Uk Essay Writing

United Kingdom Essay
The United Kingdom is a country located in the North West of Europe that has four parts, England,
Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The capital city is London, which the River Thames flows
through from Thames Head to 140 miles later at Teddington Lock where it ends. Compared to the
United States, the United Kingdom is quite small in fact it is approximately the size of New England.
Despite being diminutive in size, there is layer upon layer of cultures and history. Also, it has
geographic diversity, from the moors of Devon to the swamps in the southeast to the highlands of
Scotland. Although dwindling, many native languages survived and still spoken to this day. Some of
those are Celtic, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, and Welsh....show more content...
Each wave of migrations and invasions brought different cultures and added to what is now
modern–day the United Kingdom. The Romans left their numerous long roads, whose names
became lost in time since there was no written records or inscribed sources. Built by the Roman
army and long after they returned home, their roads survived, and some routes are in use today.
The Normans built fortified castles, which was a new concept since before that time there was
none in the United Kingdom. One example is Restormel Castle, which is in a circular in shape as
well as surrounded by an entrenched circular ditch for protection against attacks. The Vikings left
parts of their language in the names of the towns and villages, such as names ending in by are where
Vikings settled first. Places ending in Thorpe are their secondary settlements, and places that end in
ton is for town or city.
D. The Saxons replaced the Roman stone buildings with wooden ones. The Saxon language gave
rise to the English spoken today.
Over the centuries, waves of different peoples have invaded or migrated to the United Kingdom.
Beginning with the Romans, Saxons, Normans and continued today.The Jewish people started
seeking safety in the United Kingdom in the late 19th century and the 1930's. In the 1950's and
1960's, large communities of immigrants from the West Indies and South Asia formed. Additional
groups that immigrated at that time were Americans, Chinese, and other
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Essay On The United Kingdom
The United Kingdom consists of four different countries. England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern
Ireland. This is an island nation in Northwestern Europe. Located at 55.371В°N, 3.4360В°W, this
island is 93,628 mi2. This is Europe's largest island. The official language of the island is English
and the capital is London. The major religion is Christianity then Islam and Hinduism. There are
multiple different ethnic groups in the United Kingdom some are British African, White/black
British, Mixed, and Irish to name a few of them (United Kingdom).
The chief crops are wheat, barley, oats and potatoes. Queen Elizabeth II is the Monarch of the
United Kingdom, and the Prime Minister is Theresa May. On Queen Elizabeth's 90th birthday she
had held...show more content...
In the last five years the UK's exports have decreased by –11.966% (OEC).
The total labor force of the UK comprises of people age 15 years or older, they have to meet the
International Labour Organization definition of the economically active population. The definition
is "All people who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period"
(Trading Economics). The highest percent of a labor force is in services they have 83.5% while
industry has 15.2% and agriculture has 1.3% (CIA). In 2013 the UK was paying $7.81 for the
minimum wage compared to the US $7.25, today the US's minimum wage is still $7.25. There
are now different types of minimum wage. There is a wage for apprentices, people that are not
entitled to the minimum wage, voluntary work, and work experience and internships (GOV.UK).
The GDP of the United Kingdom in 2016 was 2.619 trillion dollars. This represents 4.22% of the
world's economy. "The GDP measures the national income and output for a given country's
economy" (Trading Economics). The GDP per capita is $39,899.39. GDP per capita is the total
output divided by the number of people in the population. So you can figure out the average output
per person in the United Kingdom. Per capita helps to compare one country to another, it shows the
relative performance of the countries. The

