Turisum

Project: Evaluation of the Scheme of Financial Assistance to States for
Development of Circuits / Destinations Final Report
12

13
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………….….………………...i-vi
LIST OF TABLES……………………………………………………………..…...vii-ix
LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………….……………….………..…....ix
LIST OF MAPS………………………………………………………...………….…..ix
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY…………………………………………...…………..…xi-xx
PART-I EVALUATION OF IDENTIFIED 41 SAMPLE TOURISM PROJECTS
CHAPTER I PROJECT BACKGROUND
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 1
1.3 SCOPE OF THE WORK 1
1.4 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY 4
1.5 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT 6
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF TOURISM SCHEME
2.1 SALIENT FEATURES OF SCHEMES OF DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN CIRCUIT AND
ESTINATION……………………………………………………………………... 7
2.1.1 SCHEME FOR INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST CIRCUITS 7
2.1.1.1 INTRODUCTION……………………………..……..…………………………………... 7
2.1.1.2 OBJECTIVE: 8
2.1.1.3 CIRCUIT IDENTIFICATION: 8
2.1.1.4 COMPONENTS OF THE SCHEME: 8
2.1.1.5 PERMISSIBLE ACTIVITIES 9
2.1.2 DESTINATION DEVELOPMENT SCHEME 9
2.1.2.1 INTRODUCTION 9
2.1.2.2 OBJECTIVE 10
2.1.2.3 DESTINATION IDENTIFICATION 10
2.1.2.4 COMPONENTS OF THE SCHEMES 10
2.1.2.5 PERMISSIBLE ACTIVITIES 10
2.1.3. Modification in Scheme for Development of Circuit/Destination……………...11
CHAPTER III - EVALUATION OF IDENTIFIED SAMPLE TOURISM PROJECTS.12
3.1 GUJARAT 13
3.1.1 TOURISM SCENARIO 13
3.1.1.1 THE PEOPLE 13
3.1.1.2 CONNECTIVITY / TRANSPORTATION 13
3.1.1.3 TOURISM IN GUJARAT 14
3.1.2 PROJECT UNDER TOURIST SCHEMES 15
3.1.2.3 SOUND AND LIGHT SHOW AT SABARMATI ASHRAM 16
3.1.2.4 RURAL TOURISM AT HODKA 22
3.1 HIMACHAL PRADESH 26
3.2.1.2 TRANSPORTATION / CONNECTIVITY 26
3.2.1.3 TOURIST ARRIVAL IN HIMACHAL PRADESH 27

14
3.2.2.1 CONSTRUCTION OF TOURIST COMPLEX AT FAGU, SHIMLA……………………………..29
3.2.2.2 CONSTRUCTION OF NATURAL HEALTH CLINIC AT TATTAPANI, MANDI 32
3.2.2.3 TOURIST COMPLEX AT KALPA 34
3.2.2.4 RIVER RAFTING FACILITIES AT PIRDI, DISTT. KULLU 36
3.3 KARNATAKA 39
3.3.1.1 PEOPLE 39
3.3.1.3 TOURISM IN KARNATAKA 40
3.3.2 PROJECTS UNDER TOURIST SCHEMES 40
3.3.2.1 ECO TOURISM AND NATURE CAMP AT BHEEMESWARI FISHING CAMP, MANDYA 42
3.3.2.2 PUBLIC CONVENIENCES AT HAMPI 45
3.3.2.3 JUNGLE LODGES TOURIST RESORT, HAMPI (DUBARE ELEPHANT PARK) 47
3.3.2.4 CONSTRUCTION OF LOG HUTS AT CAUVERY FISHING CAMP, DADDAMAKHLI 48
3.3.2.5 RURAL TOURISM PROJECT AT ANEGUNDI 50
3.4 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 54
3.4.1.3 TOURISM IN ARUNACHAL PRADESH 55
3.4.2.1 CONSTRUCTION OF CC STEPS, RESTING HUTS, TOILETS AND WATER AT LAGYALA CAMP
58
3.4.2.2 CONSTRUCTION OF BOUNDARY FENCING AT GANGE LAKE ITANAGAR 59
3.5 ASSAM 61
3.5.1.1 LOCATION 62
3.5.1.2 FESTIVALS 62
3.5.1.3 TOURISM IN ASSAM 62
3.5.1.4 TRANSPORT/CONNECTIVITY 62
3.5.1.5 YATRI NIWAS AT BARPETA PILGRIM CENTRE 63
3.6 SIKKIM 65
3.6.1.1 LOCATION 65
3.6.2 TOURISM IN SIKKIM 66
3.6.3.1 RENOVATION AND UP GRADATION OF SINOCHIN TOURIST LODGE AT GANGTOK 69
3.6.3.2 REFURBISHMENT OF OLD RUMTEK GUMPA 71
3.6.3.3 DEVELOPMENT OF HOT SPRINGS IN YUMTHANG IN NORTH SIKKIM 73
3.6.3.4 CONSTRUCTION OF TOURIST INFORMATION CENTRE (TIC) AT PELLING 76
3.7 ANDHRA PRADESH 78
3.7.1.1 LOCATION 78
3.7.1.3 TRANSPORTATION / CONNECTIVITY………………………………...………….………79
3.7.2 PROJECTS UNDER TOURIST SCHEMES 81
3.7.2.1 WAYSIDE FACILITIES AT BORRA CAVE, VISHAKHAPATNAM 82
3.7.2.2 DEVELOPMENT OF BELLUM CAVES, KURNOOL 86
3.8 ORISSA 97

15
3.8.1.1 LOCATION 97
3.8.1.4 TOURISM IN ORISSA 99
3.8.2.1 CONSTRUCTION OF TREKKING BASE CAMP AT KULDIAH, BALASORE 103
3.9 BIHAR 106
3.9.1.1 LOCATION 106
3.9.1.3 LINKAGES/TRANSPORTATION 107
3.9.2 TOURISM IN BIHAR 107
3.9.3.1 TOURIST COMPLEX AT VAISHALI 108
3.9.3.2 ILLUMINATION OF MAHABODHI TEMPLE AT BODHGAYA 111
3.9.3.4 TOURIST COMPLEX CUM INFORMATION CENTRE AT PURNEA 114
3.10 MADHYA PRADESH 116
3.10.1TOURISM SCENARIO 116
3.10.1.1 LOCATION 116
3.10.1.2 THE PEOPLE 117
3.10.2TOURISM IN MADHYA PRADESH 117
3.10.3PROJECT UNDER TOURIST SCHEMES 118
3.10.3.1 TOURIST COMPLEX AT PANCHMARHI 119
3.10.3.2 SOUND AND LIGHT SHOW AT KHAJURAHO…………………………………………...121
3.11 GOA 125
3.11.1TOURISM SCENARIO 125
3.11.2LOCATION 125
3.11.3THE PEOPLE 125
3.11.4TRANSPORTATION / CONNECTIVITY 125
3.11.5TOURISM IN GOA 126
3.11.6PROJECT UNDER TOURIST SCHEMES 127
3.11.6.1 PUBLIC CONVENIENCES AT MAPUSA & MARGOVA 128
3.11.6.2 PUBLIC CONVENIENCES AT VASCO, BIDWLIN, PONDA AND ANJUM BEACH 130
3.11.6.3 UP GRADATION AND RENOVATION OF TOURIST HOSTEL, PANAJI 132
3.11.6.4 WAYSIDE FACILITIES AT PERNEM TALUKA, NORTH GOA 135
3.12 PROJECTS’ CATEGORISATION AND REVIEW OF
PERFORMANCE…………………………………………………………………..……..142
3.13 TOURISM IMPACT ASSEMENT MATRIX……………………………….…..147
PART-II EVALUATION OF IDENTIFIED 8 ADDITIONAL SAMPLE TOURISM PROJECTS
CHAPTER IV EVALUATION OF IDENTIFIED SAMPLE TOURISM PRODUCTS
4.1 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................148
4.2 KERALA ..................................................................................................................................149
4.2.1 TOURISM RESOURCES 149
4.2.2 PEOPLE AND CULTURE: 149
4.2.3 CONNECTIVITY/TRANSPORTATION: 150
4.2.4 TYPES OF TOURISM IN KERALA 150
4.2.6 SAMPLE PROJECTS UNDER TOURISTS SCHEMES IN KERALA 151
4.2.7 LOCATIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECTS:152

16
4.2.8 RESTORATION OF EAST FORT HERITAGE AREA INCLUDING PROVIDING PAVED PATHWAYS
AROUND THE FORT: 158
4.2.8.1 IMPACT ANALYSIS: 160
4.2.9 REFURBISHMENT OF TRAVANCORE PALACES, THIRUVANANTHPURAM: 161
4.2.9.1 IMPACT ANALYSIS: 163
4.3 TAMIL NADU ............................................................................................................................165
4.3.2 THE PEOPLE AND CULTURE 165
4.3.3 TRANSPORTATION/CONNECTIVITY165
4.3.4 TYPES OF TOURISM 166
4.3.5 PROJECTS UNDER TOURISTS SCHEMES 166
4.3.6 LOCATIONAL ANALYSIS 167
4.3.7 THE PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OF PARK NEAR THE SHORE TEMPLE 168
4.3.7.1 IMPACT ANALYSIS 169
4.4 UTTAR PRADESH ..................................................................................................................172
4.4.2 PEOPLE AND CULTURE 172
4.4.3 TRANSPORTATION /CONNECTIVITY 172
4.4.6 TOURISM PROJECT IN UTTAR PRADESH 173
4.4.8 THE PROJECT CONSTRUCTION OF INTERPRETATION CENTRE/ SHOPPING CENTRE AT FATEHPUR
SIKRI….... 175
4.4.8.1 IMPACT ANALYSIS 176
4.5 WEST BENGAL.........................................................................................................................178
4.5.2 THE PEOPLE AND CULTURE 178
4.5.3 TRANSPORTATION/CONNECTIVITY178
4.5.5 TOURISM PROJECTS IN WEST BENGAL 179
4.5.7 THE PROJECT - REPAIR OF BATHING GHATS, FENCING OFTHE AREA NEAR RIVER HOOGHLY181
4.5.7.1 IMPACT OF THE PROJECT 181
4.6 KARNATAKA ............................................................................................................................184
4.6.2 TOURISM PROJECTS KARNATAKA 184
4.6.4 THE PROJECT - DEVELOPMENT OF RAVINDRA NATH TAGORE BEACH. 185
4.7 MAHARASHTRA ......................................................................................................................188
4.7.3 TRANSPORTATION /CONNECTIVITY 188
4.7.4 TOURISM TYPES 189
4.7.5 TOURISM PROJECTS IN MAHARASHTRA 190
4.7.7 THE PROJECT - DEVELOPMENT OF PANDHARPUR-DEHU- ALANDI CIRCUIT. 193
4.8. RAJASTHAN...........................................................................................................................197

