Bob Marley was born in 1945 in St. Ann Parish, Jamaica. He grew up in the rural community of Nine Miles where African customs were preserved. As a child, he was inspired by the storytelling tradition and proverbs he heard, which would later influence his songwriting. In his teenage years, he learned to play guitar and began focusing on music. He moved to Kingston where he formed The Wailers with Bunny Wailing and Peter Tosh. The Wailers found success in Jamaica and later internationally after signing with Island Records. Bob Marley helped popularize reggae music worldwide and promoted messages of unity, equality and anti-oppression through his lyrics until his death from cancer in 1981.
The document discusses three popular Civil War-era songs: "That's What's the Matter" written by Stephen Foster in 1862 to appeal to Union soldiers, "Battle Cry of Freedom" which inspired the Union after being published in Chicago in 1862, and "Marching Through Georgia" composed by Henry Clay Work in 1865 about General Sherman's march through Georgia that devastated the region. It provides lyrics for each song that reference the Union cause and defeating the Confederacy.
This document announces the 30th annual Jewish Music Festival in Oakland/Berkeley from February 26 to March 22, 2015. It provides details on over a dozen musical performances that will celebrate Jewish musical traditions from around the world, including productions of Di Megileh of Itzik Manger and performances by The Klezmatics, Cantor Jack Mendelson, Kitka, Sway Machinery, Paul Hanson Ensemble, Steve Weintraub, and Diwan Saz. The festival aims to showcase diverse Jewish music and share this cultural experience with the community, building on the history of the klezmer revival that began in the 1970s in Berkeley.
Bob Marley was a legendary Jamaican reggae singer and songwriter born in 1945 who gained international fame. Some key events in his career included releasing influential albums like "Burnin'" and "Exodus" in the 1970s that spread messages of freedom, unity, and anti-oppression. Though he was shot in an assassination attempt in 1976, he continued performing and held a historic peace concert in Jamaica that year. Marley passed away from cancer in 1981 but left a lasting legacy and continues to inspire millions with his music's themes of equality and justice.
This document discusses how music and songs transmit cultural heritage, create ethnic identity, and make meaning of shared experiences for different groups. It provides examples of folk songs from English and Irish cultures and how they reflected historical experiences. It also examines the Cuban song "Guantanamera" and its role in fostering Cuban nationalism, as well as the civil rights song "Eyes on the Prize" and Israel's national anthem "HaTikvah" in constructing identities. For each example, it lists ethnographic questions about the origins, context, meaning and functions of the songs.
The document provides information about traditional Arapaho music and instruments. It discusses various Arapaho songs including Sun Dance songs, Ghost Dance songs, and songs from the vision quest. It also describes several instruments used in Arapaho ceremonies such as drums, rattles, whistles, and bullroarers. The document contains lyrics and descriptions of three traditional Arapaho songs that were recorded in 1951: the Skybird Song, Thunderbird Song, and Wolf Song.
Bob Marley was born in 1945 in St. Ann Parish, Jamaica. He grew up in the rural community of Nine Miles where African customs were preserved. As a child, he was inspired by the storytelling tradition and proverbs he heard, which would later influence his songwriting. In his teenage years, he learned to play guitar and began focusing on music. He moved to Kingston where he formed The Wailers with Bunny Wailing and Peter Tosh. The Wailers found success in Jamaica and later internationally after signing with Island Records. Bob Marley helped popularize reggae music worldwide and promoted messages of unity, equality and anti-oppression through his lyrics until his death from cancer in 1981.
The document discusses three popular Civil War-era songs: "That's What's the Matter" written by Stephen Foster in 1862 to appeal to Union soldiers, "Battle Cry of Freedom" which inspired the Union after being published in Chicago in 1862, and "Marching Through Georgia" composed by Henry Clay Work in 1865 about General Sherman's march through Georgia that devastated the region. It provides lyrics for each song that reference the Union cause and defeating the Confederacy.