British Parliament Essay
British Parliament Many of the political observers consider functions of the British Parliament as a
constantly changing in accordance with public demands and political ambitions.
In the 11th century for example when Parliament has had its origins, its main function was giving
an advice to Saxon monarchs by assembly of the wise called "Witangemot". Further historical
events like Civil War enforced power of the Parliament. Commons magnified its power; William of
...show more content...
Making Government accountable is one of Parliament's primary functions. The executive must
answer to the Parliament. This process is exercised in particular during the Question Time in the
House of Lords. Committees are also set up to provide expertise in best interest of the public.
Next function is representation. An MP may be elected on a party platform, represents geographical
area in the UK. His interest should be his constituents regardless of the party he is associated to.
Parliament is also engaged in the process of recruitment of government ministers. The vast majority
of government ministers are recruited form parliament. The majority of these will be MP's that
support the government; however the government can recruit from outside of Parliament or from the
House of Lords. Career politicians may use their backbench position as a springboard for future
promotions to office.
Existence of whips has a major impact on work of a whole government. House of Commons as well
as House of Lords has their own whips. They are responsible for maintaining order, insuring party
discipline and recruitment of governmental ministers. As they work in different state institutions
they have different ways of maintaining discipline. In the Upper House whips can only use the
power of persuasion on its members, while the whips from the House of Commons may use threat to
keep

The Economic System Of The Uk
Report by AI BING
The economic system in the UK, and evaluate its effectiveness.
Introduction
Firstly, British economy introduction. Secondly, the top field in the UK. Then is fortune global 500.
Finally, the economic impact to the people.
The British economy as an important trade entity, economic power and financial center, is the
world's fifth–biggest economy, is one also the world's most affluent, the most developed and one of
the highest living standards in the world. It is important that British capital London is one of the
world's two big international financial centers, along with New York. This report will discuss the
economic system in the UK, and evaluate its effectiveness. (Internations, 2016)
Content
The British economic system has six major categories. In agriculture, British agriculture is highly
concentrated, highly mechanized and efficiency is very high. In heavy industry, Britain has large
coal, natural gas and oil reserves. In tourist industry, Britain's tourism industry is very important,
each year more than 27 million Chinese tourists visit the UK, ranked seventh in the world. In
manufacturing industry, Britain status has declined but we still manufacture petroleum products,
computers, televisions and mobile phones. In service industry, particularly banking, finance,
shopping, insurance and business services as a share of GDP, the largest and leading status in the
world. In education, British education is a world leader include education and

The Labour Market Of The Uk
The labour market of the UK is a competitive environment. Workers and employers interact with
eachother on a day–to–day basis, with employers competing to hire the best workers and employees
competing to find the best work. The UK in particular has seen as increase in part–time jobs within
the lower end of their labour market, with recent evidence citing the UK having a larger number of
low–paid, part–time jobs compared to other developed countries. As a result of this increase of
low–skill work, there has been a growing problem of in–work poverty and failure to address the
growing cost of living with a 'Living Wage' in the UK. The IFS recently reported that low pay is one
of the main explanations for an individual experiencing in–work poverty. In this essay, I will assess
the current prospects of improving pay for those at the lower end of the labour market in the UK. I
will assess whether trade unions (TU) and internal labour markets (ILM) provide support or damage
attempts to improve pay and evaluate whether gender inequality is a problem, which is preventing
the lower end of the labour market from receiving improved pay.
Internal Labour Markets
It can be argued that the likelihood of pay improving for those at the lower end of the labour
market is supported by ILM. These allow employers to exercise a degree of autonomy by allowing
them to use an administrative unit where allocation of labour is governed by a set of rules and
procedures. It can be said that the lower

Essay about The British Monarchy
The British Monarchy
Nowadays, some scandals and salacious gossip that surrounded the royals seriously undermined the
symbolism of the constitutional monarchy, which indirectly influenced the current political situation.
The issue to be discussed, as to if the advantages of the UK having a constitutional monarchy are
greater than the disadvantages boils down to one fundamental question: if the present system of the
government of the UK adapt to the present society? My answer is: no. In this essay, I will look at
the two ideas and appropriate my answer.
The constitutional monarchy: an impartial symbolic head of state, and always acts on the advice of
minister, especially of prime minister,...show more content...
People would ask: where is the model of family? Where are the close family members? What we
saw is thousands of people cry for the death of Diana, thousands of people take flowers to mourn
Diana, but they are not relatives of Diana. People disappoint to the queen and other royals.
Other supporters would say the pomp and ceremony of royals pageantry is good for tourism and
increases the revenue of the government. Maybe it is true. However, if there are not a queen and
other royals, will the visitors not go to Britain? I think visitors are more interested in old castles,
churches and other sceneries than some person. If we need to put some people who look like
royals in castles or halls, we can ask for some actors instead, and it will be cheaper. We just need to
give them some payment, and the actors will pay their income tax. Now, what about the true royal
family? The civil list–an annual grant from Parliament, by 2000 almost ГўвЂљВ¤8 million –pays
for the personal income and households of leading members of the royal family, but not for the
upkeep of the royal estates, train, plane, horses, etc.which bring the total cost close to ГўвЂљВ¤100
million. The monarch is a drain on resources and the royals do very little.
We are told all are servants of the Crown: judges, ministers and bureaucrats, and we are all equal
under the Crown

