Programming Languages Categories / Programming Paradigm By: Prof. Lili Saghafi Professor Lili Saghafi
A programming language is a notation designed to connect instructions to a machine or a computer.
Programming languages are mainly used to control the performance of a machine or to express algorithms.
At present, thousands of programming languages have been implemented.
In the computer field, many languages need to be stated in an imperative form, while other programming languages utilize declarative form.
The program can be divided into two forms such as syntax and semantics.
Programming Languages Categories / Programming Paradigm By: Prof. Lili Saghafi Professor Lili Saghafi
A programming language is a notation designed to connect instructions to a machine or a computer.
Programming languages are mainly used to control the performance of a machine or to express algorithms.
At present, thousands of programming languages have been implemented.
In the computer field, many languages need to be stated in an imperative form, while other programming languages utilize declarative form.
The program can be divided into two forms such as syntax and semantics.
CCS335 _ Neural Networks and Deep Learning Laboratory_Lab Complete RecordAsst.prof M.Gokilavani
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Implement simple vector addition in Tensor Flow.
2. Implement a regression model in Keras.
3. Implement a perception in TensorFlow/Keras Environment.
4. Implement a Feed Forward Network in TensorFlow/Keras.
5. Implement an image classifier using CNN in TensorFlow/Keras.
6. Improve the deep Learning model by fine tuning hyper parameters.
7. Implement a Transfer Learning concept in image classification.
8. Using a pre trained model on Keras for transfer learning.
9. Perform Sentimental Analysis using RNN.
10. Implement an LSTM based Auto encoding inTensorflow/Keras.
11. Image generation using GAN.
ADDITIONAL EXPERIMENTS
12. Train a deep Learning model to classify a given image using pre trained model.
13. Recommendation system from sales data using Deep Learning.
14. Implement Object detection using CNN.
15. Implement any simple Reinforcement Algorithm for an NLP problem.
CCS335 _ Neural Networks and Deep Learning Laboratory_Lab Complete RecordAsst.prof M.Gokilavani
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Implement simple vector addition in Tensor Flow.
2. Implement a regression model in Keras.
3. Implement a perception in TensorFlow/Keras Environment.
4. Implement a Feed Forward Network in TensorFlow/Keras.
5. Implement an image classifier using CNN in TensorFlow/Keras.
6. Improve the deep Learning model by fine tuning hyper parameters.
7. Implement a Transfer Learning concept in image classification.
8. Using a pre trained model on Keras for transfer learning.
9. Perform Sentimental Analysis using RNN.
10. Implement an LSTM based Auto encoding inTensorflow/Keras.
11. Image generation using GAN.
ADDITIONAL EXPERIMENTS
12. Train a deep Learning model to classify a given image using pre trained model.
13. Recommendation system from sales data using Deep Learning.
14. Implement Object detection using CNN.
15. Implement any simple Reinforcement Algorithm for an NLP problem.
CCS355 Neural Networks & Deep Learning Unit 1 PDF notes with Question bank .pdfAsst.prof M.Gokilavani
UNIT I INTRODUCTION
Neural Networks-Application Scope of Neural Networks-Artificial Neural Network: An IntroductionEvolution of Neural Networks-Basic Models of Artificial Neural Network- Important Terminologies of
ANNs-Supervised Learning Network.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
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Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
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Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
2. Preliminary Concepts: Reasons for Studying Concepts of
Programming Languages, Programming Domains
Language Evaluation Criteria, Influences on Language
Design, Language Categories, Language Design Trade-
Offs
Implementation Methods, Programming Environments
Syntax and Semantics: General Problem of Describing
Syntax and Semantics,
Formal Methods of Describing Syntax
Attribute Grammars, Describing the Meanings of Programs.
9/28/2022 2
3. Two Major Influences on Language Design
• Computer Architecture
• Languages are developed around the prevalent computer
architecture, known as the von Neumann architecture
• Programming Methodologies
• New software development methodologies (e.g., object oriented
software development) led to new programming paradigms and by
extension, new programming languages. are Design and
Engineering Approaches
4. • Well-known computer architecture: Von Neumann
• Imperative languages, most dominant, because of von
Neumann computers
– Data and programs stored in memory
– Memory is separate from CPU
– Instructions and data are piped from memory to
CPU
– Basis for imperative languages
Variables model memory cells
Assignment statements model piping
Iteration is efficient
5.
6. Computer architecture in based on Von Neumann Architecture.
A programming language is also affected by the architecture of
computer.
But how ?
This is the question will see here. When we deploy/run a
programs it reside in a memory and executed by the CPU.
There are registers like program counter, instruction register
etc. Each instruction going from memory to CPU is decided
by program counter.
And program counter get instruction info from instruction
register.
In this a way a program developed in languages passes trough
this kind of cycle. Which affect the execution time of the
language.
If system is multi user it will consume lot of time.
7.
