The document discusses the history and principles of universal design and universal design for learning. It begins by describing the lack of handicapped accessibility in buildings before 1973 and the passage of laws prohibiting discrimination based on disability. This led to retrofitting many buildings to accommodate people with disabilities, which was expensive. The goal of universal design was to create accessible buildings from the initial design. The document then discusses how laws were extended to prohibit disability discrimination in the private sector as well. It introduces the three principles of universal design for learning: providing multiple means of representation, expression, and engagement for students. It provides examples to illustrate each principle and discusses how technology enables universal design for learning solutions in classrooms.