The document summarizes trends in designer drugs from 2010 to 2012. It discusses synthetic cannabinoids like JWH-018, AM-2201, and UR-144, as well as "bath salts" containing substances like MDPV, mephedrone, and methylone. It provides information on the prevalence, legal status, and metabolites of these drugs. It also describes efforts by the forensic community to develop standardized methods for evaluating new analogs.
The Expanding Reach of the Designer Drug Movement in 2011: Challenges for For...NMS Labs
This presentation considers the latest intelligence on what drugs are out in the U.S. grey market of products being sold as novelties, legal highs, “Bath Salts” and research chemicals, including an update on the latest trends in synthetic cannabinoid use and detection.
The proliferation of designer drugs in the last two years has made a remarkable change to the landscape of forensic toxicology and drug identification. The scope of compounds that require detection and measurement has grown from a few drugs that needed to be targeted in specific cases, to a wide range of esoteric compounds that arguably need to be included in general drug screens for forensic purposes. The growth continues as the industry that has built up around recreational drug manufacture adjusts in an attempt to stay one step ahead of the law.
The presentation reviews the general chemical drug classes encountered in forensic toxicology and chemistry casework, including mephedrone, methylone and MDPV, recently scheduled by the US DEA, and related the cathinones, 2C compounds, tryptamines, and pyrovalerones. This includes a survey of the latest published research, and a review of resources for analytical testing and standards.
Designer Drugs Testing Solutions for EmployersNMS Labs
Designer Drugs Testing Solutions for Employers
Presented February 1, 2012
by Dr. Barry K. Logan, PhD, DABFT
NMS Labs National Director of Forensic Services
Increasing Diversity of Chemicals in Synthetic Stimulant and Cathinone CasesNMS Labs
Hosted by NMS Labs, Tuesday, November 27, 2012
Presented by Dr. Barry K. Logan, PhD, DABFT, NMS Labs National Director of Forensic Services
Dr. Barry Logan, Director of Forensic and Toxicological Services at NMS Labs, presents some of the latest developments in the designer drug arena from the perspective of NMS Labs. What started with “Bath Salts” has evolved into a complex culture of experimentation with “Research Chemicals”. With the changes in the law that took place in the summer of 2012, and some high profile enforcement action, the flagrant public sale of the products has moved under the counter and into the back room. Suppliers are diversifying the range of chemicals that appear in these products however, and an alarming number of deaths and adverse events have been reported. Currently, MDPV, methylone, alpha-PVP, pentedrone, 25-I NBOMe, and the stimulant nutritional compound DMAA are among the most frequently encountered drugs in our toxicology populations. This webinar reviews a comprehensive LC-TOF application for screening for designer stimulants and cathinones, and emerging data on their prevalence and adverse effects.
This document is the 2020 Prohibited List published by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). It lists substances and methods that are prohibited in sport. The list is divided into categories including anabolic agents, peptide hormones, beta-2 agonists, hormone and metabolic modulators, and diuretics. It also prohibits blood doping and tampering with doping samples. The official text is maintained by WADA and published in English and French, with the English version taking precedence in any conflict. The list came into effect on January 1, 2020.
The document is the 2019 Prohibited List published by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). It lists substances and methods that are banned in sport. The list is divided into categories including anabolic agents, peptide hormones, beta-2 agonists, hormone and metabolic modulators, diuretics, and prohibited methods. It provides detailed information on specific banned substances within each category. The official text is maintained by WADA and published in both English and French, with the English version taking precedence in the event of any conflict between the two languages.
The document outlines the World Anti-Doping Agency's Prohibited List for 2018. It lists substances and methods that are banned in and out of competition, grouped into categories. The list bans anabolic agents, peptide hormones, beta-2 agonists, hormone and metabolic modulators, diuretics and masking agents, as well as prohibited methods like blood doping, chemical/physical manipulation, and gene doping. The official text is maintained by WADA and published in English and French, with the English version taking precedence in any conflict.
This document summarizes information about the thyroid medication Synthroid. It discusses that Synthroid contains synthetic levothyroxine, which replaces the hormone the thyroid cannot produce in patients with hypothyroidism. It reviews Synthroid's sales, which make it the top-selling thyroid medication. The document also outlines Synthroid's competitors and proposes potential improvements to the formulation to reduce side effects.
Este documento resume información sobre nuevas drogas psicoactivas de diseño (NPS). Define las NPS como sustancias no controladas que pueden representar un riesgo para la salud pública. Detalla diferentes tipos de NPS como cannabimiméticos sintéticos y catinonas sintéticas, y discute sus efectos tóxicos y vías de administración. También analiza incidentes específicos como el festival Time Warp de 2016 donde se detectaron éxtasis, PMMA y GHB.