17
4.8.2 TRANSPORTATION/CONNECTIVITY 197
4.8.5 TOURISM PROJECTS IN RAJASTHAN……………………………………………………..199
4.8.6 LOCATIONAL ANALYSIS………………………………………………………………….200
4.8.7 THE PROJECT- LANDSCAPING. PLANTATION ETC AT FATEHPUR, NAWALGARH-MANDWA…...200
4.9 PROJECTS’ CATEGORISATION AND REVIEW OF PERFORMANCE ........................201
4.10 TOURISM IMPACT ASSEMENT MATRIX........................................................................202
PART-III EVALUATION OF TOURISM SCHEME AND RECOMMENDATIONS
CHAPTER V EVALUATION OF EXISTING TOURISM SCHEME
5.1 TOURISM SCHEME ANS ITS APLICIBILITY……...…………………………………….....204
CHAPTER VI RECOMMENNDATIONS FOR TOURISM SCHEME
6.1 RECOMMENNDATIONS…….………………………….……………………..…….….206
6.1.1 SELECTION OF CIRCUIT/DESTINATION IN CONFIRMITY WITHPERSPECTIVE TOURISM PLAN OF A
STATE ……………………………………………..…………………………………206
6.1.2 GREATER EMPHSIS ON SELS-SUSTAINBILITY OF THE PROJECT....…………….…………...207
6.1.3 OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE……………………………………………………...207
6.1.4 IMPROVED MARKETING STRATEGY………...……...……………..……………………..208
ANNEXURE
I SCHEME FOR PRODUCT / INFRASTRUCTURE AND DESTINATION DEVELOPMENT
II SCHEME FOR INTERAED DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST CIRCUITS
III DATA TO BE COLLECTED FROM TOURISM DEPARTMENT

18
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1: Tourism in Gujarat
Table 3.2: Tourist Arrival in Gujarat
Table 3.3: Impact of the Project
Table 3.7: Tourist inflow in Himachal Pradesh
Table 3.8: Tourism in Himachal Pradesh
Table 3.9: Expenditure break-up for the hotel
Table 3.11: Expenditure break-up for the construction work
Table 3.13: Expenditure break-up for the Tourist complex
Table 3.15: Expenditure break-up for the River Rafting Facility.
Table 3.17: Tourism in Karnataka
Table 3.18: Tourist arrival in Karnataka
Table 3.24: Tourist arrival in Arunachal Pradesh
Table 3.27: Tourist arrival in Sikkim
Table 3.29: Tourist arrival in Rumtek Monastery
Table 3.31: Tourist arrival at site

19
Table 3.34: Tourist arrival in Andhra Pradesh
Table 3.36; Annual Expenditure at Bellum Caves
Table 3.37: Employment Generation at Bellum caves
Table 3.41: Various activities under the Project
Table 3.44; Tourist arrival in Orissa
Table 3.45: Status of the Projects in Orissa
Table 3.47: Type of Tourism in Bihar
Table 3.48: Tourist arrival statistics of Bihar
Table 3.52: Tourist Arrival in Madhya Pradesh
Table 3.55: Tourist Arrival in Goa
Table 3.56: Details of toilet complexes
Table 3.60: Tourist inflow
Table 3.61: Income Expenditure Pattern
Table 4.1: List of Projects
Table 4.2.1: Type of Tourism in Kerala
Table 4.2.2: Tourist arrivals in Kerala
Table 4.2.3: Tourist arrivals in Thiruvananthapuram District
Table 4.2.4: List of Heritage buildings undertaken for restoration, pavement works and their
status

20
Table 4.2.5: Details of works carried out in heritage buildings and pavement improvement.
Table 4.2.6: Impact of the Project
Table 4.2.7: List of Palaces undertaken for restoration, and their status
Table 4.2.8: Details of works carried out in Travancore Palaces.
Table 4.5.1: Types of Tourism
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1: Number of tourists attending the sound and light show
Figure3.2: Income / expenditure pattern of the project
Figure 3.3: Tourist inflow in Hampi
Figure 3.4: Tourist inflow of wayside facilities at Borra Cave, Vishakhapatnam
Figure 3.5: Income/expenditure pattern of wayside facilities at Borra Cave,
Vishakhapatnam
Figure3.6: Tourist inflow of development of Bellum Caves, Kurnool
Figure 3.7: Revenue from entry ticket development of Bellum Caves, Kurnool
Figure 3.8: Tourist visiting Panchlingeswar Temple
Figure 3.9: Tourist inflow
Figure 3.10: Tourist inflow at Tourist Hostel, Panaji
Figure 3.11: Net profit in last four years
Figure 3.12: Market / Development trend

21
LIST OF MAPS
Map1: Identified tourist destinations in Gujarat
Map2: Identified tourist destinations in Himachal Pradesh
Map3: Identified tourist destinations in Karnataka
Map4: Identified Tourist Spots in Arunachal Pradesh
Map5: Identified tourist destinations in Sikkim
Map6: Identified tourist destinations in Andhra Pradesh
Map7: Identified tourist destinations in Orissa
Map8: Identified tourist destinations in Bihar
Map9: Identified tourist destinations in Madhya Pradesh
Map10: Identified tourist destinations in Goa
Map11: Location of the projects in Kerala
Map 12: Location of projects in Tamilnadu
Map 13: Location of projects in Uttar Pradesh
Map 14: Location of projects in West Bengal
Map 15: Location of projects in Maharashtra
Map 16: Location of projects in Rajasthan

22
Executive Summary
1.7 INTRODUCTION
It is well understood that travel and tourism sector creates more jobs per million rupees of
investment than any other sector of the economy. In order to give greater impetus to the
development and promotion of tourism in India, the Central Government has taken various
steps to stimulate investment in tourism sector and to encourage State Governments to
develop unique tourism products. On the same lines of action, Ministry of Tourism (MoT)
has evolved two schemes viz; (i) Destination Tourism Development Scheme and (ii) Circuit
Tourism Development Scheme, for tourism infrastructure /product development in various
states. Till present, both schemes have been merged into one and various projects have
been sanctioned and implemented under the same.
During the 10th
five year plan (2002-2007), Planning Commission, Government of India
(GoI) desired that these schemes may be get evaluated so that necessary modifications, if
required, may be made in the schemes while continuing the schemes during the 11th
five
year plan. The Ministry of Tourism (MoI), Government of India, therefore, decided to
evaluate these two schemes through a consultant by selecting a sample of projects
sanctioned and completed under these schemes.
In view of the above, Ministry of Tourism (MoT), commissioned, M/s Consulting Engineering
Services (India) Pvt Ltd. (CES) as a consultant to undertake an evaluation study. This study
included 41 sample projects spread over 11 states. CES completed the study up to the stage
of Drat Final Report in November 2006, and sumitted the report to MoT in November 2006.
Subsequently MoT has desired to add few more sample projects in the study. Therefore, 8
additional projects are selected by MoT for evaluation and work was awarded to CES in the
month of August 2007.
2.0 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF WORK
The main objective of the study is to evaluate the scheme of financial assistance to States
for development of tourism in Circuits/Destinations, as also a sample of projects sanctioned
to the State Governments.
The Scope of the work of this study is as follows:
To evaluate the impact of scheme, particularly on
 Tourist arrivals

23
 Creation of infrastructure like accommodation units, travel agencies,
guides services, etc.
 Employment generation
 Income creation, socio-economic upliftment of local people
 Overall development of the area
To evaluate the system of maintenance of various facilities created at the circuit /
destination, and its sustainability
To get the perception, experience and expectations of tourists, both foreign and
domestic, about the circuit / destination, and the facilities
To make recommendations, in the context of the findings that flow from the
study for making modifications in the scheme of providing financial assistance.
3.0 TOURISM SCHEMES
3.1 Circuit Tourism Development Scheme
Under the scheme of integrated development of Tourist Circuits to improve existing products
and developing new products of international standards in identified circuit, funds to a
maximum of Rs. 8 crore per circuit are made available to the state governments for
implementation based on the project proposals. Basically, a circuit consists of a minimum of
three destinations. The objective of the scheme is to provide all infrastructure facilities
required by the tourists within the identified circuits.
3.2 Destination Tourism Development Scheme
Under Destination Development Scheme focus is to improve existing tourism products and
developing new ones to international standards in identified destinations. Funds to a
maximum of Rs 5 crore per destination are made available to state governments for
implementation based on the project proposals. Activities carried out are similar to those
included in the Development of Tourism Circuits scheme.
3.3 Modification in Scheme for Development of
Circuit/Destination
At present, the two schemes (for development of circuit and destination) are merged into
one, however, the allocated funds i.e. Rs. 8 crore for circuit and Rs. 5 crore for destination,

24
are remained same. With a view to meet the requisite level of investment in major
destination/circuit, the allocated funds have been increased to Rs. 25 crore/ Rs. 50 crore
respectively. The permissible components for the both are remained same.
4.0 EVALUATION OF IDENTIFIED SAMPLE TOURISM PROJECTS
4.1 Evaluation of Identified 41 Projects:
The Consultant has collected data related to all sample tourism projects in 11 states through
primary and secondary sources. As per pre-defined work schedule, the survey teams of the
consultant were deployed in all the states and they approached all concerned departments
of the state governments including state tourism departments to collect information related
to the sample tourism projects and their sites. During their site visits, survey team held
discussions with tourists, tour & travel operators and local persons of those areas that come
into influence of the sample project in that region of the state (for survey formats refer
annexure-III). The survey teams visiting the site of sample projects acquired a complete
understating of the site and tourism scenario, on going tourism activities and related
developments in and around the project site. This exercise helped in understanding about
the present status of the sample project in the identified destination / circuit in the states.
4.2 Evaluation of additional 8 sample Tourism Projects:
After reviewing the successful completion of study of 41 sample projects, the MoT has
desired to carry on same study for a few major projects under the circuits and destinations.
In consultation with the Planning Dept. of Tourism Dept., MoT has identified total 8 major
and latest projects (from 2002-03 onwards) for assessmemt of their over all impacts more
comprehensively.
After collection of the data including maps, site photographs, various statistics available like
flow of tourists etc. with respect to each sample project site, the consultant complied all
information as per each state sequentially. In view of the assessment of impacts of sample
tourism products / infrastructure in each destination / circuit of that region, a comprehensive
analysis has been carried out under the following important heads, subject to availability of
data:
Tourist Inflow: it represents the number of tourists visiting the site of the project
Employment Generation: creation of jobs directly and indirectly in influencing