This document announces the 30th annual Jewish Music Festival in Oakland/Berkeley from February 26 to March 22, 2015. It provides details on over a dozen musical performances that will celebrate Jewish musical traditions from around the world, including productions of Di Megileh of Itzik Manger and performances by The Klezmatics, Cantor Jack Mendelson, Kitka, Sway Machinery, Paul Hanson Ensemble, Steve Weintraub, and Diwan Saz. The festival aims to showcase diverse Jewish music and share this cultural experience with the community, building on the history of the klezmer revival that began in the 1970s in Berkeley.
Bob Marley was a legendary Jamaican reggae singer and songwriter born in 1945 who gained international fame. Some key events in his career included releasing influential albums like "Burnin'" and "Exodus" in the 1970s that spread messages of freedom, unity, and anti-oppression. Though he was shot in an assassination attempt in 1976, he continued performing and held a historic peace concert in Jamaica that year. Marley passed away from cancer in 1981 but left a lasting legacy and continues to inspire millions with his music's themes of equality and justice.
This document discusses how music and songs transmit cultural heritage, create ethnic identity, and make meaning of shared experiences for different groups. It provides examples of folk songs from English and Irish cultures and how they reflected historical experiences. It also examines the Cuban song "Guantanamera" and its role in fostering Cuban nationalism, as well as the civil rights song "Eyes on the Prize" and Israel's national anthem "HaTikvah" in constructing identities. For each example, it lists ethnographic questions about the origins, context, meaning and functions of the songs.
The document provides information about traditional Arapaho music and instruments. It discusses various Arapaho songs including Sun Dance songs, Ghost Dance songs, and songs from the vision quest. It also describes several instruments used in Arapaho ceremonies such as drums, rattles, whistles, and bullroarers. The document contains lyrics and descriptions of three traditional Arapaho songs that were recorded in 1951: the Skybird Song, Thunderbird Song, and Wolf Song.
This document provides information about the Inupiat Eskimos of Alaska, including their history, culture, music, and traditions. It discusses how the Inupiat migrated to northern Alaska from Siberia, and their primary language of Inupiaq. Researchers like Ernest Burch Jr. documented aspects of Inupiat lifestyle in the 19th century. Songs and dances were an important part of Inupiat culture and were used for celebrations and storytelling. Festivals like Nalukataq (spring whaling festival) and Kivgiq involved singing, drumming, dancing and feasting. Traditional instruments included round drums made of wood and animal skin as well as box drums decorated with feathers and claws.
This document provides an overview of Greek folk and classical music. It discusses various regional folk music styles from different islands and areas of Greece, including instruments commonly used. It also summarizes the history and evolution of rebetiko music originating in Greek cities. The document then briefly profiles two influential 20th century Greek classical composers, Dimitri Mitropoulos and Nikos Skalkottas, and provides details on their compositions and careers promoting classical music.
This document provides an overview of the history of African American music from slavery through the civil rights era. It describes how slaves used work songs and spirituals to communicate and maintain hope in the face of hardship. Instruments like the banjo emerged from African American musical traditions. The document also profiles influential artists like Billie Holiday, who performed "Strange Fruit" to protest racism, and Marvin Gaye, whose song "What's Going On" addressed issues of the civil rights movement. Overall, the document traces the origins and evolution of African American music.
The document summarizes an eTwinning project about The Beatles discography carried out by students from different countries. The students researched The Beatles' careers and albums in groups, creating posters and other materials. They thanked their teachers for their contributions to the collaborative project. The project aimed to finish by sharing their work on The Beatles, one of the most iconic bands in rock history that revolutionized popular music.
6.3 Music Beyond the Concert HallDiscuss the emergence and i.docxtroutmanboris
6.3 Music Beyond the Concert Hall
Discuss the emergence and impact of various forms of popular music,
including folk, jazz, blues, gospel, rock and roll, hip-hop, sound tracks.
