The document discusses the TurkStream pipeline project which will transport natural gas from Russia to Turkey and southeast Europe. It provides details on the history and route of the project, including that Gazprom received permits from Turkey in 2016. The offshore pipelines will run under the Black Sea near Istanbul and an underground pipeline will connect to Turkey's existing gas network. The document emphasizes that pipelines provide a safe and efficient method of transport and that TurkStream will offer a reliable energy supply to Turkey and the region.

1. International Ataturk Alatoo University

2. Turkish Stream
SUBJECT: TURKEY IN WORLD POLITICS
LECTURER: IBRAHIM KONCAK
STUDENT: AIDARBEK CHALBAEV
GROUP: INT-13A
DATE: 08.12.16

3. History of project
 On December 1, 2014, Gazprom and Botas Petroleum Pipeline Corporation
signed the Memorandum of Understanding to construct a gas pipeline
running across the Black Sea toward Turkey.

4.  In September 2016, Gazprom received first permits for the TurkStream
project from the Turkish authorities.
 On October 10, 2016, the Government of the Russian Federation and the
Government of the Turkish Republic inked the Agreement on the
TurkStream project
.

5. Route of Turkish stream

6. Route Of Turkish Stream
 TurkStream will directly connect the large gas reserves in Russia to the Turkish
gas transportation network, to provide reliable energy supplies for Turkey and
south-east Europe.
 The offshore component of the system will be constructed by PAO Gazprom.
The offshore pipeline will consist of two parallel pipelines running through the
Black Sea. The pipelines will enter the water near Anapa, on the Russian coast,
and come ashore on the Turkish coast some 100 kilometres west of Istanbul,
near the village of Kiyikoy.
 From Kiyikoy, an underground pipeline will be developed connecting
TurkStream to the existing network at Luleburgaz. The route will continue from
there to its end point at the Turkish town of Ipsala, near the Greek border.

7. Health and Safety

8. Health & Safety
 Pipelines are safe, convenient and efficient way to transport natural gas from
source to destination. When fully operational, TurkStrem will offer a reliable
energy supply for Turkey and the wider region by delivering 31.5 billion cubic
meters of natural gas annually.
 Since the first-ever underwater gas pipeline was built in the 1950s, technology
has developed significantly and offshore pipelines are now one of the safest
and most efficient ways of transporting hydrocarbons such as natural gas. To
date, there have been no major incidents involving these offshore gas
pipelines.
 But at TurkStream, not only do we prioritize safety, we are also committed to
developing the Project in an environmentally and socially responsible manner.

9. Benefits for Turkey
 TurkStream will lead to direct and indirect
investments that will give an economic
impulse for local communities. The
development of infrastructure in Turkey and
beyond will support the further modernization
of the industry and economy, allowing local
businesses and customers to build on growing
opportunities. Additionally, an annual capacity
of 31.5 bcm means that TurkStream will
further help Turkey boost its geostrategic
importance. As a bridge between East and
West, Turkey is increasingly becoming a key
regional energy hub for the region and will
become a key supply link for south-eastern
Europe via TurkStream.

10. Thanks for your Attention!