The document describes the key concepts in biology covered in Chapter 1 of Biology: Concepts & Connections. It discusses the following main points:
1) Biology is the study of life and covers different levels of organization from molecules to ecosystems.
2) Scientists use two approaches - discovery science and hypothesis-driven science using the scientific method.
3) All life can be classified into three domains based on cell structure and genetics.
4) Despite diversity, all life shares common features like cells, DNA, and the ability to evolve through natural selection.
5) Organisms interact in complex webs within ecosystems, with energy and nutrients cycling between living and nonliving parts.
47. Controlled
Experiment
Controlled Variables – The variables
that may have an effect on the
dependent variable, but are not being
tested, so must remain the same.
Fertilizer, time of planting, seeding
rate, moisture, weather damage, etc.
48. Controlled
Experiment
Controlled Variables – The
variables that will not be allowed
to change. Any measured
difference will be due to the
effect of the Independent
Variable.
Fertilizer, Pesticide, Time of
Planting, Weather
49. Controlled
Experiment
Experimental Group- the group in
which the Independent variable is
changed.
Control Group- group in which the
independent variable is left
unchanged. Controls other possible
variables, used for comparison.
50. Controlled
Experiment
The farmer 10 separate strips
and alternately plants 5 strips
to his old variety and 5 to the
new variety.
The field is treated exactly
the same for each variety.
52. Results
The farmer carefully harvests
one variety and then the
other.
The new variety yields a total
of 2,017 bushels, while his
old variety yields 2,156
bushels.
54. Start Over
The farmer thinks the next most
likely variable is fertilizer.
He repeats his experiment, this
time using only one seed variety,
while fertilizing one set of strips
and not fertilizing the other.
56. Conclusions
The farmer decides that the
fertilizer made a drastic
difference in yield and then
compared the cost of the
fertilizer with the yield increase.
He then fertilized all of his
cropland before planting.
62. Common Characteristics
of Living Things
Order – complex organization (cells)
Regulation – maintain internal
environment (Homeostasis)
Growth and Development
Utilize Energy
Respond to the environment
Reproduction
Evolution