The Expanding Reach of the Designer Drug Movement in 2011: Challenges for For...NMS Labs
This presentation considers the latest intelligence on what drugs are out in the U.S. grey market of products being sold as novelties, legal highs, “Bath Salts” and research chemicals, including an update on the latest trends in synthetic cannabinoid use and detection.
The proliferation of designer drugs in the last two years has made a remarkable change to the landscape of forensic toxicology and drug identification. The scope of compounds that require detection and measurement has grown from a few drugs that needed to be targeted in specific cases, to a wide range of esoteric compounds that arguably need to be included in general drug screens for forensic purposes. The growth continues as the industry that has built up around recreational drug manufacture adjusts in an attempt to stay one step ahead of the law.
The presentation reviews the general chemical drug classes encountered in forensic toxicology and chemistry casework, including mephedrone, methylone and MDPV, recently scheduled by the US DEA, and related the cathinones, 2C compounds, tryptamines, and pyrovalerones. This includes a survey of the latest published research, and a review of resources for analytical testing and standards.
Designer Drugs Testing Solutions for EmployersNMS Labs
Designer Drugs Testing Solutions for Employers
Presented February 1, 2012
by Dr. Barry K. Logan, PhD, DABFT
NMS Labs National Director of Forensic Services
Increasing Diversity of Chemicals in Synthetic Stimulant and Cathinone CasesNMS Labs
Hosted by NMS Labs, Tuesday, November 27, 2012
Presented by Dr. Barry K. Logan, PhD, DABFT, NMS Labs National Director of Forensic Services
Dr. Barry Logan, Director of Forensic and Toxicological Services at NMS Labs, presents some of the latest developments in the designer drug arena from the perspective of NMS Labs. What started with “Bath Salts” has evolved into a complex culture of experimentation with “Research Chemicals”. With the changes in the law that took place in the summer of 2012, and some high profile enforcement action, the flagrant public sale of the products has moved under the counter and into the back room. Suppliers are diversifying the range of chemicals that appear in these products however, and an alarming number of deaths and adverse events have been reported. Currently, MDPV, methylone, alpha-PVP, pentedrone, 25-I NBOMe, and the stimulant nutritional compound DMAA are among the most frequently encountered drugs in our toxicology populations. This webinar reviews a comprehensive LC-TOF application for screening for designer stimulants and cathinones, and emerging data on their prevalence and adverse effects.
This document is the 2020 Prohibited List published by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). It lists substances and methods that are prohibited in sport. The list is divided into categories including anabolic agents, peptide hormones, beta-2 agonists, hormone and metabolic modulators, and diuretics. It also prohibits blood doping and tampering with doping samples. The official text is maintained by WADA and published in English and French, with the English version taking precedence in any conflict. The list came into effect on January 1, 2020.
The document is the 2019 Prohibited List published by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). It lists substances and methods that are banned in sport. The list is divided into categories including anabolic agents, peptide hormones, beta-2 agonists, hormone and metabolic modulators, diuretics, and prohibited methods. It provides detailed information on specific banned substances within each category. The official text is maintained by WADA and published in both English and French, with the English version taking precedence in the event of any conflict between the two languages.
The document outlines the World Anti-Doping Agency's Prohibited List for 2018. It lists substances and methods that are banned in and out of competition, grouped into categories. The list bans anabolic agents, peptide hormones, beta-2 agonists, hormone and metabolic modulators, diuretics and masking agents, as well as prohibited methods like blood doping, chemical/physical manipulation, and gene doping. The official text is maintained by WADA and published in English and French, with the English version taking precedence in any conflict.
This document summarizes information about the thyroid medication Synthroid. It discusses that Synthroid contains synthetic levothyroxine, which replaces the hormone the thyroid cannot produce in patients with hypothyroidism. It reviews Synthroid's sales, which make it the top-selling thyroid medication. The document also outlines Synthroid's competitors and proposes potential improvements to the formulation to reduce side effects.
Este documento resume información sobre nuevas drogas psicoactivas de diseño (NPS). Define las NPS como sustancias no controladas que pueden representar un riesgo para la salud pública. Detalla diferentes tipos de NPS como cannabimiméticos sintéticos y catinonas sintéticas, y discute sus efectos tóxicos y vías de administración. También analiza incidentes específicos como el festival Time Warp de 2016 donde se detectaron éxtasis, PMMA y GHB.
