This document discusses understanding and managing human capital risk in organizations. It explains that human capital risk is influenced by both people factors (e.g. talent, well-being, human relations) and organizational factors (e.g. fairness, values, work design). Changes in one area can impact the others. The document provides examples of how weaknesses in people and organizational factors can negatively impact an organization, such as harassment stemming from stress, poor leadership, and unfair policies. It advocates for a holistic approach to human capital risk management that addresses both people and organizational factors through complementary interventions.