8. Structured programming: This programming
methodology also called top own design and step wise
refinement. Its deficiency was incompleteness of type
checking and inadequacy of control statements, which
requires extensive use of go to statements. Ex. C.
Data oriented programming: It focuses on data oriented
methods emphasize data design, focusing on the use of
abstract data types to solve the problem. Ex. Simula.
Procedure oriented programming: It is the opposite of
data oriented programming. Ex. C#.
Object oriented programming: It gives support for Data
abstraction, inheritance, polymorphism. Ex. C++.
9. • Imperative Language
– Central features are variables, assignment statements, and iteration
– Examples: C, Pascal
• Functional Language
– Main means of making computations is by applying functions to given
parameters
– Examples: LISP, Scheme
• Logic (declarative) Language
– Rule-based (rules are specified in no particular order)
– Example: Prolog
• Object-oriented Language
– Data abstraction, inheritance, late binding
– Examples: Java, C++
• Markup Language
– New; not a programming per se, but used to specify the layout of
information in Web Documents – Examples: XHTML, XML
10. Reliability vs. cost of execution
– Conflicting criteria
– Example: Java demands all references to array elements be
checked for proper indexing but that leads to increased execution
costs
Readability vs. Writability
– Another conflicting criteria
– Example: APL provides many powerful operators (and a large
number of new symbols), allowing complex computations to be
written in a compact program but at the cost of poor readability.
Writability (flexibility) vs. reliability
– Another conflicting criteria
– Example: C++ pointers are powerful and very flexible but not
reliably used
11. We have three different types of implementation methods
They are
• Compilation– Programs are translated into machine
language
• Pure Interpretation – Programs are interpreted by
another program known as an interpreter
• Hybrid Implementation Systems – A compromise
between compilers and pure interpreters
12. Programs can be translated into machine language, which can be
executed directly on the computer. This method is called a
compiler implementation and has the advantage of very fast
program execution, once the translation process is complete.
Example: C, COBOL, and C++, are by compilers.
Phase 1: The language that a compiler translates is called the
source language. The process of compilation and program
execution takes place in several phases, the most important of
which are shown in Figure.
Phase 2: The lexical analyzer gathers the characters of the source
program into lexical units. The lexical units of a program are
identifiers, special words, operators, and punctuation symbols.
The lexical analyzer ignores comments in the source program
because the compiler has no use for them.
13.
14. Phase 3: The syntax analyzer takes the lexical units from the
lexical analyzer and uses them to construct hierarchical
structures called parse trees. These parse trees represent the
syntactic structure of the program.
Phase 4: The intermediate code generator produces a
program in a different language, at an intermediate level
between the source program and the final output of the
compiler: the machine language program.
Optimization, which improves programs (usually in their
intermediate code version) by making them smaller or faster
or both.
15. The symbol table serves as a database for the
compilation process. The primary contents of the
symbol table are the type and attribute information of
each user- defined name in the program. This
information is placed in the symbol table by the
lexical and syntax analyzers and is used by the
semantic analyzer and the code generator.
Phase 5: The code generator translates the optimized
intermediate code version of the program into an
equivalent machine language program.
16.
17. Translation of source code line by line so that generates
errors line by line. If no errors in the code generates
object code. While interpretation it self user input will
be given.
• Immediate feedback about errors
• Slower execution
• Often requires more space
Used mainly for scripting languages
Example for interpreter is Dbase III plus
18. A compromise between compilers and pure interpreters
A high-level language program is translated to an
intermediate language that allows easy interpretation
Faster than pure interpretation.
Example for hybrid implementation is Java. Java is a
compiled interpreted language.
A Just-in-Time (JIT) implementation system initially
translates programs to an intermediate language. Then,
during execution, it compiles intermediate language
methods into machine code when they are called.
The machine code version is kept for subsequent calls. JIT
systems now are widely used for Java programs. Also, the
.NET languages are all implemented with a JIT system.
19.
20. A preprocessor is a program that processes a program just
before the program is compiled. Preprocessor instructions
are embedded in programs.
The preprocessor is essentially a macro expander.
Preprocessor instructions are commonly used to specify that
the code from another file is to be included.
For example, the C preprocessor instruction
causes the preprocessor to copy the contents of myLib.h into
the program at the position of the #include.
21. Other preprocessor instructions are used to define symbols
to represent expressions. For example, one could use
22. The collection of tools used in software development
The old way used the console and independent tools
– UNIX/Linux
vi or emacs for editing
compiler
debugger
Integrated Development Environments provide a
graphical interface to most of the
necessary tools
23. • Eclipse
– An integrated development environment for Java,
written in java
– Support for other languages is also available
• Borland JBuilder, NetBeans
– Other integrated development environments for Java
• Microsoft Visual Studio.NET
– A large, complex visual environment
– Used to program in C#, Visual BASIC.NET, Jscript,
J#, or C++