United States And The United Kingdom Essay
Two of the most powerful democracies in the modern era, the United States and the United Kingdom
lead as examples as very successful forms of democratic government. Yet despite both states utilizing
democratic governments, both differ greatly on how they operate as a state and through its
governmental structure.
The Constitution:
The U.S created its current constitution after the failures of the Articles of Federation. It created a
strong central government that derived its powers from the constitution but also shared powers with
state and local governments. The UK on the other hand, does not have a single document that stands
as its constitution but instead enacts constitutional provisions over several Acts of Parliament. U.S
constitution is extremely difficult to ratify through political means. This contrasts greatly to UK
Acts of Parliament which can be changed by a simple majority in the legislature. The most important
aspect of the American constitution is the strict separation of powers of the executive, legislature,
and the judiciary branches of government. This separation of powers allows each branch to work
independently but also allow them to check each other's powers if one branch oversteps their
boundaries. Checks and balances within the three branches serve to limit but also connect each to
work together while being independent of each other. In the UK however, no such formal separation
of powers is present. The Government Minster must be a member of one of the

Studying in Uk Essay
Studying in UK
By
Group 6
Kingsley Ibeji1101620
COURSE TITLE:Communication in Business
April 6, 2011
Table of Content
1.0 Executive summary..................................................................2
2.0 Introduction.............................................................................3
3.0 Findings.................................................................................4.
3.1 Expectation role from teacher/ student ........................................5
3.2 Ethical challenges/ policies........................................................5
3.3 Method of assessment as it defer................................................6
3.4 Ability to meet up cost by working part–time...................................6
3.5 Ability to imbibe time management policy......................................6
3.6 The Culture shock phenomenon..................................................7
3.7 Different strategies of persuasion as it differs in the UK...................7
4.0...show more content...
All this are embedded into the social well being of a student studying in the UK. Academically, there
are other areas that have one effect or the other that pose as challenges, and of which is absolutely
paramount to every other thing.
In this report, we intend to look deep into various issues and expectations observed during our
studying in the UK
.
1. Expectation role from teacher/ student
2. Ethical challenges/ policies
3. Method of assessment as it defers from what they are used to.
4. Ability to meet up cost by working part–time
5. Ability to imbibe time management policy
6. The Culture shock phenomenon
7. The various strategies of persuasion as it differs in the UK
3.0 FINDINGS

To study in the UK is an excitement to every student. Being a student in the UK has enough
challenges especially when you may want to complicate things like falling ill and not having a
national insurance or not even registering with the national health insurance scheme. It is indeed an
interesting thing to study in the UK, but everything has

The United Kingdom Essay
The United Kingdom London is the capital of the United Kingdom. It ranks as one of the
world?s most historic cities, tracing its roots back nearly 2000 years. London has long been a
great world port and trading center. The port of London consists of two huge docks and 43 miles of
wharves along the Thames River. London also has a remarkable transportation system.
Expressways, and underground and surface railways carry more than one million commuters
between the outlying areas and central London each workday. More than 350,000 commuters travel
by subway, about 400,000 take surface trains and more than 100,000 go by bus. About 100,000
people drive their cars to work. The London subway system (the ?tube?), is the largest subway
They import and export more than any one country in the world. Community members have
abolished all tariffs and most other obstacles to the free movement of goods, services, or capital
among themselves. Community members participate in the European monetary system (EMS). The
EMS encourages trade and investment among community members by stabilizing the exchange rates
of its member?s currencies. The European Community has helped increase the economic welfare of
its member?s citizens. Members of the European Community enjoy many significant advantages.
They are able to exchange goods, tariff free, which is an essential element of their economic growth.
One other significant benefit of the community is the EMS, as it stabilizes the exchange rates of the
countries in the community. Since the 1950?s, community members have enjoyed significant
economic growth. The UK is an unparalleled member of the European Union and Europe?s most
attractive location for international business. It accounts for more than a third of global investment
in the European Union and some 40% of the total from the US and Japan. Within Europe itself,
cross–border investment in the UK far exceeds that of any other country. TheUnited Kingdom is one
of the world?s greatest trading powers. The UK?s main trading partners are France, Germany, the
Netherlands and the United States. In addition, the United Kingdom is one of the United States?