25
area of a tourism project
Sustainability: generate revenue on its own to sustain its own operation and
maintenance
Other supporting infrastructure: development activities in vicinity of the project
site due to influence and other necessity of the project
The „Tourism Impact Assessment Matrix‟ for 41 sample projects and 8 additional projects are
given as below:

26

27

28
5.0 EVALUATION OF EXISTING TOURISM SCHEME
5.1 Tourism Scheme and its Applicability
In view of over all impact of sample projects on tourism of their respective region and level
of effective functioning of them, the existing tourism scheme is reviewed. It is observed that
the scheme for development of circuit/destination does not emphasis on the following
aspects:
1. Site selection of Tourist Products /Infrastructure
This scheme provides details of admissible components but does not highlights criteria for
selection of location of the project, identification of supplementary infrastructure of the
existing tourism product/infrastructure etc.
2. Size and Scale of Tourist Products /Infrastructure
There are no defined criteria for any identified tourism project / infrastructure to
determine/fix the size and scale of it accordingly.
3. Sustainability of the Projects
Self-sustainability of any tourism products / infrastructure is a very important aspect to keep
the tourism activity of the region alive. The scheme does not reflect any such guidelines to
adhere to selection of the tourism projects in order to keep them self-sustainable.
4. Maintenance
The scheme does not state any conditional provisions for maintenance/up-keeping of the
projects implemented under the same. Moreover, time limit to keep the tourism products /
infrastructure in functioning condition is also not suggested.
5. Marketing Strategy
None of the guidelines for marketing or advertisement of the tourism products /
infrastructure are mentioned under the scheme.
In view of the over all inferences of sample Tourism Products with respect to the scheme,
the Consultant has derived following issues w.r.t. for identification and implementation of
the projects. These issues need more attention/emphasis at level of policy formulation for
the scheme:
Need of market demand assessment to determine the preferences of stakeholders
including tourists‟ for types of tourism products, size and scale of projects and any
other value addition.
Assessment of availability of existing infrastructure at the site like water supply, power

29
accessibility and mode of transportation.
Need of formulating institutional governance policy for operation & maintenance and
accountability for the proposed project.
Need of financial viability of the project.
Need to formulate marketing strategy.
Need for up-gradation of skill of man-power involved in tourism industry.
6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TOURISM SCHEME
After reviewing the scheme, assessing the impacts of sample projects on tourism and
society and identifying the issues in previous sections; the Consultant has worked out the
following recommendations for the scheme to make it more effective and result oriented:
6.1 Recommendations:
The following parameters need more attention/ emphasis at level of formulation of Policy for
the scheme:
1. Identification and Selection of Circuit/Destination should be in conformity
with the existing “Perspective Tourism Master Plans” for the States
focusing on:
i) Tourist inflow and Market Demand Assessment
ii) Availability of infrastructure
2. Greater emphasis on Self-Sustainability of the project
3. Operation and Maintenance
4. Improved Marketing strategy
The above recommendations for the scheme are further detailed out in the following
section:
6.1.1 Selection of Circuit/Destination in conformity with
Perspective Tourism Plan of a State
Almost all the States of our country has its own Perspective Tourism Master Plans. These
Master Plans in-fact guide all the future tourism developments in States including its various
destinations/ circuits and also govern the selection of tourism products / infrastructure
accordingly. It basically guides the over all development in all selected destinations and
circuits in an integrated and holistic manner.

30
So far, it is observed that identification process of tourism projects / infrastructure in any
state, generally, does not abide by any policy as suggested in the exiting Perspective
Tourism Master Plan of the states. Therefore, the selection of destination and circuit for
tourism development in any state should follow the governing parameters of the State
Perspective Tourism Master Plan. However, at the time of finalization of the destination and
circuit, a study may be conducted to review the identified destination / circuit with respect
to all other development in that region of the state. A methodology may be worked out for
such assessment. Some of the other important parameters which need attentions are given
below:
i) Tourist Inflow and Market Demand Assessment: It is necessary to carry out a
detailed assessment study of the tourist inflow at the selected destinations/circuits. A
detailed market demand analysis involving all stake holders should be carried out to
decide the type of development needed like recreational, infrastructure, accommodation,
connectivity, etc. at a site in a destination/circuit.
ii) Availability of Infrastructure: In each destination/ circuit, a prior study of the
available basic infrastructure i.e. water supply, sewerage, solid waste management
system and power & telecommunication, accessibility and available mode of
transportation should be carried out in detail before finalizing any tourism products /
infrastructure at a site.
6.1.2 Greater Emphasis on Self Sustainability of the Project
A greater emphasis should be given to the „self-sustainability‟ of the project. For the projects
like landscaping, fencing, compound wall, improvement in solid waste management, public
conveniences, signage, reception centers & other activities which bring value edition to
tourism of the region but do not generate any revenue a socio-economic cost benefit
analysis can be carried out to highlight the outputs/outcomes of the investment. However,
for those project investments which will create some substantial revenue stream a financial
feasibility study may also be undertaken. This will help not only in assessing the financial
returns from the projects but also in deciding whether the project is able to sustain itself in
future or not.
6.1.3 Operations and Maintenance
Options should also be explored to involve Private Sectors in operation and maintenance of

31
the projects. This will not only ensure successful working of the projects but also the state
government will be relived from the burden of maintaining the projects. Public private
partnership should be an important aspect of the scheme and its role should be given
priority before finalization of the projects. The scheme should also make considerations of
the accountability of an agency responsible for operations and maintenance of the project.
6.1.4 Improved Marketing Strategy
Funds should be allotted separately for marketing and advertising of the tourism products. It
will not only boost the tourism of the region but also tourists will be informed about the
tourism activity as developed, even in the remote part of the state.

32
CHAPTER I – PROJECT BACKGROUND
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The Central Government has decided to stimulate investment and encourage the state
governments to develop unique tourism products. The Tenth Five-Year Plan recognizes the
vast employment generating potential of tourism and the role it can play in achieving the
socio-economic objectives of the plan. The travel and tourism sector creates more jobs per
million rupees of investment than any other sector of the economy. More importantly, the
employment is generated rapidly at a relatively low cost across a wide spectrum of skills.
In order to give greater impetus to the development and promotion of tourism in India,
Ministry of Tourism has evolved two schemes i.e. Integrated Development of Tourist Circuit
and Destination Development Scheme and issued guidelines for the development of tourism
covering important integrated circuits and destinations in all the states. The Ministry of
Tourism in pursuance of evaluating the impact of these two schemes in selected tourism
destinations / circuits of eleven states, has entrusted M/s Consulting Engineering Services (I)
Pvt. Ltd. to conduct this study. This study included 41 sample projects spread over 10
states. CES completed the study up to the stage of Drat Final Report in November 2006, and
sumitted the report to MoT in November 2006. The Part-I of the report provides detail
analysis and findings of 41 sample tourism projects.
Subsequently, MoT has desired to add few more sample projects in the study. Therefore, 8
additional projects are selected by MoT for evaluation and work was awarded to CES in the
month of August 2007. The Part-II of the report provides detail analysis and findings of 8
sample tourism projects.
On basis of the findings of all sample tourism projects, the recommendations for the tourism
scheme are given in Part-III of this report.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main objective of the study is to evaluate these two schemes of financial assistance to
States for development of tourism in Circuits and Destinations, as also a sample of projects
sanctioned to the State Governments. However, from 2007 onwards, there is only one
scheme for development of circuit/destination

33
1.3 SCOPE OF WORK
The Ministry of Tourism has identified around 41 tourism products / infrastructure in
seventeen states which have been implemented under these two schemes. These tourism
products / infrastructure are given below in Table No. 1.1
Table 1.1: List of Tourism Product / Infrastructure
STATE Sr.No Identified Projects
BIHAR
1 Tourist Complex at Vaishali
2 Illumination of Mahabodhi Temple at Bodh Gaya
3 Tourist Complex cum Information centre at Purnea
4 Development of Mayasarovar at Bodhgaya
ORISSA
5 Public Conveniences at Dhoulagiri
6 Tourist reception center at Ratnagiri
7 Construction of trekking Base Camp at Kuldiah, Balasore
8 Rural tourism Project at Raghurajpur
GOA
9
Public Conveniences at Mapusa, Margev, Vasco, Bidwlin, Ponda,
Anjum Beach
10 Upgradation and renovation of Tourist Hotel, Panaji
11 Wayside facilities at Peanum Taluka North Goa
12 Virtual walkthrough CD ROMS and GIS Based Kiosks
13 Purchase of Equipment for Water Sports
GUJRAT
14 Sound and Light show at Somnath Temple, Junagarh
15 Public toilets at Chotila
16 SEL at Sabarmati
17 Rural tourism at Hodka
HIMACHAL
PRADESH
18 Construction of Tourist Complex at Fagu,Shimla
19 Construction of Natural Health Clinic at Tattapani,Mandi
20 Tourist Complex at Kapla
21 River Rafting facility at Pirdi,Kullu
MADHYA
PRADESH
22 Tourist Complex at Panchmari
23 Sound and Light show at Khajuraho
24 Tourist Bungalow at Katni
ANDHRA
PRADESH
25 Yatri Niwas at Dwarka,Tirumala
26 Wayside facilities at Bora Cave,Vishakapatnam
27
Waiting Lounge cum Tourist Reception Centre,Landscaping,etc.,
Launch Station,N`Sagar
28 Development of Belum Caves, Kurnool
29 Development of Village Shrikalahasti,Chittoor
KARNATAKA
30
Construction of Log Huts at Bheemeswari Fishing Camp,
Mandya
31 Public Conveniences at Hampi
32 Jungle Lodges Tourist Resort, Hampi (Dubare Elephant Park)
33 Construction of Log Forest at Cauvery Fishing Camp
34 Rural Tourist Project at Anegundi
ARUNACHAL
PRADESH
35
Construction of CC Steps, Resting Huts, Toilet and Water at
Lagyala Camp
36 Construction of Boundary Fencing at Gange Lake Ita

