There are several strategies that market challengers can use to attack market leaders: 1) Directly attack the market leader by having a better product or user experience to overtake them, as Facebook did with Orkut. 2) Attack similar but less active firms to increase market reach and reduce competition. 3) Use a flank attack to target a market segment not served by existing players, like Red Bull did with the energy drink market. 4) Employ guerilla marketing techniques to build public awareness creatively and strategically over time, as Marlboro did to become the top cigarette brand.