• Folk Songs
• The Spiritual and Gospel Music
• Ragtime
• Jazz
• Blues
• Popular Songs
• Hip-Hop and Rap
• What We Listen to Today
1
Discussion Points:
• One way of thinking of music is that it is the shape
given to sound. At different points in history, a
number of concepts have challenged this idea.
• The Greeks invented the Aeolian Harp and we have
wind chimes. Characters in Shakespeare’s plays
speak of the silent “music of the spheres” or the
harmonious vibrations of the planets. Avant-garde
composers have challenged the assumptions we
have of what is music and what is not.
• At what point does sound (or silence) cease to be
music? Can music exist without human intent?
P.S. You can see and listen here to an Aeolian Harp in San Francisco, at the end of Pier 152
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmP5XaNYlkI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musica_universalis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtzSm76ppS4
Music Beyond the Concert Hall
6.3 Various forms of popular music, including folk, jazz, blues, gospel, rock
and roll, and hip-hop. (2 of 13)
• Folk Songs
• Unlike “art” songs
• Requires no formal training
• Does not subscribe to rigid forms or rules
• 1960s folk revival
• Recounted real events
• Celebrated rogues and outlaws
• Fought for social causes
• Bob Dylan’s music raised folk to high
art.
3
4
Pete Seeger
Bob Dylan,
Joan Baez.
FOLK SONGS
There are few esthetic rules,
but folk songs endure.
They give a Sense of Group identity
Types of folk songs:
1. Commemorative
2. Work
3. Accumulation
4. Scoundrel
5. Narrative.
Rye Whiskey - scoundrel
I've been working on the railroad
Old McDonald Had a Farm
- accumulation song
Folk song Revival in 1960s
Dylan-Times Are A-Changing
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sVWTeXzgkJE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sgINdoXz-ZY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t5yvIKMCIPs&feature=related
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2lfz3_bob-dylan-times-they-are-achangin_music
5
Barbara Allen
Sung by Emmy Rossum
Barbara Allen,
sung by Emmy Lou Harris
https://www.google.com/search?q=Barbara+Allen+Sung+by+Emmy+Rossum&oq=Barbara+Allen+Sung+by+Emmy+Rossum&aqs=chrome..69i57j33.33008j1j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.google.com/search?q=Barbara+Allen+Sung+by+Emmy+Rossum&oq=Barbara+Allen+Sung+by+Emmy+Rossum&aqs=chrome..69i57j33.33008j1j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=beEvaxH1jYc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=beEvaxH1jYc
6
AMAZING GRACE
Amazing Grace,
how sweet the sound,
That saved a wretch like me
I once was lost,
but now am found,
Was blind, but now I see.
Amazing Grace is also the title of a 2006 film directed by Michael Apted
about the campaign against the slave trade in 19th century Britain, led by
famous abolitionist William Wilberforce, who was responsible .
This document provides information about different music genres including classical music, rockabilly, rock, and boogie-woogie. It also discusses comparative and superlative adjectives. The document includes lyrics to the Madonna song "Music" and provides a timeline of important events in the career of musician Ray Charles.
Jazz music has evolved significantly over time through various movements that pushed the boundaries of tradition. Wynton Marsalis supported keeping jazz traditional while Herbie Hancock believed jazz must experiment to grow and progress into new forms. Their differing views represent how jazz became more controversial as it incorporated new influences and styles.
Negro spirituals were songs created by enslaved Africans in the 16th-19th centuries to express their deep spirituality and hope for freedom despite hardship. The songs had characteristics like simple melodies that repeated, slow tempos, and emotional lyrics. They became popular in the 1860s when the Fisk Jubilee Singers performed them. Important figures who helped spread the genre included composer Harry T. Burleigh and singer Roland Hayes in the late 19th/early 20th century. The spirituals provided hope and strength to endure difficult conditions of slavery.