34
STATE Sr.No Identified Projects
ASSAM 37 Yatri Niwas at Barpeta Pilgrim Centre
SIKKIM
38 Tourist Information Centre at Pamayamgtre
39 Development of Yumthang Hot Spring at North Sikkim
40 Refurbishment of old Rumtek Gumpa
41
Renovation and Upgradation of Sinochin Tourist Lodge at
Gangtok
The Scope of the work of this study is as follows:
To evaluate the impact of schemes, particularly on
 Tourist arrivals
 Creation of infrastructure like accommodation units, travel agencies, guide
services, etc.
 Employment generation.
 Income creation, socio-economic upliftment of local people.
 Overall development of the area.
To evaluate the system of maintenance of various facilities created at the circuit /
destination, and its sustainability.
To get the perception, experience and expectations of tourists, both foreign and
domestic, about the circuit / destination, and the facilities.
To make recommendations, in the context of the findings that flow from the
study for making modifications in these two schemes of providing financial
assistance viz. Integrated Development of Tourist Circuits, and Product /
Infrastructure and Development (including Rural Tourism), as also the selected
destinations / circuits, for making them more effective, to achieve the objectives.
1.4 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY
The Consultant has studied the Terms of Reference and reviewed the tourism scenario of
identified seventeen states and all 41 tourism product / infrastructure under this study.
Considering main objectives of evaluation of two schemes; the consultant has worked out a
methodological approach to accomplish the study under stipulated time frame. The
consultant has identified various activities and grouped them sequentially under various
tasks. These sequential tasks are as follows,

35
Task 100 Team Mobilization and Start-up Meeting
Discussions with MoT officers to finalize the scope of work and
methodology for the study.
Task 200 Reconnaissance Survey of Identified Projects in identified ten
States
Make visit to all the identified projects in the states for the purpose of
evaluation Study to observe the existing functioning system of the
projects.
Task 300 Collection of Secondary Data w.r.t. Identified Projects
Task 310 Tourist information – foreign / domestic tourist inflow in
the circuit etc.
Task 320 Details related to each property (identified project)
including
Date of Sanction, Commencement and Completion of the
Project.
Total Cost of the project, along with share of Central and State
Government.
Types of facilities proposed in the Project.
Revenue generation from the date of opening of the project to
the visitors
Present number of employees working in the project
Operation and maintenance records (Balance Sheet of the
property)
Task 400 Review and Study of Secondary Data w.r.t. System of
Maintenance of the various Facilities / Projects
Assess the Sustainability of the Facilities / projects as created under
the scheme of Circuit / Destination Development.
Task 500 Conduct Tourist Surveys
Opinion Survey of the Tourists – both domestic & international to get
perception, experience and types of expectation about the facilities,
destinations and circuits.
Task 600 Conduct Stakeholders’ Meeting

36
Organize Stakeholders‟ Meeting including Hoteliers, Tour and Travel
Agents, concerned agencies and related local people to get their
opinion about the ongoing facilities / projects in the following terms:
Over all development of local areas
Opportunities of employments
Socio - economic upliftment
Suggestions to make such schemes more beneficial and productive
towards utilization of local resources
Task 700 Make Recommendation in the Schemes
Make recommendation on the basis of the outputs of the above tasks
in the schemes of providing financial assistance under (i) Integrated
Development of Tourist Circuits and (ii) Product / Infrastructure and
Destination Development (including rural tourism) under the following,
but not limited, governing factors to make the schemes more
effective:
Make the facilities / projects self sustainable
Creation of employment
Integrated development of Infrastructure including tourist
infrastructure
Effective utilization of financial assistance under the schemes
Role of private sectors in development of infrastructure
Task 800 Preparation of Final Report
Submission of final study of evaluation of the schemes of financial
assistance to states for development of circuits / destinations as also a
sample of projects sanctioned to the state government.
1.5 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT
This report has been presented in three parts i.e. Part-I contains detailed study of 41
projects, Part-II contains detailed study of four circuit and four destinations (additional 8
projects) and Part-III contains the impact & Issues of tourism scheme and
recommendations.
Part I:
After presenting, in Chapter-I, a brief background of the study, the following Chapter-II
presents a review of tourism schemes to understand their framework and points out some

37
inherent issues. Chapter-III deals with the evaluation of each and every sample tourism
projects in the states and its impact on tourism at the very spot and in that region with
respect to impact on tourist inflow, employment generation, other ongoing development
activities in and around the site of the tourism product / infrastructure and finally the
inferences and conclusions.
Part II:
Chapter-IV evaluates further, the impacts of sample 8 new additional new projects on
tourism and deduces major issues which need attention.
Part III:
Chapter-V presents the Evaluation of existing tourism scheme and Chapter-VI deals with the
recommendations in context of „issues‟ identified in previous chapter and required remedial
measures to make the scheme more effective and result oriented.

38
CHAPTER II–REVIEW OF TOURISM SCHEMES
The Consultant has reviewed the schemes of development of tourism in circuit and
destination. This chapter highlights the main points of these schemes; however, detailed
schemes are annexed with this report. (Refer Annexure I & II)
2.1 SALIENT FEATURES OF SCHEMES OF DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM
IN CIRCUIT AND DESTINATION
Under the Central Financing Assistance Scheme, the Ministry of Tourism, Government of
India, has been extending assistance to all the states for development of tourism products
/infrastructure. In the 8th
and 9th
Five Year Plans, nearly 2,526 projects were sanctioned.
However, some projects are still incomplete. Therefore, for a coordinated approach to
implementation of these two schemes, and for a quick and substantial impact, during the
10th
Five Year Plan, new Schemes for Integrated Development of Tourist Circuits,
Destination Development Schemes and Rural tourism Schemes have been taken up.
The review and scope of applicability both of the schemes for development of tourism in
circuit and destinations are given below:
2.1.1 Scheme for Integrated Development of Tourist Circuits
2.1.1.1 Introduction:
Under the scheme of integrated development of Tourist Circuits to improve existing products
and developing new products of international standards in identified circuit, funds to a
maximum of Rs. 8 crore per circuit are made available to the state governments for
implementation based on the project proposals. Basically, a circuit consists of a minimum of
three destinations. The objective of the scheme is to provide all infrastructure facilities
required by the tourists within the identified circuits. Activities, that are advisable under the
scheme, are mentioned below:
Improvement of surroundings
Landscaping
Fencing
Development of parks
Illumination
Water management
Provision of budget accommodation
Wayside amenities
Signage
Reception centres
Refurbishment of monuments.

39
The scheme envisages convergence of resources and expertise through
coordinated action with other departments, the states and private sectors.
2.1.1.2 Objective:
The main objective of the scheme is to develop tourism product and provide
infrastructure facilities required by tourists within the identified circuits.
2.1.1.3 Circuit Identification:
A tourist „circuit‟ is a route with at least three major tourist attractions such that their
location is not in the same town/ village/city. Instead, they are located close to each
other and their entry and exit are well defined such that the tourist is encouraged to visit
all if one of them is visited. This will increase the number of visits to all the destinations
on the circuit. A circuit to be taken up will be identified by the Ministry of Tourism at the
beginning of each year, in consultation with the State Government. While selecting the
Circuit, the tourism potential of the places included would be borne in mind. It will be
ensured that a circuit is identified for each State/UT in the full Plan period. A circuit could
be limited to a State or it could be a regional circuit covering more than a State/UT.
2.1.1.4 Components of the Scheme:
The components of the projects under the schemes would be
i) Making the land available for development.
ii) Implementation of rehabilitation package, where shifting of dwelling or
commercial units are required. However, the Government of India would
provide assistance for construction of Tourist reception centres including
shopping complexes to house the displaced shops.
iii)Maintenance and management of the assets created.
iv)Any other item decided by the High Power Committee.
v) External infrastructure like water supply, Electricity and Roads.
2.1.1.5 Permissible activities
Work to be taken up as per the requirements for attaining the above components would be:
i) Improvement of the surroundings of the destination. This would include
activities like landscaping, development of parks, fencing, compound wall
etc.
ii) Illumination of the Tourist destination and area around, SEL Shows etc.
iii)Improvement in solid waste management and sewerage management.

40
iv)Construction of budget accommodation and wayside amenities.
v) Procurement of equipments directly related to tourism like water sports
and adventure sports equipments, eco-friendly modes of transport for
moving within the tourism zone etc.
vi)Construction of public buildings, which are required to be displaced
because of implementation of the master plan.
vii) Refurbishment of the monuments.
viii)Signages.
ix)Tourist arrival centres/reception centres/interpretation centres.
x) Other work/activities directly related to tourism.
2.1.2 Destination Development Scheme
2.1.2.1 Introduction
Under Destination Development Scheme focus is to improve existing tourism products
and developing new ones to international standards in identified destinations. Funds to a
maximum of Rs 5 crore per destination are made available to state governments for
implementation based on the project proposals. Activities carried out are similar to those
included in the Development of Tourism Circuits scheme. Some of the additional
potential areas that get priority under this scheme are mentioned below:
Rural tourism
Heritage tourism
Eco-tourism
Health tourism
Wildlife tourism.
2.1.2.2 Objective
This scheme aims at improving the quality of the environment of these destinations as
well as working towards increasing the tourist inflow to these attractions. The maximum
amount to be sanctioned for the above purpose for a particular destination would be Rs.
5 crores. The implementation would be the responsibility of the State Government, ASI,
State Archaeology Department, CPWD or any other company decided by the Ministry of
tourism.
2.1.2.3 Destination Identification
A destination is a place of tourist interest. To be eligible for development under the

41
Destination Development Scheme, it must be one of the most visited places in the state
or a heritage site. A group of attractions in the same village/ town / city would also
qualify.
Under the revised scheme, the Destinations are carefully selected based on the tourism
potential. Master planning of these destinations is undertaken so as to develop them in
an integrated holistic manner. Important tourist destinations in each State, in
consultation with the State/ Union Territory Governments, are taken up for development.
2.1.2.4 Components of the schemes
The components of the projects under the schemes would be
i) Making the land available for development.
ii) Implementation of rehabilitation package, where shifting of dwelling or
commercial units are required. However, the Government of India would
provide assistance for construction of Tourist reception centres including
shopping complexes to house the displaced shops.
iii) Maintenance and management of the assets created.
iv) Any other item decided by the High Power Committee.
v) External infrastructure, like water supply, Electricity and Roads.
2.1.2.5 Permissible Activities
Work to be taken up as per the requirements for attaining the above components would
be:
i) Improvement of the surroundings of the destination. This would include
activities like landscaping, development of parks, fencing, compound wall
etc.
ii) Illumination of Tourist destination and the area around, SEL Shows etc.
iii) Improvement in solid waste management and sewerage management.
iv) Construction of budget accommodation, wayside amenities.
v) Procurement of equipment directly related to tourism, like water sports,
adventure sports, eco-friendly modes of transport for moving within the
tourism zone.
vi) Construction of public buildings, which are required to be displaced
because of implementation of the master plan.
vii) Refurbishment of the monuments.
viii)Signage.
ix) Tourist arrival centres/reception centres/interpretation centres.
x) Other work/activities directly related to tourism.