The Challenges of Analytical Method Validation for Hallucinogens and Designer...NMS Labs
The Challenges of Analytical Method Validation for Hallucinogens and Designer Stimulants in Biological Samples Using LC-TOF
Hosted by Agilent Technologies on October 8, 2012
Presented by Barry K Logan, Ph.D., NMS Labs National Director, Forensic Services
Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Synthetic CannabinoidsNMS Labs
Presented on February 21, 2012 at the AAFS 64th Annual Scientific Meeting by Barry K. Logan, PhD, DABFT, NMS Labs National Director of Forensic Services and Wendy R. Adams, Ph.D., DABFT, Forensic Toxicologist
Oral Fluid as a Chemical Test for the DRE ProgramNMS Labs
History, the Future, and Practical Considerations.
Presented by Barry K Logan PhD, DABFT,
National Director of Forensic Services, NMS Labs, Willow Grove, PA at the 2011 IACP-DRE Conference in Montreal, Canada.
Developments in Toxicology Support for the DRE CommunityNMS Labs
NMS Labs and Draeger Safety Diagnostics announce a partnership formed to deliver the Total Oral Fluid Drug Testing Solution.
Presented by Barry K. Logan PhD, DABFT, National Director of Forensic Services, NMS Labs - July 2011..
K2 and the Synthetic Cannabinoids: Pharmacology, Effects and Chemical AnalysisNMS Labs
The document discusses K2 and synthetic cannabinoids like JWH-018 and JWH-073. It summarizes their origins, effects, and challenges in analyzing them. Studies found synthetic cannabinoids can cause effects like tachycardia, dry mouth, impaired coordination and concentration. They are difficult to detect but studies found metabolites in blood and urine for hours after use, requiring targeted analysis to identify them in overdose or DUI cases.
Salvia: Effects, Legal Status and AnalysisNMS Labs
Presented March 18, 2010 by Dr. Barry K. Logan, PhD, DABFT, NMS Labs National Director of Forensic Services
This presentation reviews the rising popularity and spread of Salvia divinorum, from its origins in religious ceremonies to its current status as a potent recreational hallucinogenic drug. The intense dissociative effects of the drug are described, the consequences of long term use, and its forensic significance considered. The presentation also assesses the efforts by various jurisdictions to schedule and outlaw the drug, and presents approaches to chemical and toxicological analysis of its active ingredients and metabolites, Salvinorins A and B.
New Highs: Salvia and K 2 - Solutions for the DRENMS Labs
Presented July 2010 at the IACP DRE Conference to Drug Recognition Experts across the nation by Dr. Barry K. Logan, PhD, DABFT, NMS Labs National Director of Forensic Services
The document discusses testing for bisphenol A (BPA) and other endocrine disruptor chemicals. It notes growing public health concerns about BPA from organizations like the National Toxicology Program and Endocrine Society. The document outlines that BPA is widely detected in the US population through foods and containers. It then provides details on NMS Labs' analytical methods for detecting BPA levels in urine, blood, serum and plasma samples to support medical research on BPA exposures and effects.
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort.
Congestive Heart failure is caused by low cardiac output and high sympathetic discharge. Diuretics reduce preload, ACE inhibitors lower afterload, beta blockers reduce sympathetic activity, and digitalis has inotropic effects. Newer medications target vasodilation and myosin activation to improve heart efficiency while lowering energy requirements. Combination therapy, following an assessment of cardiac function and volume status, is the most effective strategy to heart failure care.
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...Jim Jacob Roy
In this presentation , SBP ( spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ) , which is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis and ascites is described in detail.
The reference for this presentation is Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Textbook ( 11th edition ).
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7shruti jagirdar
Unit 4: MRA 103T Regulatory affairs
This guideline is directed principally toward new Molecular Entities that are
likely to have significant use in the elderly, either because the disease intended
to be treated is characteristically a disease of aging ( e.g., Alzheimer's disease) or
because the population to be treated is known to include substantial numbers of
geriatric patients (e.g., hypertension).
The Challenges of Analytical Method Validation for Hallucinogens and Designer...NMS Labs
The Challenges of Analytical Method Validation for Hallucinogens and Designer Stimulants in Biological Samples Using LC-TOF
Hosted by Agilent Technologies on October 8, 2012
Presented by Barry K Logan, Ph.D., NMS Labs National Director, Forensic Services
Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Synthetic CannabinoidsNMS Labs
Presented on February 21, 2012 at the AAFS 64th Annual Scientific Meeting by Barry K. Logan, PhD, DABFT, NMS Labs National Director of Forensic Services and Wendy R. Adams, Ph.D., DABFT, Forensic Toxicologist
Oral Fluid as a Chemical Test for the DRE ProgramNMS Labs
History, the Future, and Practical Considerations.