The document discusses Lucy, an ancient fossil of Australopithecus afarensis discovered in Ethiopia in 1974. Lucy is around 3.2 million years old and is considered one of the most famous pre-human fossils. She provides insights into early human evolution and traits like bipedalism. Key details about Lucy include that she is 40% of a skeleton, was a 3 foot 6 inch tall female, and shows adaptations for both climbing trees and walking upright on two feet.
This document provides an overview of the origins and development of jazz music. It discusses how jazz evolved from earlier musical genres developed by enslaved Africans in the US such as work songs, spirituals, and blues. Key influences and innovators in New Orleans like Jelly Roll Morton and Charles Buddy Bolden helped develop early styles like ragtime that blended African and European influences. Jazz then spread nationwide in the 1920s led by influential African American artists. The document identifies seven distinguishing characteristics of jazz including improvisation, syncopation, blue notes, and swing.
03-2 Russia & former Soviet Union 2023-01-08.pptxMark M. Miller
This document contains summaries of multiple sources on topics related to Russia and Ukraine, including:
- World Regional Geography and the Russian Revolution of 1917.
- Climate and natural resources maps of Russia.
- The 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster in Ukraine.
- The Soviet war in Afghanistan in the 1980s.
- The fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 and life 20 years later.
- Background information on Ukraine from the 2000s.
- Vladimir Putin becoming Russian Prime Minister in 1999 and facts about him.
- The Ukraine crisis beginning in 2014 over relations with the EU.
- Key details about the ongoing 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and territory changes
This document discusses a student's research project on bat conservation. The student is investigating whether public education and bat-related tourism can help bat conservation efforts. The student conducted qualitative interviews with professionals and visited several national parks and bat habitats as part of the research. Preliminary findings suggest that education is important for conservation, ecotourism encourages conservation, and funding for research is essential. The student acknowledges advisors and supporters of the research project.
GHY101 Unit 1.1 Population geography 2019_09_07Mark M. Miller
This document contains information from various sources about population trends around the world. It discusses current global population figures from the US Census Bureau. It also includes population pyramids showing the age distribution of populations in Germany and Japan. Charts from the World Bank show historical fertility rate trends. Articles are cited discussing population decline issues in South Korea and the US. The demographic transition model is depicted, showing the shift from high birth and death rates to low rates as countries develop.
This document provides information about the Inupiat Eskimos of Alaska, including their history, culture, music, and traditions. It discusses how the Inupiat migrated to northern Alaska from Siberia, and their primary language of Inupiaq. Researchers like Ernest Burch Jr. documented aspects of Inupiat lifestyle in the 19th century. Songs and dances were an important part of Inupiat culture and were used for celebrations and storytelling. Festivals like Nalukataq (spring whaling festival) and Kivgiq involved singing, drumming, dancing and feasting. Traditional instruments included round drums made of wood and animal skin as well as box drums decorated with feathers and claws.
This document provides an overview of Greek folk and classical music. It discusses various regional folk music styles from different islands and areas of Greece, including instruments commonly used. It also summarizes the history and evolution of rebetiko music originating in Greek cities. The document then briefly profiles two influential 20th century Greek classical composers, Dimitri Mitropoulos and Nikos Skalkottas, and provides details on their compositions and careers promoting classical music.
This document provides an overview of the history of African American music from slavery through the civil rights era. It describes how slaves used work songs and spirituals to communicate and maintain hope in the face of hardship. Instruments like the banjo emerged from African American musical traditions. The document also profiles influential artists like Billie Holiday, who performed "Strange Fruit" to protest racism, and Marvin Gaye, whose song "What's Going On" addressed issues of the civil rights movement. Overall, the document traces the origins and evolution of African American music.
The document summarizes an eTwinning project about The Beatles discography carried out by students from different countries. The students researched The Beatles' careers and albums in groups, creating posters and other materials. They thanked their teachers for their contributions to the collaborative project. The project aimed to finish by sharing their work on The Beatles, one of the most iconic bands in rock history that revolutionized popular music.
