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Unconcious
The document outlines the evaluation of unconsciousness, focusing on the assessment of consciousness through arousal and cognition. It discusses coma as a state of total unresponsiveness with reference to the Glasgow Coma Scale and initial assessment protocols for medical responders. Key areas of examination include pupil response, breathing patterns, motor and sensory functions, and reflexes, as well as signs of injury and vital signs.
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Unconcious
- 1.
- 2. CONSCIOUSNESS • Arousal- • Levelof alertness • Deep brainstem and medial thalamus • Ascending reticular activating system (RAS) • Cognition- • Level of awareness and coherence • Cerebral cortex and major subcortical nuclei
- 3. COMA – WHATIS IT? • A state of complete loss of consciousness from which the patient cannot be aroused by ordinary stimuli • Quantification difficult • Glasgow coma scale
- 4.
- 5. ASK FOR……. • Sequenceof events- • Relatives • Co-habitants • First responders • Witnesses • Past history • Current medications
- 6. WHAT TO DOFIRST • Safe position – neck • Airway • Breathing • Circulation
- 7. GENERALLY SPEAKING…….. • Evidenceof injury • Vitals- • PR, BP, Respiration, Temperature • Posture • Movements- • Spontaneous • Response to stimuli • Appearance, Grooming • Signs of chronic disease • Neurologic examination • Blood sugar value
- 8. NEUROLOGICALLY SPEAKING….. • Pupils •Breathing • Motor response • Sensory response • Reflexes • Meningeal signs
- 9. PUPILS • Size • Shape •Position • Equality • Reactivity • Reflexes- • Oculocephalic • Vestibulocephalic
- 10. BREATHING • Pattern- • Frequency •Depth • Involvement of respiratory centers • Metabolic
- 11. MOTOR RESPONSE • Faceis an important area! • Presence of movement • Asymmetry • Abnormal movement • Unprovoked movements • Tone • Dropping the limb
- 12.
- 13. SENSORY • Stimuli toboth sides to be checked • Asymmetry noted • All modalities- • Touch • Pain • Temperature
- 14. REFLEXES • Corneal • Conjunctival •Tendon • Plantar • Primitive
- 15. MENINGEAL SIGNS • Neckstiffness • Kernig’s • Brudzinski’s
- 16. WHAT IS ITALL FOR?!