Presented by Barry K Logan PhD, DABFT,
National Director of Forensic Services, NMS Labs, Willow Grove, PA at the 2011 IACP-DRE Conference in Montreal, Canada.
Developments in Toxicology Support for the DRE CommunityNMS Labs
NMS Labs and Draeger Safety Diagnostics announce a partnership formed to deliver the Total Oral Fluid Drug Testing Solution.
Presented by Barry K. Logan PhD, DABFT, National Director of Forensic Services, NMS Labs - July 2011..
K2 and the Synthetic Cannabinoids: Pharmacology, Effects and Chemical AnalysisNMS Labs
The document discusses K2 and synthetic cannabinoids like JWH-018 and JWH-073. It summarizes their origins, effects, and challenges in analyzing them. Studies found synthetic cannabinoids can cause effects like tachycardia, dry mouth, impaired coordination and concentration. They are difficult to detect but studies found metabolites in blood and urine for hours after use, requiring targeted analysis to identify them in overdose or DUI cases.
Salvia: Effects, Legal Status and AnalysisNMS Labs
Presented March 18, 2010 by Dr. Barry K. Logan, PhD, DABFT, NMS Labs National Director of Forensic Services
This presentation reviews the rising popularity and spread of Salvia divinorum, from its origins in religious ceremonies to its current status as a potent recreational hallucinogenic drug. The intense dissociative effects of the drug are described, the consequences of long term use, and its forensic significance considered. The presentation also assesses the efforts by various jurisdictions to schedule and outlaw the drug, and presents approaches to chemical and toxicological analysis of its active ingredients and metabolites, Salvinorins A and B.
New Highs: Salvia and K 2 - Solutions for the DRENMS Labs
Presented July 2010 at the IACP DRE Conference to Drug Recognition Experts across the nation by Dr. Barry K. Logan, PhD, DABFT, NMS Labs National Director of Forensic Services
The document discusses testing for bisphenol A (BPA) and other endocrine disruptor chemicals. It notes growing public health concerns about BPA from organizations like the National Toxicology Program and Endocrine Society. The document outlines that BPA is widely detected in the US population through foods and containers. It then provides details on NMS Labs' analytical methods for detecting BPA levels in urine, blood, serum and plasma samples to support medical research on BPA exposures and effects.
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort.
Congestive Heart failure is caused by low cardiac output and high sympathetic discharge. Diuretics reduce preload, ACE inhibitors lower afterload, beta blockers reduce sympathetic activity, and digitalis has inotropic effects. Newer medications target vasodilation and myosin activation to improve heart efficiency while lowering energy requirements. Combination therapy, following an assessment of cardiac function and volume status, is the most effective strategy to heart failure care.
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...Jim Jacob Roy
In this presentation , SBP ( spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ) , which is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis and ascites is described in detail.
The reference for this presentation is Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Textbook ( 11th edition ).
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7shruti jagirdar
Unit 4: MRA 103T Regulatory affairs
This guideline is directed principally toward new Molecular Entities that are
likely to have significant use in the elderly, either because the disease intended
to be treated is characteristically a disease of aging ( e.g., Alzheimer's disease) or
because the population to be treated is known to include substantial numbers of
geriatric patients (e.g., hypertension).
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/RvdYsTzgQq8
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/ECILGWtgZko
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s PerspectiveGolden Helix
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
The Children are very vulnerable to get affected with respiratory disease.
In our country, the respiratory Disease conditions are consider as major cause for mortality and Morbidity in Child.
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14...Donc Test
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14...
Trends Report on Changes in the Designer Drug Market: Spring 2012
1. NMS Labs Trends Report :
Changes in the Designer
Drug Market Spring 2012
Barr y K Logan PhD, DABFT
National Director Forensic
Ser vices
Willow Grove PA
6. Synthetic Cannabinoids - MI
They broke into the garage as the family slept and stole a credit card that
belonged to Cipriano's father from a car, reports say.
Cipriano used the card to buy Spice -- synthetic marijuana -- and smoked it,
reports say. Later that night, desperate for more money, he told a friend he
needed to smoke even more Spice so he didn't have second thoughts about
killing his family, according to the records.
11. K2/Spice
What is K2/Spice?
•Synthetic chemicals that
look to the brain like
marijuana.
•Sprayed onto plant
material for smoking.
•Give marijuana-like high
•Sold online and in head-
shops
•Legal grey area
20. Chemicals - Summary
•JWH-018/073 arrived early and have come and gone.