6.3 Music Beyond the Concert HallDiscuss the emergence and i.docxtroutmanboris
6.3 Music Beyond the Concert Hall
Discuss the emergence and impact of various forms of popular music,
including folk, jazz, blues, gospel, rock and roll, hip-hop, sound tracks.
• Folk Songs
• The Spiritual and Gospel Music
• Ragtime
• Jazz
• Blues
• Popular Songs
• Hip-Hop and Rap
• What We Listen to Today
1
Discussion Points:
• One way of thinking of music is that it is the shape
given to sound. At different points in history, a
number of concepts have challenged this idea.
• The Greeks invented the Aeolian Harp and we have
wind chimes. Characters in Shakespeare’s plays
speak of the silent “music of the spheres” or the
harmonious vibrations of the planets. Avant-garde
composers have challenged the assumptions we
have of what is music and what is not.
• At what point does sound (or silence) cease to be
music? Can music exist without human intent?
P.S. You can see and listen here to an Aeolian Harp in San Francisco, at the end of Pier 152
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmP5XaNYlkI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musica_universalis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CtzSm76ppS4
Music Beyond the Concert Hall
6.3 Various forms of popular music, including folk, jazz, blues, gospel, rock
and roll, and hip-hop. (2 of 13)
• Folk Songs
• Unlike “art” songs
• Requires no formal training
• Does not subscribe to rigid forms or rules
• 1960s folk revival
• Recounted real events
• Celebrated rogues and outlaws
• Fought for social causes
• Bob Dylan’s music raised folk to high
art.
3
4
Pete Seeger
Bob Dylan,
Joan Baez.
FOLK SONGS
There are few esthetic rules,
but folk songs endure.
They give a Sense of Group identity
Types of folk songs:
1. Commemorative
2. Work
3. Accumulation
4. Scoundrel
5. Narrative.
Rye Whiskey - scoundrel
I've been working on the railroad
Old McDonald Had a Farm
- accumulation song
Folk song Revival in 1960s
Dylan-Times Are A-Changing
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sVWTeXzgkJE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sgINdoXz-ZY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t5yvIKMCIPs&feature=related
http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2lfz3_bob-dylan-times-they-are-achangin_music
5
Barbara Allen
Sung by Emmy Rossum
Barbara Allen,
sung by Emmy Lou Harris
https://www.google.com/search?q=Barbara+Allen+Sung+by+Emmy+Rossum&oq=Barbara+Allen+Sung+by+Emmy+Rossum&aqs=chrome..69i57j33.33008j1j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.google.com/search?q=Barbara+Allen+Sung+by+Emmy+Rossum&oq=Barbara+Allen+Sung+by+Emmy+Rossum&aqs=chrome..69i57j33.33008j1j9&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=beEvaxH1jYc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=beEvaxH1jYc
6
AMAZING GRACE
Amazing Grace,
how sweet the sound,
That saved a wretch like me
I once was lost,
but now am found,
Was blind, but now I see.
Amazing Grace is also the title of a 2006 film directed by Michael Apted
about the campaign against the slave trade in 19th century Britain, led by
famous abolitionist William Wilberforce, who was responsible .
This document provides information about different music genres including classical music, rockabilly, rock, and boogie-woogie. It also discusses comparative and superlative adjectives. The document includes lyrics to the Madonna song "Music" and provides a timeline of important events in the career of musician Ray Charles.
Jazz music has evolved significantly over time through various movements that pushed the boundaries of tradition. Wynton Marsalis supported keeping jazz traditional while Herbie Hancock believed jazz must experiment to grow and progress into new forms. Their differing views represent how jazz became more controversial as it incorporated new influences and styles.
