Unit4 notes1
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During World War 2, the US military expanded through the draft and women's auxiliaries while minorities faced discrimination in segregated units. Factories converted production to war materials like bomb parts from pencils. The Office of Scientific Research spearheaded advances in radar, medicine, and developed the atomic bomb to counter the perceived Nazi nuclear threat. The government financed the war through price controls, war bonds, and rationing of goods like gas and meat.
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Unit5 notes5
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Unit7 notes5
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Unit7 notes4
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Unit7 notes3
The Vietnam War led to the reintroduction of the military draft that required men aged 18 to 26 to register. Many men tried to avoid the draft through medical exemptions, university deferments, or other means. African Americans made up a disproportionate number of combat troops despite representing only 10% of the US population. Around 10,000 women also served in Vietnam mostly as nurses. Opposition movements to the war emerged on college campuses led by groups like Students for a Democratic Society who believed the government and corporations had too much control. Protests against the war increased with events like teach-ins and marches drawing thousands. As the war dragged on, divisions grew between those who opposed withdrawing troops and those who felt the US should
Unit7 notes2
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Unit7 notes1
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Unit5 notes7
The document outlines several major economic and social reforms that took place during the 1960s as part of President Johnson's "Great Society" agenda, including the passage of tax cut and civil rights bills in 1964, the establishment of Medicare, Medicaid and education programs, and several Supreme Court cases that expanded civil rights and criminal justice protections.
Unit5 notes6
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Unit5 notes5
John F. Kennedy was elected president in 1960 over Richard Nixon because people felt the US was losing the Cold War and Kennedy appeared cooler in televised debates. The Bay of Pigs invasion, in which the US backed Cuban exiles to overthrow Fidel Castro, failed and made Kennedy look weak. In 1961, the Soviet Union built the Berlin Wall to stop East Germans from fleeing to West Berlin. The Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, when the US discovered Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba, brought the world the closest it had been to nuclear war but was resolved through negotiations.
Unit5 notes4
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Unit5 notes3
During the Cold War period, fear of communism in the US led President Truman to establish a Federal Employee Loyalty Program and the House Un-American Activities Committee to investigate individuals and groups with potential communist ties. The Hollywood 10 were imprisoned for refusing to testify before HUAC, and many others were blacklisted from their careers. Notable spy cases involved Alger Hiss being imprisoned for passing messages to the Soviets and the Rosenbergs being executed for sharing atomic bomb information with the Soviets. Senator Joseph McCarthy further inflamed tensions with unfounded accusations of communist infiltration, though his credibility declined when he bullied army witnesses on television.
Unit5 notes2
The document summarizes key events in China and the Korean War during the Cold War era. In China, the US-backed nationalist government lost a civil war to the communist forces led by Mao Zedong between 1944-1947. Korea was divided at the 38th parallel in 1945 with the Soviet-backed North and US-backed South. The North launched an attack in 1950 that was pushed back by UN forces led by the US. China later joined by fighting for the North, and an armistice was reached in 1953 leaving the peninsula divided along ideological lines.
Unit5 notes1
The Cold War began due to tensions between the US and USSR after WWII. The US was angry with Stalin for breaking promises made at Yalta and keeping the atomic bomb secret. The USSR wanted to spread communism while the US sought to contain it and give countries self-determination. This led to Europe being divided with an "Iron Curtain" between the Western democratic countries and Eastern bloc nations controlled by the Soviet Union. Germany was split into the capitalist West Germany and communist East Germany allied with the USSR.
Unit4 notes4
The document summarizes key events and changes in the United States during and after World War II. It discusses the Yalta Conference where Stalin, Churchill and FDR met to decide the fate of Germany after the war. It also describes the Nuremberg Trials where Nazi leaders were tried for war crimes and the US occupation of Japan from 1945 to 1952 where the US helped reform Japan. Additionally, it outlines changes in the US economy and society during this period such as increased jobs, migration patterns, the GI Bill and racial tensions that erupted in riots.
Unit4 notes3
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Unit4 notes1
- 1. Unit 4- The US in World War II
- 2. I. Changes in the military A. Selective Service- expand the draft, adds 10M to the military B. Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC)- Women volunteers that served in non combat Nurses, drivers, radio operators, etc.
- 3. C. Minorities Enter Military- many face discrimination- segregated units, most non combat A. 1M African-Americans B. 300K Mexican-Americans C. 33K Japanese Americans
- 4. II. Changes in Industry A. Factories converted to make war materials Pencils- bomb parts Beds- Mosquito nets Soft drinks- explosive shells
- 5. III. Scientific Contributions FDR created the Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) 1. Improve Radar and Sonar 2. Design pesticides to kill insects 3. Furthered use of Penicillin
- 6. 4. Manhattan Project- develop the Atomic bomb Einstein told FDR that Hitler is developing nuclear weapons, US needs to keep up
- 7. IV. Financing the War A. Gov’t freezes prices on food- no inflation B. People encouraged to buy war bonds
- 8. C. Rationing- people received a coupon book to buy items such as meat, gas, coffee D. People carpooled or rode bikes to work