42
2.1.3. Modification in Scheme for Development of Circuit/Destination
At present, the two schemes (for development of circuit and destination) are merged
into one, however, the allocated funds i.e. Rs. 8 crore for circuit and Rs. 5 crore for
destination, are remained same. With a view to meet the requisite level of investment in
major destination/circuit, the allocated funds have been increased to Rs. 25 crore/ Rs.
50 crore respectively. The permissible components for the both are remained same.

43
CHAPTER III – EVALUATION OF IDENTIFIED
SAMPLE TOURISM PROJECTS
The Consultant has collected data related to all sample tourism projects in 11 states through
primary and secondary sources. As per pre-defined work schedule, the survey teams of the
consultant were deployed in all the states and they approached all concerned departments
of the state governments including state tourism departments to collect information related
to the sample tourism projects and their sites. During their site visits, survey team held
discussion with tourists, tour & travel operators and local persons of those areas that come
into influence of the sample project in that region of the state (for survey formats refer
annexure-III). The survey teams visiting the site of sample projects acquired a complete
understating of the site and tourism scenario, on going tourism activities and related
developments in and around the project site. This exercise helped in understanding about
the present status of the sample project in the identified destination / circuit in the states.
After collection of the data including maps, site photographs, various statistics available like
flow of tourists etc. with respect to each sample project site, the consultant complied all
information as per each state sequentially. In view of the assessment of impacts of sample
tourism products / infrastructure in each destination / circuit of that region, a comprehensive
analysis has been carried out under the following important heads, subject to availability of
data:
Tourists Inflow
Employment generation
Social up-liftment in terms improvement in living style
Income generation and self sustainability
Types of development in and around the project site
All the above points have been discussed in detail state-wise in the following sections of this
chapter.

44
3.1 GUJARAT
3.1.1 Tourism Scenario
Gujarat is located at 230
N latitude and 720
E longitudes. The land is fertile, beautiful and
prosperous on the coastline from Kutch in the West to Daman in South, the hill line from
Aravali in the East to the Western hills with lush green forests, large and small rivers as well
the plains in the middle. The rivers and reservoirs, hills, farms and fields, villages and towns,
suburbs and cities, markets and industries, temples and complexes add to its physical
prosperity. Number of historic monuments, religious places, industrial complexes and
educational institutions glorify the cultural pride of Gujarat. It reminds us of great traditions
of Lord Krishna to Mahatma Gandhi.
With the largest coastline in the country, Gujarat has countless quiet, scenic, reclusive beach
pockets. For wildlife enthusiasts and naturalists, Gujarat offers a fascinating variety of
species in Sasan Gir sanctuary and other places. For the devote pilgrims, Gujarat is a source
of plentiful faith and devotion Palitana, Somnath, Dwarka and many other pilgrim spots
attract lacs of disciples every year. For a quiet holiday, Saputara offers a world-class option.
Monument of Ahmedabad is living example of one of the finest architectural works. Gujarat‟s
rich tradition of textile and handicraft, are unique styles developed as culmination of
hundred of years of experience.
3.1.1.1 The People
The Gujaratis, the people of Gujarat, trace their lineage from the people originally known as
Gurjars. They were highly influenced by the cultural waves from the mainland and accepted
the monarchies that ruled. Various Hindu traditions like Shavism and Vaishnavism, which
sprang upon the mainland, were imbibed by Gujarat, which in turn developed its own galaxy
of saints and devotees and its own art and culture.
3.1.1.2 Connectivity / Transportation
a) Road
Gujarat has a better road network than most of the other Indian states and they are in a
fairly good condition. The total road length in the state is 68,900 km out of which 1,572 km
is the share of National Highway, making the state of Gujarat easily accessible.

45
b) Rail
Gujarat has a good railway network that not only connects the state internally but connects
the state to other places in India also. For a royal experience through Gujarat the tourists
opt for the journey aboard the Royal Orient.
c) Air
Gujarat has 10 domestic airports apart from an international airport at Ahmedabad. Most of
the domestic airlines operate out of Ahmedabad connecting it to rest of the country.
3.1.1.3 Tourism in Gujarat
Tourism in Gujarat can be categorized into the following:
Table 3.1: Tourism in Gujarat
S.
No.
Type of
tourism
Places
1 Religious
tourism
Akshardham, Ambaji, Dakor, Dwarkadhish Temple, Girnar,
Palitana, Somnath Temple, Sun Temple
2 Coastal / Beach
tourism
Bhavnagar (Gopnath), Jamnagar (Rozi & Bedi Ports, Bet
Dwarka), Junagadh (Ahmedpur Mandvi, Chorwad, Diu), Kutch
(Mandvi), Surat (Hazira and Tithal)
3 Hill tourism Shayadri range has the following hill stations - Malegao, Jogbari,
Bhadrapada, Ambapad, Ahwa and Waghai.
4 Wild life tourism Gir National Park, Black buck National Park (Velavader), Vansda
National Park, Marine National Park, Nal Sarovar Birds Sanctuary,
Wild Ass Sanctuary, Jessore Sloth Bear Sanctuary, Barda Wild
Life Sanctuary, Hingolgadh Nature Education Sanctuary, Marine
Sanctuary, Narayan Sarovar Sancuary, Khijadia Bird Sanctuary,
Ratanmahal Sloth Bear Sanctuary, Kutch Desert Wild Life
Sanctuary, Gaga Wild Life Sanctuary, Rampara Wild Life.
5 Heritage
tourism
Ahmedabad (Adalaj Vav, Jumma Masjid, Rani Roopmati Mosque,
Siddi Syyed Mosque, The Pols, Sarkhej Roza, Bhadra Fort, Teen
Darwaja, Shah Alam Roja, Shahibag Palace, Sabarmati Ashram,
Lothal); Surat (Dandii, Bardoli, Old Fort, Patan, Rani ki Vav,
Sahastralinga Talav); Mehsana (Rani Udaymati Vav, Langhanaj
locality); Jamnagar ( Cremation Park, Darbar Gadh, Mandvi
Tower); Rajkot (Nehru Gate, Hanging Bridge, Rashtriya Shala,
Kaba Gandhi No Delo, M.K. Gandhi Vidyalaya, Gondal,
Wankaner, Centres of Harappan Civilization; Vadodara (Kirti
Mandir, Nazarbagh Palace, Hajira, Pratap Vilas Palace, Laxmi
Vilas Palace, Makarpura Palace); Bharuch (Roman Catholic
Masjid, Nagina Masjid, Citadel of Mahmud, Beghada)

46
Table 3.2: Tourist arrival in Gujarat
Tourist 2001 2002 2003 2004
Domestic 8272969 5735286 7640479 7748371
Foreign 30930 34187 37534 21179
Total 83,03,899 57,69,473 76,78,013 77,69,550
Source: India Tourism Statistics, 2003-04
3.1.2 Project under Tourist Schemes
The tourism products / infrastructure developed in the state of Gujarat under the scheme of
“Development of Circuit Tourism and Destination Tourism” are as follows:
1. Sound and Light Show at Somnath Temple, Junagadh
2. Public Toilets at Chotila
3. Sound and Light show at Sabarmati Ashram
4. Rural Tourism at Hodka
The details of the above sample projects are given in the following section;
3.1.2.1 Sound and Light Show at Somnath Temple, Junagadh
Map1: - Identified Tourist Spots in Gujarat

47
Light & Sound Show at Somnath
Temple
Somnath Temple is located 6 km east of Veraval. The Somnath Temple, a major Hindu
pilgrimage centre is said to have been built out
of gold by Soma, the Moon God (and
subsequently in silver, wood and stone). In
keeping with the legend the stone facade
appears golden at sunset. Destroyed by
successive Muslim invaders, it was rebuilt each
time on the same spot.
It was re-constructed in 1950. Shree Somnath
Trust looks after the development and
maintenance of the entire Somnath Complex. Trust also provides guesthouse and restaurant
facilities to the tourists.
It is a famous religious tourist destination and lakhs of people visit this place annually. To
enhance the tourist‟s experience a Sound & Light Show project was commissioned by ITDC
and TCGL in the year 1999-2000 and implemented in October 2003.
The details of cost of project are given below:
Central Financing Assistance – Rs. 93.77 lakh
State Financing Assistance – Rs. 36.23 lakh
Total - Rs. 130.0 lakh
Show started functioning in November 2003. As per the discussion held with officials of
Trust including the Secretary, two shows are arranged every day and approximately 200
SOMNATH TEMPLE
SOUND AND LIGHT SHOW AT SOMNATH TEMPLE

48
tourists visit each show. The show has been quite successful in attracting the tourists. The
officials of the Trust also informed that during rainy season, they are unable to run this
show due to lack of maintanence of equipments. Tourists have also shown desire for show
to be continue during rainy season also.
No. of tourist attending the show and income expenditure pattern of the „show‟ is given in
following figures:
Figure 3.1 : No. of tourists attending the Sound and Light show
No. of tourists
42
5859
29
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07
YEAR
Numberoftourists
inthousands
No. of tourists
Figure 3.2: Income /Expenditure pattern of the project
Income/expenditure pattern
5.02
2.95
5.9 5.8
4.2
2.9 3
0.16 0.88
2.79
2.9
1.2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07
Year
Amountinlakhs(inRs)
Income in
lakhs. (in Rs)
Expenditure in
lakhs (in Rs)
Profit in lakhs
(in Rs)
The figures for the year 2006 are estimated on the basis of data available, which is up-to-
date up to 6th
of June 2006. On the basis of expenditure in the year 2005, it is assumed that
the expenditure in the year 2006 will be of the order of Rs. 3.0 lakhs. The exact figures up

49
to 6th
June 2006 are given below.
No. of tourists = 21,206
Income =2.1 lakhs
Expenditure =1.7 lakhs
Table 3.3 Impact of the Project
Sr. No. Type of impact Description
1
Tourist inflow In the year 2006, up to 30th
June, 21,000 tourist have
already attended the show. Till the end of year 2006
this figure might rise up to 42,000-45,000 .
2
Employment generation Direct employment not significant in this case, only 4-5
people are employed. Before implementation of the
project two travel agencies and three restaurants were
there but now its number have increased to three to five
numbers respectively as per local travel agents.
This project has caused the supporting commercial
activities like guide, restaurant, hotel with accomodation
facilities etc. to be established in the vicinity.
3
System of Maintenance
and Sustainability
Net profit of around 5.87 lakhs since 2005-2006 and
expenditure is Rs 25000/- per month on items like daily
cleaning, electric and civil maintenance. The project is
sustainable.
4
Social upliftment This project has helped in increasing employment
opportunities, living standards of the locals.
Inferences:
3.1.2.2 Public Toilets at Chotila
The project started functioning from November 2003. This temple is a famous tourist
destination. As per the survey results the show is quite successful and is attended by
approximately 300-400 visitors every day during peak seasons. As per verbal information
recorded from locales there has been steady increase in no. of tourists visiting the temple and
the sound & light show is proved to be an added source of attraction for them. As this is an
evening show it also encourages the tourists to stay overnight in the town, that indirectly rises
the employment and income generation. In past 3-4 years employment opportunities for
guides, travel agents, shops, restaurants etc. have also increased around the temple.