Negro spirituals were songs created by enslaved Africans in the 16th-19th centuries to express their deep spirituality and hope for freedom despite hardship. The songs had characteristics like simple melodies that repeated, slow tempos, and emotional lyrics. They became popular in the 1860s when the Fisk Jubilee Singers performed them. Important figures who helped spread the genre included composer Harry T. Burleigh and singer Roland Hayes in the late 19th/early 20th century. The spirituals provided hope and strength to endure difficult conditions of slavery.
The document discusses Lucy, an ancient fossil of Australopithecus afarensis discovered in Ethiopia in 1974. Lucy is around 3.2 million years old and is considered one of the most famous pre-human fossils. She provides insights into early human evolution and traits like bipedalism. Key details about Lucy include that she is 40% of a skeleton, was a 3 foot 6 inch tall female, and shows adaptations for both climbing trees and walking upright on two feet.
This document provides an overview of the origins and development of jazz music. It discusses how jazz evolved from earlier musical genres developed by enslaved Africans in the US such as work songs, spirituals, and blues. Key influences and innovators in New Orleans like Jelly Roll Morton and Charles Buddy Bolden helped develop early styles like ragtime that blended African and European influences. Jazz then spread nationwide in the 1920s led by influential African American artists. The document identifies seven distinguishing characteristics of jazz including improvisation, syncopation, blue notes, and swing.
Similar to Unit 4.2b The Caribbean: Geography of the Rastafarian faith 2018_04_02 (10)
03-2 Russia & former Soviet Union 2023-01-08.pptxMark M. Miller
This document contains summaries of multiple sources on topics related to Russia and Ukraine, including:
- World Regional Geography and the Russian Revolution of 1917.
- Climate and natural resources maps of Russia.
- The 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster in Ukraine.
- The Soviet war in Afghanistan in the 1980s.
- The fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 and life 20 years later.
- Background information on Ukraine from the 2000s.
- Vladimir Putin becoming Russian Prime Minister in 1999 and facts about him.
- The Ukraine crisis beginning in 2014 over relations with the EU.
- Key details about the ongoing 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and territory changes
This document discusses a student's research project on bat conservation. The student is investigating whether public education and bat-related tourism can help bat conservation efforts. The student conducted qualitative interviews with professionals and visited several national parks and bat habitats as part of the research. Preliminary findings suggest that education is important for conservation, ecotourism encourages conservation, and funding for research is essential. The student acknowledges advisors and supporters of the research project.
GHY101 Unit 1.1 Population geography 2019_09_07Mark M. Miller
This document contains information from various sources about population trends around the world. It discusses current global population figures from the US Census Bureau. It also includes population pyramids showing the age distribution of populations in Germany and Japan. Charts from the World Bank show historical fertility rate trends. Articles are cited discussing population decline issues in South Korea and the US. The demographic transition model is depicted, showing the shift from high birth and death rates to low rates as countries develop.
This document discusses North America and immigration trends in the region. It notes that if President Trump imposes tariffs, avocados and other goods from Mexico could increase in price. It also provides background on the population trends and immigration patterns in Canada, the United States, and Mexico. Key statistics are presented from the US Census Bureau on international migration programs and population numbers.
GHY443-543 Unit 2 economic development 2019_02_18Mark M. Miller
This document discusses local economic development. It introduces economic base theory, which holds that basic firms export goods and services, bringing new money into the local economy and supporting additional nonbasic jobs through multiplier effects. The document outlines different sectors of the economy and different approaches to economic development, from industrial attraction to nurturing entrepreneurs to developing industrial clusters. It also discusses more recent ideas around sustainable economic development and measuring well-being.
Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...Sérgio Sacani
We present the JWST discovery of SN 2023adsy, a transient object located in a host galaxy JADES-GS
+
53.13485
−
27.82088
with a host spectroscopic redshift of
2.903
±
0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
�
(
�
−
�
)
∼
0.9
) despite a host galaxy with low-extinction and has a high Ca II velocity (
19
,
000
±
2
,
000
km/s) compared to the general population of SNe Ia. While these characteristics are consistent with some Ca-rich SNe Ia, particularly SN 2016hnk, SN 2023adsy is intrinsically brighter than the low-
�
Ca-rich population. Although such an object is too red for any low-
�
cosmological sample, we apply a fiducial standardization approach to SN 2023adsy and find that the SN 2023adsy luminosity distance measurement is in excellent agreement (
≲
1
�
) with
Λ
CDM. Therefore unlike low-
�
Ca-rich SNe Ia, SN 2023adsy is standardizable and gives no indication that SN Ia standardized luminosities change significantly with redshift. A larger sample of distant SNe Ia is required to determine if SN Ia population characteristics at high-
�
truly diverge from their low-
�
counterparts, and to confirm that standardized luminosities nevertheless remain constant with redshift.
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Abstract: Reproducibility (aka determinism in some cases) constitutes a fundamental aspect in various fields of computer science, such as floating-point computations in numerical analysis and simulation, concurrency models in parallelism, reproducible builds for third parties integration and packaging, and containerization for execution environments. These concepts, while pervasive across diverse concerns, often exhibit intricate inter-dependencies, making it challenging to achieve a comprehensive understanding. In this short and vision paper we delve into the application of software engineering techniques, specifically variability management, to systematically identify and explicit points of variability that may give rise to reproducibility issues (eg language, libraries, compiler, virtual machine, OS, environment variables, etc). The primary objectives are: i) gaining insights into the variability layers and their possible interactions, ii) capturing and documenting configurations for the sake of reproducibility, and iii) exploring diverse configurations to replicate, and hence validate and ensure the robustness of results. By adopting these methodologies, we aim to address the complexities associated with reproducibility and replicability in modern software systems and environments, facilitating a more comprehensive and nuanced perspective on these critical aspects.
https://hal.science/hal-04582287
Compositions of iron-meteorite parent bodies constrainthe structure of the pr...Sérgio Sacani
Magmatic iron-meteorite parent bodies are the earliest planetesimals in the Solar System,and they preserve information about conditions and planet-forming processes in thesolar nebula. In this study, we include comprehensive elemental compositions andfractional-crystallization modeling for iron meteorites from the cores of five differenti-ated asteroids from the inner Solar System. Together with previous results of metalliccores from the outer Solar System, we conclude that asteroidal cores from the outerSolar System have smaller sizes, elevated siderophile-element abundances, and simplercrystallization processes than those from the inner Solar System. These differences arerelated to the formation locations of the parent asteroids because the solar protoplane-tary disk varied in redox conditions, elemental distributions, and dynamics at differentheliocentric distances. Using highly siderophile-element data from iron meteorites, wereconstruct the distribution of calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) across theprotoplanetary disk within the first million years of Solar-System history. CAIs, the firstsolids to condense in the Solar System, formed close to the Sun. They were, however,concentrated within the outer disk and depleted within the inner disk. Future modelsof the structure and evolution of the protoplanetary disk should account for this dis-tribution pattern of CAIs.
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...Sérgio Sacani
Wereport the study of a huge optical intraday flare on 2021 November 12 at 2 a.m. UT in the blazar OJ287. In the binary black hole model, it is associated with an impact of the secondary black hole on the accretion disk of the primary. Our multifrequency observing campaign was set up to search for such a signature of the impact based on a prediction made 8 yr earlier. The first I-band results of the flare have already been reported by Kishore et al. (2024). Here we combine these data with our monitoring in the R-band. There is a big change in the R–I spectral index by 1.0 ±0.1 between the normal background and the flare, suggesting a new component of radiation. The polarization variation during the rise of the flare suggests the same. The limits on the source size place it most reasonably in the jet of the secondary BH. We then ask why we have not seen this phenomenon before. We show that OJ287 was never before observed with sufficient sensitivity on the night when the flare should have happened according to the binary model. We also study the probability that this flare is just an oversized example of intraday variability using the Krakow data set of intense monitoring between 2015 and 2023. We find that the occurrence of a flare of this size and rapidity is unlikely. In machine-readable Tables 1 and 2, we give the full orbit-linked historical light curve of OJ287 as well as the dense monitoring sample of Krakow.
