The document discusses different modal verbs used to express ability, permission, obligation, possibility, advice, prohibition, certainty and surprise. It provides examples for each modal verb, including can, could, might, should, must, mustn't, have to, don't have to, may, can't. It also includes exercises to practice using these modal verbs in different contexts.

2. -Can: to express ability, possibility and
permission and to make requests.
-Example: I can take pictures with my new
mobile phone.
-Could: to express ability in the
past, possibility and to make requests.
-Example: Could you please answer the
phone?
-Might: to show possibility in the future.
-Example: I might be late for school.

3. -Should: to give advice.
-Example: We should leave a message on her
voicemail.
-Must: to express obligation.
-Example: You must turn off your mobile
phone on airplanes.
-Mustn’t: to express prohibition.
-Example: You mustn’t drink and drive.

4. -Have to: to express obligation.
-Example: I have to call my friend.
-Don’t have to: to express a lack of
obligation.
-Example: She doesn’t have to buy me a
present.
-May: to show possibility in the future, to ask
for and give or deny permission in formal
speech.
-Example: May I use your pencil?

5. -Must: to express certainly and say we feel
sure something is true.
-Example: You must be tired, you have been
working all day.
-Can’t: to show something surprises us and
seems impossible.
-Example: It can’t be 8.00 already!

6. 1)Complete with can, could, can’t or couldn’t.
1.When Tom was 16, he was a fast runner. He
______ run 200 metres in 22 seconds.
2. I'm afraid I ______ come to your party next
Saturday.
3. I'm not in a hurry. I've got plenty of time. I
_______ wait.
4. I was feeling terribly sick yesterday. I
________ eat anything.
5. Can you speak loudly, please? I _______ hear
you very well.
6. "You look exhausted." "Yes, I _________ sleep
last night.

7. 2)Complete with can’t or must:
1. You've been working all night long. You _____
be tired.
2. That doctor _______ be pretty famous in the
town. Everyone knows him.
3. That restaurant _________ be very good. It is
always empty.
4. The weather was stormy everyday during their
holiday, so they _______ have had a very nice
holiday.
5. You got here very quickly. You _______ have
taken a taxi.
6. Tim and Lucy go away on holiday very often, so
they _______ have a lot of savings in their
account.

8. 1)
1. Could
2. Can’t
3. Can
4. Couldn’t
5. Can’t
6. Couldn’t
2)
1. Must
2. Must
3. Must
4. Can’t
5. Must
6. Can’t