Migrants are defined as all those who were born outside the UK and were known as 'aliens' or
'foreigners'. Kostakopoulou calls this assumption into question, arguing that 'aliens' are by definition
outside the bounds of the community by virtue of a circular reasoning which takes for granted the
existence of bounded national communities, and that this which takes for granted the existence of
bounded national communities, and that this process of collective self–definition is deeply political
and historically dated. The composition of the current UK migrant population has of course been
conditioned by immigration policy over the past 50 years. Immigration has become a major debate
across the UK, with many different reasons given for and...show more content...
Honeyford made an interesting and yet controversial quotation, which was from a French
intellectual, Fannon that wrote.
"It's a just reparation which will be paid to us. Nor will we acquiesce in the help for
underdeveloped countries being a program of sisters of charity. This help should be the ratification
of a double realization: the realization by the colonized peoples that it is their due, and the
realization by the capitalist powers that in fact they must pay."
Sir Jones revealed that Britain has grown complacent and that migrants should not be blamed for
the nation's unemployment as they are willing to work for low wages and possess the skills and
education that Britain no longer provide for their own workforce .His opinion was shared by the
Home Secretary's, where they stated:
"I want the message to go out loud and clear that Britain will remain open for business. Our
economy will remain accessible to the best and the brightest in the world... as the Prime Minister
said entrepreneurs will be welcome."
Legrain considers the advantages of immigration in his book and clearly defends the concept of
immigration. He is determined to argue the benefits

How Democratic Is the Uk? Essay
Democracy in the United Kingdom has changed a lot over the years however the definition has
never changed. The right for people to choose and decide how a country is run. This essay will help
decide whether the United Kingdom still follows that definition of being a true democracy and
analysing how this has affected the people of the UK.
The first thing to look at is the various types of democracy used in the UK. There are many
examples of the various types of democracies with the first being direct democracy. A recent
example of what a direct democracy can do is the Scottish Referendum taking place throughout
Scotland. This allows the people of Scotland to take the decision of independence in to their own
hands. This is a great example...show more content...
The people who vote for losing candidates in a seat might just as well have just not voted in the
first place. Whether their candidate loses by 20,000 votes or by one, the outcome is the same.
Similarly, if a candidate wins by 20,000 votes, 19,999 of his or her votes are 'wasted'.
Another common criticism of the UK system is that, although most politicians are elected, many
powerful people hold their positions without having to face the voters. Over the years criticism
has focused on the House of Lords, the civil service and judges. While the people serving these
positions may indeed be experts in their field, the citizens of the UK have absolutely no say in who
is elected into these positions. This shows a problem in the United Kingdom's democratic system and
one that does not follow a representative democracy.
While the United Kingdom is considered a representative democracy it is arguable to how
representative it is of everyone. It is highly unlikely that you would ever find an MP is
Parliament who is from a lower class background with the majority of MPs coming from the
middle and upper classes. This shows a problem with the UK's system as not everyone is getting
their voices heard in this regard. While it is possible for pressure groups to get their views heard by
governments, they will ensure that pressure groups do not become so powerful they steal the
government's legitimacy.
In conclusion it can be argued that the United Kingdom's