50
APPROACH ROAD TO TOILET
Chotila is also a religious tourist destination in Gujarat. People from various parts of the
state and country come to visit the temple here. An average of 6000 pilgrims visits the
temple per day. There are two public toilets near the temple in Chotila. Their details are
given below respectively:
1. This first toilet is constructed by Tourism Corporation Gujarat Limited (TCGL), there are
8 ladies and 8 gent‟s toilets including bathing
facilities, but toilet does not have a proper approach
road. Piped Water supply is also not provided yet.
Sulabh Souchalaya-an NGO will maintain this toilet for
a period of 30 years. As per maintenance contract
water connection was to be provided by the Tourism
department but till now there is no such provision
available.
2. The other toilet block is also constructed by Tourism
Corporation Gujarat Limited (TCGL) but maintained
by a private party. The facilities include 6 ladies and
6 gent‟s toilet that include bathing facilities. The
general condition of toilets is good and project cost was Rs 15 lakh. As per the
discussion held with the engineer of Sulabh Souchalaya, there is no municipal water
supply connection and also no proper approach road. This renders it inconvenient for
public and hardly any person use it.
Toilet -1
Toilet- 2

51
1
Tourist inflow Being a public conveniance project its impact on
tourism inflow is not very significant.
2
Employment generation only 2-4 people got direct employment, indirect
employment is not significant.
3
System of Maintenance and
Sustainability
Sulabh Sochalya mantains it and around Rs 7000
per month spent on its cleanliness, civil and electric
maintenance. It does not generate any revenue.
4
Social upliftment These kind of facility projects are helpful in
reducing environmrntal degradation of such
crowded places and maintain the cleanliness and
hygiene.
Inferences:
The project is very small to have any significant impact on the tourist flow or employment
generation. The project also has some inherent problems like the location of the toilet blocks,
which are quite interior and difficult to locate, lack of proper signages, and no provision of piped
water supply. It is also hard to extract ground water as the toilet is located on hard rocky
surface and the ground water is available only below 500 ft. level.

52
3.1.2.3 Sound and Light show at Sabarmati Ashram
Gandhiji‟s first ashram in India was established
in Kochrab area of Ahmedabad in 1919. The
Ashram was than shifted in 1917 on the banks
of river Sabarmati. It was home to the “Father
of the Nation‟ till 1930. The Sabarmati Ashram
Preservation and Memorial Trust are responsible
for preserving and maintaining the ashram and
its activities.
To give people the understanding of The
Mahatma Gandhiji‟s life, a Sound & Light show
was started in April 1972. Two shows were held
daily on a nominal ticket fee. This show was operational till August 2005, after that it was
closed down as machinery and equipment became non operational. Since then, it has not
got started again. During its operational period a total of 3 persons were employed for the
show purpose. The outcomes of the information collected from India Tourism Corporation
Ltd. and discussions held with officials of the Trust are given below:
Sr. No. Type of Impact Description
1 Tourist inflow Product is abandoned now. But our survey
establishes its demand.
2 Employment generation during its operational period 3 people were
employed
3 System of Maintenance
and Sustainability
Maintenance cost was high ie. Rs 40000 to Rs 50000
per year. This project was unable to sustain itself and
failed.
4 Social upliftment Since project is abandoned, its impact on social
upliftment is not measureable.
Inferences:
The project was abandoned on August, 2005 and since then due to non-maintenance of
the equipments and machineries (light fittings and fixtures, audio system, chairs etc.) the
system is non functional. Sabarmati ashram portrays the life principals of Mahatma Gandhi,
and acts as a motivator to follow this great man‟s life principals especially among younger
generation. This project needs to be restarted again.
SABARMATI ASHARAM-HOME TO
FATHER OF THE NATION

53
BHUNGAS IN HODKA VILLAGE
INTERIOR OF BHUNGAS
3.1.2.4 Rural Tourism at Hodka
Hodka is located in the Banni grassland,
right on the edge of the great salt desert-
the Rann,Gujarat. This place is renowned for
its “designer‟ architecture, „Kutchi‟
embroidery and other Kutchi crafts- leather,
clay, wood, metal and mud work- especially
silver jewellery. Another undiscovered
cultural treasure for tourists to explore is
wonderful folk Music.
This Project seeks to promote local culture
and craft based tourism for sustainable
livelihoods and integrated rural development.
This unique Venture is promoted jointly by
the Ministry of Tourism, Government of
India, and UNDP through the District
Collector and facilitated by the Kutch Mahila
Vikas Sangathan (KMVS) in partnership with
other NGOs of Kutch.
On visiting this traditionally rich and
geologically unique place, the tourists are
hosted by the Hodka community- who own,
build and run the Shaam-e-Sarhad resort, in
collaboration with hospitality professionals.
The facilities available here
 Tents or traditional Bhungas for
accommodation, both with attached
bathrooms and running hot & cold
water. (Tents-6 nos., family tents-2
no., Bhungas-3 no.)
 Traditional food.
 Shops selling exclusive embroidery pieces, leather craft, traditional textiles, etc. on
site.
Visits around the Hodka village are organised regularly, accompanied by local bhomiyas
(interpreters/guides) who acquaint tourists with the people's way of living, crafts and
traditions. Apart from it other activities include the following;
THE RESTAURANT

54
1. A visit to several artisan communities
2. A camel safari or jeep safari through the edge of the Black Hill and the Great Rann of
Kachchh to see several wild animals
3. Bird watching and nature tour excursions to the wetlands of Chhari Dhand, Banni,
Great Rann of Kutch,
4. A visit to the Than Monastery, etc.
The resort employs people from the village only who are trained for their position and pay
salary. The profit is distributed among the community members. The members of the
community also benefit from visitors, by selling the crafts they produce directly to them.
Start Date of the Project = Year 2004
Completion and Functioning of the Project = Year 2005
COMMUNITY TRAINING BELL MAKING
TRADITIONAL FOOD THE ART OF EMBROIDERY

55
Sr.
No.
Type of impact Description
1
Tourist inflow Around 202 tourists have visited this place from Dec
2005 to May, 2006. The project‟s lean season is from
May 2006 to September 2006. It is expected that
tourist inflow will increase from this year.
2
Employment generation Direct employment of 10 people along with indirect
employment to numerous artisians and craftsmen of
the village. The local villagers informed that this
project has enable them to sell their hand-made
products directly to the tourists, which help them to
be financially self-reliant. Their total earning during
tourists season is adequate, as said by the villagers.
3
and Sustainability
Total income generated in resort was Rs. 1,14374 till
May, 2006, whereas total expenditure was Rs.
3,14,000.
The KMVS informed that during rainy season this
resort, which is made of mud and other local
materials, looses its aesthatic value and they have to
spent around Rs 60000-70000 annually for its
renewal. The local villagers get this contracts which is
indirectly a source of their income as well.
Presently KMVS is able to just sustain the project. But
considering the responses of domestic and foreign
tourists, this resort will be more profitable and focal
centre of income generation for the villagers.
4
Social upliftment The project started functioning only in Dec. 2005, it is
a very short time to assess the social upliftment
impact. Though it is observed that there is increase in
employment opportunities especially in local craft
manufacturing and in the per capita income of local
craftsman and bhomias.

56
Inferences:
Developed infrastructure is in good condition since the commencement of the project. The
tourists are quite happy and satisfied with the unique ambience and services provided
here. With the tourist arrival in resort, there is increase in employment opportunities
especially in local craft manufacturing and in the per capita income of local craftsman and
bhomias. However revenue generated from the project in last session of its operation is
less than total expenditure, it is be too early to judge its performance since it has started
functioning only in Dec. 2005.

57
3.2 HIMACHAL PRADESH
Himachal is situated in the heart of
western Himalayas. Jammu and
Kashmir in the North, Uttaranchal in
the Southeast borders the state.
Haryana in the South and Punjab in the
West. Himachal is located between
300
22' and 300
12' north latitude and
between 750
47' and 790
4' east
longitude. Shimla, a beautiful serene
city, is the state capital. Himachal
Pradesh became a full-fledged state of
the Republic of India on January 25,
1971.
3.2.1.1 The People
Most of the population of Himachal Pradesh is Hindu and Buddhist and people speak Hindi,
Punjabi, Urdu, English and the local Pahari dialects. The people lead a simple life and are
very religious. The major tribes include the Gadis, Gujaris, Kinnauris, Lahulis, and Pangwalis.
3.2.1.2 Transportation / Connectivity
a) Road
Despite problems in constructing new roads and maintaining them, most of the important
places in the state are connected with a good road network. Some of the roads are closed
during the winter and monsoon seasons due to the heavy snowfall and landslides that occur
regularly in this region.
b) Rail
Only few places in Himachal Pradesh are connected by trains, as the construction of new
lines are very difficult in the rugged, high altitude regions. The longest railway line is from
Pathankot in Punjab to Jogindernagar in Himachal Pradesh. Other railway tracks touch
Shimla, Solan, and Una.
c) Air
The state has three airports at Bhuntar, Gaggal, and Jubbarhatti, which connect the state to
Delhi and Chandigarh via regular flights by Indian Airlines. There is no international airport

