining policies to
address the non functional requirements (such as message transportation,
infrastructure availability and service availability) taking into account key
performance indicators for business and SLA for IT. A registry / repository tool
is often used for service governance
Quality of service
Quality of service for SOA implementation is achieved by monitoring service
invocations and enforcing policies define in run time to meet SLA.
A registry / repository tool that manages the policy definition in most cases is
perform this task.
30. Standards and Guidelines for SOA
Standard Bodies
The world wide Web Consortium published a set of standards for web
languages and protocols namely XML SOAP and WSDL to establish
compatibility between fundamentals of web technology and enable
hardware and software to access the web and work together.
W3C defines WS-Policy standard that consists of set of policies and
standard for attaining them to web services.
W3C also publishes Service Modeling Language (SML) standard for
creating models of complex service and system including structure,
constraints, policies and best practises.
31. • WS1 – The web service Interoperability Organization(WS1)
To promote the interoperable web service across platforms, Operating
Systems and Programming languages, profile specification have been
developed by WS1.
Key Specifications published by WS1- are:
WS-1 Basic Profile 1.1
WS-1 Basic Profile 1.2
WS-1 Security Profile 1.0
WS-1 Basic Security Profile 1.1
WS-1 Simple SOAP Binding Profile 1.0
WS-1 Attachment Profile 1.0
32. OASIS – Organization for Advancement of Structured Information Standards.
OASIS has developed a number of web service standards
• Enable an active context(group of objects) enables web service to support
distributed transactions(e.g WS-Transaction and WS-TX TC).
• Ensure failsafe, flexible, and efficient communication framework (e.g WS-RX
TC)
• Institute of through security model (e.g WS-RX TC).
• Provide a process description vocabulary that can be compiled into runtime
scripts, that support orchestration(WS-BPEL)
33. • OASIS has developed a standard reference model for SOA. It provide
understanding of entities and their relationship.
• SOA has developed with three main views:
1. Service echo system viewe related to participants of a SOA echo system.
2. Realizing services with focus on requirement of SOA
3. Owning view related to governance and management of SOA systems.
34. • Object Management Group
• OMG has developed standards for Modelling such as Business Process
Modelling notation for business process.
• UML for Service and Component Modelling
• Common Warehouse Metamodel(CWM) for modelling database and
business intelligence.
• OMG has taken a platform independent view based on Model Driven
Architecture (MDA) Standards.
• According OMG Each of the SOA Layers can be driven from models.
• MDA standards offer the capability to design a complete SOA solution
through models.
• A UML profile for SOA called SOAML has been developed by OMG with
Service Point, Service Channel and Service Contract and Service Interface.
35. • The SOA reference architecture consists of Several elements that are layers,
architecture building blocks and their interactions.
• Implementation decision based on availability of vendor products are made
for the element of the architecture
• Figure 8.5 shows the pictorial representation of the key standards.
36.
37. Emergence of SOA
• The mobile application have been causing increasing demand for accessing
functionality from outside the infrastructure of the enterprise.
• Consumers are demanding information, relevant to their context anywhere,
anytime, on any device
• The rise of the “Internet of Things” as also caused a push for standard
interface mechanism for device to communicate the data captured by them.
(such as refrigerators and dish washers)
• This has resulted in development of human readable, externally facing, light
weight services that are referred to as Application Programming
Interface(API) that can be published through portal.
• Developer can learn about published API and sign up to use them.
• API connect business process, services, contents and data
38. • From an architectural standpoint, all web services are API while all APIs are
not web services.
• A web service can be looked at API with additional wrappers that require
computer processing. API’s are light weight without these additional
wrappers and therefore human readable.
• Web services are carefully modelled, designed and implemented for reuse,
agility and integration to justify the business.
• They protect the service consumers from the changes implementation
aspect of service producer.
39. • An application built on SOA principle has been monolithic i.e built as
a single unit.
• Monolithic applications are success full in many cases and issues
related to time to market in some cases especially those are related
to could application.
• Making small changes to an application required the whole
application to be built and redeployed causing delay in getting the
new functionality to market. This has lead to the emergence of (Micro
Service Architecture).
• The dimensions of SOA reuse is not emphasised by micro service
architecture.
40. The micro service architecture style is an approach for developing a single
application as a suite for small services each running on its own process and
communicating with light weight mechanisms often an HTTP resource of API.
These services are built around business capabilities and independently
deployable by fully automated deployment machinery.
These services written in different programming languages and use different
storage technologies.