Prisons and the UK Criminal Justice System
The ongoing role of prison within the UK Criminal Justice System is becoming increasingly
unclear. On the one hand in the 21st century, it is considered to be a "state strategy for crime
control, a deterrent for those contemplating crime and punitive response for those who have broken
laws"McAvinchey (2011 pg.10). On the other hand, it is also supposed to have a rehabilitative
purpose, the intended role of a prison is to rehabilitate the offender so that when they have completed
their prison sentence, they can be successfully rehabilitated back into the community and live a
crime free fulfilled life. Yet, when examining the vital statistics that underline an increase in prisoner
population, it is clearly apparent that the system neither...show more content...
HГёidal , a prison officer in Halden prison Norway 2012 explains
"Everyone who is imprisoned inside Norwegian prisons will be released and will go back to
society. We look at what kind of neighbour you want to have when they come out. If you stay in a
box for a few years, then you are not a good person when you come out. If you treat them hard...
well, we don't think that treating them hard will make them a better man. We don't think about
revenge in the Norwegian prison system. We have much more focus on rehabilitation", Guardian
newspaper (2012).
This focus on rehabilitation as opposed to punishment appears to have had positive effects, as
reoffending rates were less than 30% in 2013 in Norway, Guardian newspaper (2012). This was the
lowest reoffending rate in Europe in that year; it is currently half of the reoffending rates within the
UK. It could be said that this therapeutic type of prison is controversial, as one may argue that they
are not punishing offenders for the crimes that they have committed, with the belief that prison life
should not be enjoyable. Osbourne from the New York Times argues that prisons should not be a
place of enjoyment "if things are made... pleasant for convicts.. the result

The British Constitution Essay example
The British Constitution
A constitution is a set of laws on how a country is governed. The British Constitution is unwritten,
unlike the constitution in America, and, as such, is referred to as an uncodified constitution. The
British Constitution can be found in a variety of documents. Supporters of our constitution believe
that the current way allows for flexibility and change to occur without too many problems. Those
who want a written constitution believe that it should be codified so that the public as a whole has
access to it – as opposed to just constitutional experts who know where to look and how to interpret
it.
Amendments to Britain's unwritten constitution are made the same way –...show more content...
There are two basic principles to the British Constitution:
* The Rule of Law
* The Supremacy of Parliament
The main arguments for a written and codified constitution:
Parliament is currently unrestrained:
It can make or unmake any law.
It cannot be checked by any other branch of the system
Its heavy workload can mean poor laws are passed
The Unitary system can mean the creation of laws that are inappropriate to regions of the UK
~ The independence of the Judiciary would be protected
~ Basic rights of citizens are identified and guaranteed
~ There will be less constitutional crises as there will not be confusion as to what is 'unconstitutional
behaviour'
~ A large parliamentary majority means the domination of the legislature by the executive. An
"elective dictatorship"
~ The first past the post system creates an "exaggerated mandate" for the largest party, which is

unlikely to have over 50% of the votes (this has not happened since 1945)
~ Without a Bill of Rights, it is Parliament's duty to preserve liberties. However these can be
removed at any time by Parliament (e.g. Internment, the Prevention of Terrorism Act).
The main arguments against a written and codified constitution:
~ "If it ain't broke, don't fix it". The British constitution has served us well over the

Essay On Asda
Asda is the UK's second biggest store. It was established in 1949 under the name of Associated
Dairies and Farm Group yet abbreviated this to Asda in 1965. It is a retailer centered around
offering nourishment, garments, gadgets, toys, home decorations and general stock. Asda likewise
offers a scope of extra services, for example, Asda Money budgetary services.
In 1999 Asda turned into an auxiliary of Walmart, the biggest store chain on the planet. This
empowered Walmart to enter the UK showcase additionally gave Asda access to the full scope of
ability of the Walmart organization. Walmart right now utilizes more than 2 million partners
worldwide in 27 nations. In UK, Asda is one of the largest employers with more than 175,000
associates working over its numerous organizations. These incorporate an assortment of parts in its
Superstores, Supermarkets, Home Office, Distribution, George and Asda Living. Asda keeps on
growing its operations in the UK and as of late procured various stores...show more content...
The Walmart way may not be the best individual's administration technique over the world and the
guardian needs to shape eco–frameworks in the diverse nations it works to guarantee that the
neighbourhood representatives are enthused and pleased to work for the organization. The hubris on
the Americanism of each store over the world needs to change to a particular settlement for national
and territorial societies and ethos.
The social introduction of each nation the organization works in must not just consider the shopper
conduct of the nation, additionally the general human or worker behavioural angles too. The
droning of the organization song of praise in the morning was not got well by German specialists
since they felt humiliated by singing in broad daylight, a social misreading. The worth frameworks
inside the way of life of the association must be touchy to the nearby culture and