58
in Himachal Pradesh.
3.2.1.3 Tourist arrival in Himachal Pradesh
Table 3.7: Tourist inflow in Himachal Pradesh
Tourists 2001 2002 2003 2004
Domestic 5211772 4958917 5543414 6345069
Foreign 135760 144383 167902 204344
Total 53,47,532 51,03,300 57,11,316 5549413
Source: India Tourism Statistics, 2003
The major Tourist spots in Himachal Pradesh can be categorized into the following:
Table 3.8: Tourism in Himachal Pradesh
S. No. Type of tourism Places
1 Hill tourism Barog, Chail, Chamba, Chamonda Devi, Dalhousie,
Hamirpur, Dharamsala, Joginder Nagar, Kangra,
Kinnaur, Khajjiar , Kasauli, Kufri , Kullu, Lahaul &
Spiti, Manali, McleodGanj, Mandi, Narkanda,
Palampur, Parwanoo, Renukaji, Shimla , Solan
2 Religious tourism Baijnath, Manikaran, Poanta Sahib, Hatkoti, Masrur,
Renuka, Dharamsala , Jawalamukhi, Nahan
3 Heritage tourism Lord Elgin's Memorial (Shimla), Maharaja's Palace
(Shimla), Padam Palace, Vice Regal Lodge, Rang
Mahal (Chamba), Tabo Monastery (Spiti)
4 Wild life tourism Great Himalayan National Park (Kullu), Pin Valley
Park (Lahaul Spiti), Kalatop Wildlife Sanctuary
(Khajjiar, Chamba), Bandli Sanctuary (Mandi),
Nature Parks (Shimla), Churdhar Sanctuary (Solan
Valley), Majathal Sanctuary, Pong Lake Sanctuary
(Dharamsala), Daranghati Sanctuary (Rampur
Bushahr), Kanwar Sanctuary, Parbati Valley (Kullu),
Simbalbara Sanctuary (Paonta Valley, Sirmour),
Renuka Sanctuary (Nahan), Chail Sanctuary (Solan
Valley)
5 Adventure tourism
(Trekking, Rafting, Skiing)
Shimla, Kangra, Leh Overland, Markha Valley Trek,
Manali - Rohtang Pass, Zanskar trek, Chadder Trek,
Sham Trek, Stok Trek, Pirdi
3.2.2 Project Under Tourist Schemes
The tourism products / infrastructure as identified and developed in the state of Himachal

59
Pradesh under the scheme of “Development of Circuit Tourism and Destination Tourism” are
mentioned below:
1. Construction of Tourist Complex at Fagu, Shimla
2. Construction of Natural Health Clinic at Tattapani, Mandi
3. Tourist Complex at Kalpa
4. River Rafting Facilities at Pirdi, Distt. Kullu
The details of the above sample projects are given in the following sections:
Map 2: Identified Tourist Spots in Himachal Pradesh

60
3.2.2.1 Construction of Tourist Complex at
Fagu, Shimla
Fagu is located 23 Km from Shimla and 377 Km from
Delhi at an altitude of 2850 m. The nearest airport.
Shimla is at a distance of 38 km, nearest Railway
Station is at 23 Km and the nearest main road is on
National Highway-22.
Fagu is a delight for nature lovers with panoramic view
of ranges and valleys. It serves as a good base for
exploring the nearby countryside, which is covered with
apple orchards and forests. About 10 km away is the
bustling market town of Theog, a longish village strung out on to the hillside like a necklace.
Nearby are the temples of the local god and goddess, Banthia devta, which shows some
brilliant exercises in woodcarving. Kufri, the famous snow point is only 6 km away. Katir, at
a distance of 13 km is a camping site.
Initially, HPTDC was running a small unit at Fagu, apart from restaurant facility, earlier
belonging to State PWD. Around 70 % tourists, who
visit Shimla, also go to Fagu and Kufri. In view of the
importance of Fagu as tourist destination and provided
the fact that there is no similar development in the
surrounding, HPTDC has expanded the existing hotel
with additional facilities.
The HPTDC has spent Rs.220.51 lakh on construction of
hotel. The break-up is given below:
Table 3.9: Expenditure Break-up for the Hotel
The following photographs depict other developments in
the surrounding:
S.
No.
Type of Work Amount (Rs)
in Lakhs.
1. Civil works 195.31
2. Electrical Installation Work 16.90
3. Miscellaneous Expenditure 8.30
Total 220.51
TOURIST COMPLEX
complexcomplex, Fagu
WELL-MAINTAINED
CONFERENCE HALL

61
Date of Commencement of the Project – 06th
April 1999
Date of Completion of the Project – 25th
December 2001
Date of functioning of the Project – 13th
December 2002
1 Tourist inflow This project has helped in overall improvement of
tourism scenerio of the region and flow of tourists.
2 Employment generation Direct employment to 28 people. It has also
brought new avenue of indirect employment like
transpotation services, guides etc.
and Sustainability
HPTDC maintains the project complex. It is a
sustainable projects.
4 Social upliftment / income
creation
This project has helped in creating employment
and income creation and also in improvement of
social life.
Galleu Resort, Fagu
Shops generating new income in the
Fun Park
New business ventures – sale of agro
product
New Hotel – Ras Resort, Fagu

62
The project is operating from December 2002. After the construction of the project the
tourists visiting this area have increased by three to four folds. During the year 2005, 70%
of the tourists visiting Shimla also visited Fagu. The project has boosted the growth of
hotels and other activities in its surrounding areas. At present there are six hotels with
approximately 120 rooms in them. The project has helped in generating huge number of
employment opportunities. Apart from direct employment within the tourist complex,
indirect employment in the form of informal sectors have greatly developed in the near by
areas. Infact, the project has helped in the overall socio economic upliftment of the
region.
Inferences:

63
3.2.2.2 Construction of Natural Health Clinic at Tattapani, Mandi
Tattapani is located on the bank of the river Sutlej, at
an altitude of 656 m. Tattapani is approachable from
Mandi via Karsog. It is also approachable via Shimla. It
is positioned in a scenic valley and surrounded by high
hills, famous for its hot sulphur springs - noted for
therapeutic powers. The HPTDC runs a lodge and there
are several rest houses at Tattapani.
The construction of baths, restaurants and natural health resort weree completed on
28.08.1999. The HPTDC has spent a total of Rs 49.63 lakh as per the details given below:
Table 3.11: Expenditure Break-up for the Construction Work
Unfortunately, the entire area was washed away in the month of August, 2000 following an
unprecedented flash flood due to cloudburst in Satluj River. The water of the river went up
above 40 m to 50 m from the normal level. The health clinic was also damaged in that flash
flood and closed down. Since then no repair/ maintenance work has been carried out and
the product is still non functional.
1 Tourist inflow
Since the project is compeletly destroyed and non
operational, its impact on tourism are not assessable.
2 Employment generation
3 Income generation
4 Social upliftment
S. No. Type of Work
Amount (Rs) in
lakhs
1. Civil work and sanitary / water supply 37.64
2. Electrical installation 3.06
3. Misc. expenditure 8.32
4. Architecture fees 0.59
Total 49.62
NATURAL HEALTH CLINIC
DAMAGED HOT WATER POOL WRECKED RESTAURANT BUILDING

64
It is very unfortunate that product got damaged within a year of its commencement. Since
then no repair work has been carried out by the concerned authority/agency and the
product is completely non functional, and therefore unable to create any impact on tourism
of the region.
Inferences:

65
KINNER KAILASH, TOURIST
COMPLEX AT KALPA
3.2.2.3 Tourist Complex at Kalpa
At a height of 2900 m from MSL and 265 km
ahead of Shimla, on the NH-22, in Kinnaur
District is the hideaway town of Kalpa. It is
located at the base of the imposing Kinner
Kailash snow-capped ranges of the Himalayas,
which rise upto 20,000 feet. It is reached
after crossing the quaint town of Recong Peo,
the district headquarters of Kinnaur, which
also has a hundred-year-old monastery.
Kalpa is a town with a history of ancient temples and
mythical fables. The milky white shelving peaks, the
fiery Sutlej hurtling through deep gorges and the
winding mountain road bordered by chilgoza forests are
amiable. At present, the tourist traffic in Kalpa is
increasing by 15 –20 % every year.
The department of tourism, Govt. of India had
sanctioned Rs. 70.00 lakh for construction of Tourist
complex „The Kinnar Kailash” at Kalpa. Against this
amount, HPTDC has spent a total of Rs. 189.50 lakh as per the details given below:
Table 3.13: Expenditure Break-up for the Tourist Complex
Date of commencement of the project – 10th
June 1999
Date of completion of the project – 31st
October 2003
The product started functioning on 31st
of October, 2003. It has a total of 14 double bed
Sr. No. Type of Work
Amount (Rs) in
lakhs.
1 Civil work 173.50
2 Electrical installation 11.00
3 Miscellaneous
Expenditure
5.00
Total 189.50
Kinnaur village

66
The project is functional since October, 2003. Due to this project the increase in tourist
inflow is almost 20%. Kalpa is a remote place so any kind of development will have a
considerable impact on the life there. The villagers have got employment in the complex as
well as the business in the surrounding areas has been established to cater the needs of
increasing tourism. The complex is built in a beautiful natural setting and it is very well
maintained.
rooms with restaurant facility.
1 Tourist inflow In the year 2005-2006 a total of 1105 tourist stayed
in tourist complex. In last 3 years annual growth rate
of tourist arrival is 15% to 20%.
2 Employment generation Direct employment to 16 people. It has also created
indirect employment in its vicinity to cator the needs
of tourists.
and Sustainability
HPTDC maintains the tourist complex and project is
self sustainable.
creation
Project has helped in enhancement of bussiness
opportunities and creation of employment in
surrounding area.
Inferences:

67
3.2.2.4 River Rafting Facilities at Pirdi, Distt.
Kullu
Kullu is located at an altitude of 1220 m. It was once
known as Kulanthpitha - the end of the habitable
world. Beyond rose the forbidding heights of the
greater Himalayas, and by the banks of the shining
river Beas, lay the fabled 'Silver Valley'.
The long centuries of seclusion have retained a
considerable measure of its traditional charm. White
water rafting in Kullu valley is done on river Beas from
Pirdi (4 km ahead of Kullu town) down to Jhiri.
The rivers Chandrabhaga (Chenab) in Lahaul, the
Satluj near Shimla, the Ravi near Chamba also offer
immense whitewater rafting possibilities in Himachal
Pradesh.
The Department of Tourism, Government of India, had
sanctioned Rs. 42.85 lakh for establishment of river
rafting facilities at Pirdi. Against this amount, the
HPTDC had spent Rs. 38.12 lakh.The break-up is given
below:
Date of commencement of the project – 15th
June 2003
Date of completion of the project – 29th
Jaunuary 2005
Date of functioning of the project – 10th
May 2005
Table 3.15: Expenditure Break-up for the River Rafting Facility
S. No. Type of Work Amount (Rs) in lakhs.
1 Civil works 25.59
2 Electrical Installation Work 1.62
3 Miscellaneous Expenditure 10.89
Total 38.11
RIVER RAFTING FACILITIES AND
TOURIST INFORMATION CENTRE
- PIRDI
RESTAURANT HALL, RAFTING
CENTRE, PIRDI
WHITE RIVER RAFTING