Mechanisms and Applications of Antiviral Neutralizing Antibodies - Creative B...Creative-Biolabs
Neutralizing antibodies, pivotal in immune defense, specifically bind and inhibit viral pathogens, thereby playing a crucial role in protecting against and mitigating infectious diseases. In this slide, we will introduce what antibodies and neutralizing antibodies are, the production and regulation of neutralizing antibodies, their mechanisms of action, classification and applications, as well as the challenges they face.
Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
This presentation offers a general idea of the structure of seed, seed production, management of seeds and its allied technologies. It also offers the concept of gene erosion and the practices used to control it. Nursery and gardening have been widely explored along with their importance in the related domain.
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...Sérgio Sacani
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
Unit 4.2b The Caribbean: Geography of the Rastafarian faith 2018_04_02
1. The geography of the
Rastafarian faith
World Regional Geography
Midnight Raver blog. Retrieved October 29, 2014:
http://midnightraverblog.com/2012/02/12/bunny-wailer-the-elder-
statesman-of-reggae/
3. Missouri History Museum. The trial of Marcus Garvey. Retrieved October 29,
2014: http://mohistory.org/node/7147
Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Jr., ONH (17
August 1887 – 10 June 1940)
4. National Humanities Center. Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association. Retrieved October 29, 2014:
http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/twenty/tkeyinfo/garvey.htm
5. 1930 coronation of Haile Selassie I. Retrieved October
29, 2014: http://www.largeup.com/2010/11/02/coronation-day-80-years-of-haile-selasse-i/
9. "Exodus” by Bob Marley & the Wailers
start of lyrics Exodus: Movement of Jah people! Oh-oh-oh, yea-eah!
.......
Men and people will fight ya down (Tell me why!)
When ya see Jah light. (Ha-ha-ha-ha-ha-ha-ha!)
Let me tell you if you're not wrong; (Then, why?)
Everything is all right.
So we gonna walk - all right! - through de roads of creation:
We the generation (Tell me why!)
(Trod through great tribulation) trod through great tribulation.
Exodus, all right! Movement of Jah people!
Oh, yeah! O-oo, yeah! All right!
Exodus: Movement of Jah people! Oh, yeah!
Yeah-yeah-yeah, well!
Uh! Open your eyes and look within:
Are you satisfied (with the life you're living)? Uh!
We know where we're going, uh!
We know where we're from.
We're leaving Babylon,
We're going to our Father land.
2, 3, 4: Exodus: movement of Jah people! Oh, yeah!
(Movement of Jah people!) Send us another brother Moses!
(Movement of Jah people!) From across the Red Sea!
(Movement of Jah people!) Send us another brother Moses!
(Movement of Jah people!) From across the Red Sea!
Movement of Jah people!
(AZ Lyrics. Retrieved October 30, 2014: http://www.azlyrics.com/lyrics/bobmarley/exodus.html)
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=nv584jRwh0s
10. "Rivers Of Babylon”
Version by the Melodians
By the rivers of Babylon
Where he sat down
And there he wept
When he remembered Zion
'Cause the wicked carried us away in captivity
Required from us a song
How can we sing King Alpha's song
In a strange land?
'Cause the wicked carried us away in captivity
Required from us a song
How can we sing King Alpha's song
In a strange land?
Sing it out loud
Sing a song of freedom, brother
Sing a song of freedom, sister
So, let the words of our mouth
And the meditation of our heart
Be acceptable in Thy sight
Oh, Fari
So, let the words of our mouth
And the meditation of our heart
Be acceptable in Thy sight
Oh, Fari
(AZ Lyrics. Retrieved October 30, 2014: http://www.azlyrics.com/lyrics/jimmycliff/riversofbabylon.html)