Economic Effects of Immigration in the Uk Essay
Economic Effects of Immigration in the UK
Within the past ten years, immigration has tripled in the UK. The rising trend of immigration has led
to a strongly negative perception towards foreigners within the British population. Economists have
a more modest opinion on immigration; the economic impact of immigration seems crucial, but it
would seem that it in fact only has a small effect on the domestic labor market. Furthermore, the
Home Office has indirectly conceded that they have lost the general compendium over the number of
incoming immigrants, creating objectives to manage immigration to the benefit of the UK. Firstly,
an assessment of the immigration statistics will be made, giving an overview of the accrued
immigrants as of...show more content...
Evidence from the Workers Registration Scheme (WRS) suggests that 82% of the immigrants are
aged 18–34 and almost half of them (44%) are aged 18–24. The recent increase of unemployment in
Great Britain has been within these younger age groups, which might suggest a possible link with
A8 immigration. Taking a closer look at the British economic situation; other factors may also have
contributed to these recent trends within the labor market. An increased number of older workers
were registered due to lower projected pensions and anti–age–discrimination legislation.1 The
modest downturn of the economy in 2005 might also have had some ramification.John Hawksworth,
macroeconomist at PWC, considers increased immigration in the UK labor market to be essential in
propping up the world's fourth largest industrial economy since the UK population is ageing. His
research suggests that immigrants positively contribute to the British pension crisis, especially as
the 1945 baby boom state pension age was reached in 2006. Secondly, there is a current shortage
of highly skilled workers in key sectors, such as IT. Thirdly, the British population is becoming
more highly skilled and people are enjoying a better level of education. Therefore many British
citizens might dismiss certain jobs, such as unskilled jobs workings. Economists believe that even if

U.K. Economy Essay
U.K. Economy
The UK government currently has four main macroeconomic aims that it is pursuing. These aims
are those of low unemployment, low inflation, and high and stable economic growth as well as a
favourable balance of payments current account position. This essay will concentrate on the
government's success in the first three of its aims listed above and how these macroeconomic aims
can or have been achieved using fiscal and monetary policy. Fiscal policy is used to affect aggregate
demand by altering taxation and government spending; monetary policy also affects aggregate
demand by the manipulation of interest rates and the supply of money.
Economic growth is the prime measurement of a country's economy as it...show more content...
Indeed, inflation since 1990 has remained remarkably stable by UK standards, however in February
2003 the RPI rose to 3.2%, mainly due to clothing and petrol prices going up.
Monetary policy has allowed the UK to enjoy low levels of inflation for a number of years now, in
particular since the 1990's. This can be seen in the diagram below, where the Bank of England have
been able to meet the 2.5% target (+ or – 0.5%) through the skilful use of interest rates. Generally, if
inflationary pressures on the economy are high, the MPC reacts by increasing interest rates.
This increase in interest rates causes a fall in aggregate demand from
AD1 to AD2 and thus a fall in inflation from P1 to P2 via the following transmission mechanisms.
Consumption, a component of aggregate demand (consumption + investment + government
spending +
(exports–imports)) falls as the cost of credit increases due to more interest having to be repaid and
thus big ticket credit purchases become relatively more expensive, as the opportunity cost of
spending increases (as more interest is forgone) and as the effective disposable income of consumers
on variable rate mortgages falls.
Furthermore, investment falls as firms are less willing to obtain more expensive credit through
borrowing and more likely to