68
The product started functioning on 10th
May 2005.
Initially a total of 29 rafts were operational in 2005
but this no. has increased to 47 in the year 2006.
River rafting facilities are maintained by DMAS,
Manali. This institute also carries out training
programmes for rafting, mountaineering and other
adventure sports.
This product is generating employment at a steady
pace, which is expected to rise in coming years. Due
to commencement of this project a lot of indirect
employment in hotels, cafeterias informal sector
vendors, machinery shops, Dhabas and small eating
joints, taxi operators, travel agents and handicraft
shops have come up.
1 Tourist inflow Around 8600 tourists for rafting activiies in 2004-
2005 before implementation of the project and now
increased to 17000 tourists in 2004-2005.
2 Employment generation Direct employment to 47 raft operators and 147
supporting persons with average annual income of
Rs 124500. Apart from these, 56 guides also getting
employment. Employment is increasing steadly.
and Sustainability
DMIAS undertakes the maintainance work of the
rafting camp. Its annual maintainence expenditure is
Rs 36000/-. Project is sustainable.
creation
Project has helped in employment generation and
income creation in its vicinity.
HOTEL HOLIYDAY HOME
A DHABA NEAR RIVER RAFTING
CAMP –PIRDI

69
Inferences:
River rafting is very popular sport among the tourists. Though in Kullu this activity is going
on from a long time, but due to the lack of facilities like changing rooms, cafeterias etc.
the inflow of tourists was restricted. After the construction of these facilities the number of
tourists coming for river rafting has gone up. This has lead to increase in the number of
people providing rafting equipments and indirectly boosted up the growth of hotel industry
and business of travel operators in surrounding areas. Thus this small project has helped in
generating employment opportunity in the surrounding villages as well.
DEVELOPMENT OF COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES AROUND THE RIVER-RAFTING
CENTRE, PIRDI
MOTOR REPAIR SHOPS NEW CONSTRUCTION NEAR RAFTING CENTRE
WAY SIDE EATING JOINTS AND CAFETARIAS

70
3.3 KARNATAKA
Karnataka lies between 740
and 780
East longitudes and 110
and 180
North latitudes. It is
situated on the western edge of the Deccan plateau and is surrounded by Maharashtra and
Goa on the north, Andhra Pradesh on the east, and Tamil Nadu and Kerala on the south. On
the west, it opens out on the Arabian Sea. Karnataka is an enchanting land abounding in
scenic beauty, rich in flora and fauna. It has pomp and pageantry of glorious traditions and
marvels of modern engineering.
3.3.1.1 People
Jainism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, and Sikkhism are practiced by a large number of
people. Kannada is spoken by over 70 percent of the population, and is the official language
of the state. Other spoken languages include Tulu and Konkani along the coast, Kodava in
Coorg, Marathi in the north, Telugu in the east, and Tamil and Malayalam along the south.
In addition, some of the hill tribes speak a separate dialect called Kuruba. Hinduism is the
primary religion. The state is home to many wonderful temples, churches, mosques,
monastaries, and gurudwaras.
3.3.1.2 Transportation / Connectivity
a) Road
Karnataka has a good network of roads with six National Highways passing through the
State. State highways and Rural Roads Network make inter-city and town communication
accessible. It is worth mentioning here that the rural Road network has brought remotest
villages in touch with towns.
The length of National Highways and the State Highways is around 1968 Km and 17,997
kms Respectively. The village and municipal roads cover about 95,000 kms. The road length
per 100 km area is 65-70 kms in Karnataka.
b) Rail
The Railway network covers a total length of 3090 kms, major cities like Bangalore, Hubli-
Dharwad, Belgaum, Gulbarga, Hassan and Mangalore are well connected to other parts of
the country.
c) Air
Karnataka has five functional airports at Hubli, Mysore, Belgaum, Mangalore and Bangalore.
Bangalore has an international airport well connected with the rest of the world.

71
3.3.1.3 Tourism in Karnataka
Karnataka's manifold tourist attractions include the following:
Table 3.17: Tourism in Karnataka
S. No. Type of tourism Places
1 Heritage tourism Mysore, Sravanabelagola, Srirangapatna, Hampi,
Belur, Halebid, Bijapur, Aihole, Badami, Pattadakal
2 Coastal / Beach tourism Karwar, Ullal, Malpe and Maravanthe, the
Brindavan Gardens at Krishnarajasagara, Gol
Gumbaz
3 Hill tourism Nandhi Hills, Kemmannagundi, Mercara,
Biligirirangana Hills, Kudremukh
4 Wild life tourism Bandipur, Nagarhole, Dandeli, Ranganathittu Bird's
Sanctuary
5 Water Fall Jog Falls, Sathodi Falls, Lalguli Falls, Magod Falls,
Honnemaradu, Kalhatti Falls, Hebbe Falls, Abbey
Falls, Unchalli Falls, Iruppu Falls, Nisargadhama,
Shivasamudram
6 Religious tourism Sringeri, Dharmasthala, Udupi, Gokarna, Katil,
Kollur, Kukke Subramanya
Table 3.18 : Tourist arrival in Karnataka
Tourists 2001 2002 2003 2004
Domestic 14117464 8678670 11175292 27194178
Foreign 140703 59545 249908 530225
Total 1,42,58,167 87,38,215 1,14,25,200 46,24,403
Source: India Tourism Statistics, 2003-04
3.3.2 Projects Under Tourist Schemes
The tourism products and infrastructure as identified and developed in the state of
Karnataka under the scheme of “Development of Circuit Tourism and Destination Tourism”
are mentioned below:
1. Eco tourism and Nature camp at Bheemeswari Fishing Camp, Mandya
2. Public Conveniences at Hampi
3. Jungle Lodges Tourist Resort, Hampi (Dubare Elephant Park)
4. Construction of Log Hut at Cauvery Fishing Camp
5. Rural Tourism Project at Anegundi

72
The details of the above sample projects are given in following section:
MAP 3: IDENTIFIED TOURIST SPOTS IN KARNATAKA

73
LOGHUT ON STILTS
3.3.2.1 Eco tourism and Nature camp at Bheemeswari Fishing Camp, Mandya
Cauvery Fishing Camp, Bheemeshwari is located
100 Km from Bangalore, on Bangalore-Mysore
State Highway-17. Earlier Mandya was part
of Mysore District. Mandya district came into
existence on 1st July 1939. Tourist Places here
have their own cultural, religious & historical
background. Some places of attraction
are Sri Anantha Padmanabha Temple at
Halebudanoor, Indvalu Nisarga Udyanavana &
Sugar Factory in Mandya. This place is ideal for
adventure tourism. Both sides of the Cavery river
are covered with dense vegetation, growing on
steep hills and valleys giving a very picturesque
view. There is good opportunity to experience the
wilderness , white water rafting, trekking, rock climbing
and outdoor camping. This place is primarily
meant for anglers. The mighty fish „masheer‟
weighing upto 120 pounds can be found here.
This place is an ideal venue for holding
conferences and workshops. With proximity of
the „Silicon valley‟ of Bangalore, this can endow
with exceptional retreat and business
opportunities.
Prior to this project there existed only 6 tents
providing accomodation to 12 people. Under this
project 8 log huts were commisiioned that are
constructed now, increasing total accomodation
to 36 beds. The executory Agency M/S Jungle
Lodge and Resorts Ltd. Banglore (A Government
of Karnataka undertaking) completed and
commissioned this facility in June, 2001.
The details of cost of construction are given below:
RESTAURANT
EXISTING TENT HOUSE
FISHING IN CAUVERY RIVER

74
Central Financing Assistance - Rs. 39.49 lakh
State Financing Assistance - Rs. 6.58 lakh
Total - Rs. 46.07 lakh
Before this project in the year 1996-97 a total of
1600 Tourists visited the camp, whereas after the
project completion around 3000-4000 tourists are
visiting the camp annually. The average turnover of
the camp ranges between 50- 60 lakhs. All the
facilities created under this project are intact and
well maintained except the approach road, which is
quite in a poor condition. Apart from it neither taxi
service nor the regular bus service is available for
this place. People generally come here by their own vehicle.
Sr.
No.
Type of impact Description
1
Tourist inflow Tourists inflow is doubled after implementation of the
project in year 2001. Around 3500 to 4000 tourists
are visiting the camp annually
2
Employment generation Direct employment to 8-10 people. The local villagers
are also getting indirect employment.
3
and Sustainability
Government of Karnatka is responsible for
maintainace of the product. Average turnover of the
camp is 50-60 lakhs and project is self sustainable.
4
Social upliftment / income
creation
Project has boosted up economic activities in its
surrounding area, even in Banglore and helped in
overall social upliftment. Local people are getting job
opportunity in the camp and selling forest products
like Honey etc. directly to the tourists.
LEISURE ACTIVITIES AT CAMP

75
The project has been functioning since June, 2001. Although an increase in the number of
tourists has been observed during past five years, not much people are aware of this place
due to lack of promotion and its remote location. The level of maintenance is good and the
project has helped in economic development of the area by generating both direct and
indirect employment.
Inferences:

76
3.3.2.2 Public Conveniences at Hampi
Hampi, the seat of the famed Vijayanagara Empire was the
capital of the largest empire in post-mogul India, covering
several states. The empire reigned supreme under
Krishnadevaraya. The Mughal invaders reduced the city to
ruins amid scenes of savage massacre and horrors
beggaring description. Hampi is declared as World Heritage
site. Hospet provides getaway for Hampi. In last five years
Hampi has recorded a considerable increase in the tourist
inflow. In the year 2005 this figure has touched 8 lakh.
Figure 3.3: Tourist inflow in Hampi
Tourists in Hampi
7
8.4
6.5
4.6
6
0
2
4
6
8
10
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
YEAR
Touristsinlakhs
No. of
tourists
in lakhs
The locations of various existing public conveniences
are as follows;
1. Near Basavana temple
2. Near Vijaya Temple (presently not working)
3. Kodanda Rama temple
4. Bathing Ghat
5. Queens Place
NON-FUNCTIONAL DRINKING
WATER
PAY & USE TOILET

Turisum

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (6)

Similar to Turisum

Similar to Turisum (20)

Turisum