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  Grandma told me about “The Night Tulsa Died”.  She started by saying that most black people in the United States originally came from Africa.
[object Object],African people, including children were kidnapped from their homes.
Whole families were forced onto big ships as slaves
. And brought to the USA
[object Object],“ It’s a wonderful thing for a man to be able to say that he saved his own  fathers life.  Your grandfather was such a man.” cf
September 22 1862, declared freedom of all African Americans from slavery.  But in 1921 racial hatred and separation still existed and African Americans were not treated equally. ,[object Object]
[object Object],In those days    everything was either    black or white.
[object Object],This sinister chapter   in American History   has not been spoken of, in 90 years.   1921 - 2011
“ Black Wall Street”             37 block, black community   The Greenwood District    Tulsa, Oklahoma USA 1921
[object Object],A boomtown flush with oil money.
A prosperous community that had professional men and women of color, and well educated children.
[object Object],Blacks owned every business in their community, that the white community had.
[object Object],Tulsa had two movie theatres, a bank, a hospital, an ambulance service, and a funeral home. Tailor shops, Barbers, and dry goods stores. More than 600 businesses and professional offices.
[object Object]
A pool hall
[object Object]
z. ,[object Object]
Tulsa had Dunbar elementary and secondary schools. Two Newspapers; the Tulsa Star and Oklahoma Sun. Restaurants, cleaners, and more than 30 grocery stores. But racial segregation was pervasive.
[object Object],The wild west was globally conscious.  Solders were back from WWI.
. ,[object Object]
A dollar passed from one community member to another 47 times  before it left the Greenwood District, “The Black Wall Street”, so coined by Booker T. Washington.
[object Object],On the morning of May 31 1921, a shoeshine boy named, Dick Rowland, who was permitted to use the washroom on the third floor of the Drexel Bank Building, entered the elevator.
Roland accidently tripped on the uneven elevator threshold and fell into Sara Page, a  white girl, elevator operator.  Caught off guard, and stunned, she cried out.  The onlookers called the Tulsa police, and Roland was arrested, and accused of an alleged rape attempt .
[object Object]
[object Object]
25 leaders of the black community, armed themselves and went to the court house with the intention of protecting the young shoe shine boy from the white lynch mob that was growing. But were turned away by the sheriff. .
.
. ,[object Object]
And shocking  exhibitionism.
.
[object Object]
Happy Audiences.     Photography & Journalism    was often an   integral part    of the    proceedings.  ,[object Object]
The black community did not want to see   another lynching ,[object Object]
z ,[object Object]
. ,[object Object]
.
[object Object],. A white man confronted and tried to disarm a black solider.  “What do you think your going to do with that gun, boy?” “Protect my self if necessary!” He said.  “Like Hell you will Nigger!” Shots were fired. The first , second and third victims lay dead.
[object Object],.r negro was slain.
. ,[object Object]
[object Object]
children
Telephone and telegraph lines were cut   and the railroad was blocked.  no communication to the outside world was possible.
“ I couldn’t believe that ‘my country tis of the’ was shooting at me.” ,[object Object]
.
[object Object],White Tulsans' with bags over their heads,  went into black homes and  killed whole families.
. ,[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
6 planes were loaded  with incendiary devices  and dropped on the 37  square blocks of the  Greenwood District, “SETTING THE NIGHT ON FIRE”   ,[object Object]
z ,[object Object]
Marshall Law was enacted     The National Guard was called.  They brought…  machine guns.
[object Object],Some children, were literally ‘scared to death.’  A night when some say 3,000 Black Americans were massacred, by White Americans
[object Object],Black children were seeing the massacre from a different perspective.
[object Object],everything was burned to the ground
10,000  black Americans  were left homeless .   There were untold   numbers of dead,    wounded, and missing.
And after it was all over, black men were forced to clean up the ashes.
A tent city was set up on the fair grounds. A thousand lived in that condition for more than a year
Nothing would ever be the same.
“  I’m 107 , but I remember 90 years ago,  I remember that night. The Arkansas River was clogged with bodies,  a large pit was dug in the cemetery,  and a hay bailer was used to tie the bodies together.  One man heard the sheriff say “go out there and shoot you a ‘nigger’, and the law will be on your side” and that’s just what they did.”  Otis Clark
What happened to the shoeshine boy? He was never charged – and let go.
Your Grandfather saved his own  fathers life, by using the law. J.B. was accused of starting the riot, and your Grandfather was able to stop his extradition which would mean death.  In 1997 J.B. was posthumously exonerated from any wrong doing.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],The legal dream team was formed in 2005.
[object Object],The Tulsa Commission
[object Object],“ You can’t fix what you don’t know”  (baldwin)  Now that we know what happened in Tulsa, we must “right the wrong.”  This is a stain on U S history.  We need to acknowledge our history to begin to heal. We now know what happened. Now we can make this right. It  is no longer hidden from history. It’s 2011.  It’s been 90 years.  Reparations for the survivors and their decedents.
 
 

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Tulsa oklahoma 1921

  • 1.  
  • 2. Grandma told me about “The Night Tulsa Died”. She started by saying that most black people in the United States originally came from Africa.
  • 3.
  • 4. Whole families were forced onto big ships as slaves
  • 5. . And brought to the USA
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. “ Black Wall Street” 37 block, black community The Greenwood District Tulsa, Oklahoma USA 1921
  • 11.
  • 12. A prosperous community that had professional men and women of color, and well educated children.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. Tulsa had Dunbar elementary and secondary schools. Two Newspapers; the Tulsa Star and Oklahoma Sun. Restaurants, cleaners, and more than 30 grocery stores. But racial segregation was pervasive.
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  • 22. A dollar passed from one community member to another 47 times before it left the Greenwood District, “The Black Wall Street”, so coined by Booker T. Washington.
  • 23.
  • 24. Roland accidently tripped on the uneven elevator threshold and fell into Sara Page, a white girl, elevator operator. Caught off guard, and stunned, she cried out. The onlookers called the Tulsa police, and Roland was arrested, and accused of an alleged rape attempt .
  • 25.
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  • 27. 25 leaders of the black community, armed themselves and went to the court house with the intention of protecting the young shoe shine boy from the white lynch mob that was growing. But were turned away by the sheriff. .
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  • 30. And shocking exhibitionism.
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  • 41.
  • 43. Telephone and telegraph lines were cut and the railroad was blocked. no communication to the outside world was possible.
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  • 51.
  • 52. Marshall Law was enacted The National Guard was called. They brought… machine guns.
  • 53.
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  • 55.
  • 56. 10,000 black Americans were left homeless . There were untold numbers of dead, wounded, and missing.
  • 57. And after it was all over, black men were forced to clean up the ashes.
  • 58. A tent city was set up on the fair grounds. A thousand lived in that condition for more than a year
  • 59. Nothing would ever be the same.
  • 60. “ I’m 107 , but I remember 90 years ago, I remember that night. The Arkansas River was clogged with bodies, a large pit was dug in the cemetery, and a hay bailer was used to tie the bodies together. One man heard the sheriff say “go out there and shoot you a ‘nigger’, and the law will be on your side” and that’s just what they did.” Otis Clark
  • 61. What happened to the shoeshine boy? He was never charged – and let go.
  • 62. Your Grandfather saved his own fathers life, by using the law. J.B. was accused of starting the riot, and your Grandfather was able to stop his extradition which would mean death. In 1997 J.B. was posthumously exonerated from any wrong doing.
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  • 68.