Democracy in the UK Essay
Democracy in the UK
Direct democracy comprises a form of democracy and theory of civics where all citizens can
directly participate in the decision–making process.
Direct democracy in its traditional form is rule by the people through referenda. The people are
given the right to pass laws, veto laws and withdraw support from a representative at any time. In the
United States when specific direct democracy issues, other than the election of representatives, reach
a local– or state–level ballot, they are commonly referred to by local and state governments as
"ballot questions" or "ballot measures".
B) Explain the main features of indirect democracy.
Indirect democracy is when...show more content...
acts on majority desires. There is evidence that this type of system works: westerns economy has
flourished under this type of democracy. It provides certain amounts of freedom and equality i.e.
freedom of speech and equal rights for men and women. There is a widespread toleration of
beliefs; there is no discrimination i.e. you will be treated in the same way what ever colour of skin
you have or what ever religion you follow.
However there are things that show that indirect democracy although effective is not as fair as it
seems. It gives power to few people; this increases the chances of corruption and abuse of power by
the government. The members of the House of Lords in the UK are unelected, they have inherited
their positions. This means that people who may be unsuitable for the job are in power.
There is limited freedom in that an average adult only votes 11 times in the whole of his or her
life. Government secrecy leads to belief that the public is being denied the right to know various
things such as where in the UK you are most likely to be affected by cancer
C) How democratic is the UK?
I think the UK is a fairly democratic state. It has an extensive franchise meaning that almost all
adults over the age of 18 have the right to vote. There are no barriers of class, race or gender.
Everybody has ONE vote i.e. everyone ideally has the same amount of power.

The Uk 's Climate Policy Essay
Introduction
There has been significant movement to the UK's climate policy in the last decade. The UK has
adopted various policies and instruments to mitigate and adapt to climate change. The recent
legislation to tackle climate change in the UK, is successful in itself. This is compared to the
international community who have failed to create a fully legally binding document. However
climate policy in the UK has not been a resounding success; there is not a wide enough range of
active policies and instruments. In addition, the current policies need to remain consistent and
extend their applicability to gain success.
Brief History of UK Climate Policy
The UNFCCC was established in 1994 to address climate change at an international level. Since then,
the parties to the convention (including the EU) meet annually in Conferences of the Parties. The
Kyoto Protocol (1997) set an obligation for developed countries to lower greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions, through setting national targets, using 1990 as a base level. The UK has been one of
only a few countries to comply with the international obligation and has reduced GHG emissions
since 1990.
The Climate Change Act is the first UK legislation to solely address climate change. It focuses on
mitigating climate change, using energy more efficiently; and adapting to risks such as floods. This
act set the UK with a long–term emissions reduction target of at least 80% lower than the 1990
baseline by 2050. Carbon budgets are set by the

Essay on Broadcasting in the UK
Broadcasting in the UK
Introduction:
Broadcasting, the transmission of information by radio or television, is a major factor affecting the
television industry today. Broadcasting is currently achieved through analogue, a system that has
existed since television began in the 1940's and 50's. "Analogue converts sound and pictures into
waves, which are then transmitted through the air and picked up by our rooftops or indoor aerials."
But, because of rapid technological advances in the modern era, analogue will soon be obsolete, and
is presently in the process of being replaced by digital broadcasting, the new form of broadcasting
that "turns pictures and sound into computer language, which changes one's television into a form of
The government had some idea of a desired date for the television industry to complete its analogue
switch–off, and stated that switch–off will occur when 70% of the population owns a digital
television, which could take place between 2006 and 2010. This lack of clarity creates another factor
in holding people back from understanding digital. Experts within the television industry indicated
that once a definite switch–off date has been announced, the 70% target will be reached "quite
quickly." The government has said that before switch–over can happen, 99.4% of the population
must be covered by digital transmissions and that 95% of consumers must have access to digital
equipment. However, previous estimates had predicted that the 70% target will be reached in 2015,
at the earliest. And because there is a large number of confused customers, experts doubted that
broadcasters would be able to switch to digital by 2006. As a matter of fact, recent research by the
Consumers Association indicated that customer confusion is one reason why switch–over from
analogue to digital by 2006 at the earliest, and 2010 at the latest, as specified by government
regulations, is very unlikely to be. Research shows that while nearly half of Britain plans to convert
to digital television within the next three years, 46% of the UK population admitted that

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