2. What is a Social Group?
Man is a social animal.He lives in a social group.Social
group is collection of human beings who are brought
into social relationship with one another with a
common goal under a common set of codes.A social
group may be a pair ,a number of persons, or even a
collection millions of people.A social group may be a
sports club,a political party,a family etc.
3. Types
According to “Charles Horton Cooley(1909)”
Intimate pair group
Quasi group
Primary group
Secondary group
4. Primary Group
Primary group is the nucleus of all social
organisations.It’s a group of a small number of persons
who come into direct contact with each other.They meet
face to face with the aim of helping each other mutually
and for companionship an discussion of common
goals.Primary groups are also the key means of
socialization in society,the main place where
attitudes,values and orientations are developed and
sustained.
5. Characteristics of Primary group
Physical proximity
Small size
Stability
Similarity of background
Limited self interest
Personal relationship
Continuety of relationship
Intensity of shared interests
6. Secondary Group
The secondary group is a large group like a
city,nation,political party,corporation and labour union
etc.Here contacts among the members are limited in
scope and established after much trial and error towards
individual’s goal.
7. Characteristics of Secondary group
Formal and impersonal relations
Large in size
Option of membership
Relations
Individual’s status
Orientations
8. According to “Franklin Henry Giddings”
Genetic
People are contacted by blood relationship or birth
relationship.eg:Brother-Sister.
Congregate
That group in which people come late and
join.eg:any class in which any students comes later
and join.
9. According to “George Simmel”
Dyad
Triad
According to “Miller”
Vertical
Horizontal
10. According to “Toseland” and “Rivas”
2.Formed Group
Catagorised
1.Natural Group
B.Task GpA.Teratment Gp
11. 1.Natural group
Is that group which is formed by nature like blood
relationship and born relationship.eg:Brother-Sister.
2.Formed Group
That group which is formed after birth and this formed
group is catagorised in two.
i. Treatment Group
ii. Task Group
12. Formal Group
Established by organisation to perform organisational work.This
formal group also devided into two groups.
a. Command group
b. Task group
Informal Group
Are natural grouping of employees that form to fullfill social
needs,evolving naturally.It is also devided in two groups.
a. Interest group
b. Friendship group