•JWH-250 arrived a little later and as also cycled out.
•JWH-081 was part of a second wave that has
already completed its cycle.
•JWH-122 was part of the same wave but has
persisted in popularity and is part of the current scene.
•AM-2201 was part of the same second wave and has gained in
popularity, probably currently the most prevalent.
•JWH-022 and JWH-210 are showing signs of increasing popularity.
•Recently emergent drugs are the adamantoyl (AM-1248) and
tetramethylcyclopropyl (XLR-11 and UR-144) indoles which are
ahead of the latest attempts to schedule these drug classes.
33. Designer Drugs Trends
Is It Federally Scheduled?
Is It State Scheduled? Is It a Federal Analog?
Is It a State Analog? Federal Analog Test:
•Is it substantially
State Analog Test (varies): chemically similar?
•Is it substantially chemically •Does it have equivalent
similar? pharmacological activity?
•Does it have equivalent •Is it intended for human
pharmacological activity? consumption?
•Is it intended for human
consumption?
34. PA State Analog Law
Pennsylvania: 35 P.S. §780-102; “’Designer drug’ means a
substance other than a controlled substance that is intended
for human consumption and that either has a chemical
structure substantially similar to that of a controlled
substance in Schedules I, II or III of this act or that produces
an effect substantially similar to that of a controlled
substance in Schedules I, II or III.
Examples of chemical classes in which designer drugs are
found include, but are not limited to, the following:
Phenethylamines, N-substituted piperidines, morphinans,
ecgonines, quinazolinones, substituted indoles and
arylcycloalkylamines.
35. Congressional Action
H.R. 1254: Synthetic Drug Control Act of 2011
Amends the Controlled Substances Act to add as schedule I controlled
substances: (1) any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which
contains cannabimimetic agents (or the salts, isomers, or salts of isomers
thereof), including: any substance that is a cannabinoid receptor type 1
(CB1 receptor)
Specifically: CP-47,497, JWH-018, JWH-073, JWH-019, JWH-200,
JWH-250, JWH-081, JWH-122, JWH-398, AM-2201, AM-694, RCS-8,
RCS-4, JWH-203.
http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-112hr1254rfs/pdf/BILLS-112h
36. Congressional Action
H.R. 1254: Synthetic Drug Control Act of 2011
Amends the Controlled Substances Act to add as schedule I controlled
substances: (1) any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which
contains cannabimimetic agents (or the salts, isomers, or salts of isomers
thereof), including: any substance that is a cannabinoid receptor type 1
(CB1 receptor)
Specifically: CP-47,497, JWH-018, JWH-073, JWH-019, JWH-200,
JWH-250, JWH-081, JWH-122, JWH-398, AM-2201, AM-694, RCS-8,
RCS-4, JWH-203.
Mephedrone, MDPV, Methylone, naphyrone, flephedrone, methedrone,
Bk–PMMA, Ethcathinone , ethylone, butylone, metamfepramone, alpha-
PPP, MOPPP, MDPPP, alpha-PVP, MDAI, 3-fluoromethcathinone, MPBP,
2C–E, 2C–D, 2C–C, 2C–I, 2C–T–2, 2C–T–4, 2C–H, 2C–N, 2C–P
37. Congressional Action
H.R. 1254: Synthetic Drug Control Act of 2011
Includes:
Any substance that is a cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1 receptor)
agonist as demonstrated by binding studies and functional assays within
any of the following structural classes:
2-(3-hydroxycyclohexyl)phenol with substitution …
3-(1-naphthoyl)indole or 3-(1-naphthylmethane)indole by substitution …
3-(1-naphthoyl)pyrrole by substitution ...
1-(1-naphthylmethylene)indene …
3-phenylacetylindole or 3-benzoylindole by substitution …
40. Forensic Community
Advisory Committee for the Evaluation of
Controlled Substance Analogs
• Primary Objective: create a comprehensive, scientifically
sound method for evaluating non-controlled drugs for
analog status
• Seek community consensus and peer review of our
proposed method
• Advise and train laboratory, law enforcement, and legal
personnel in our scientific method
• End Goal: Create consensus thereby removing the
“expert” v. “expert” scenario from the courtroom when the
opinion held by each expert is solely his own
41. Members and Actions
• Currently consists of 20 chemists from federal, state, and
private labs, academia and law
• Met at MAAFS (May 14th & 15th) to organize and strategize
• Aggressive timeline to have a working document prepared
by AAFS in Feb 2013 (if not sooner)
• Workshop scheduled at ACS Meeting, Phila. August 23rd
• For More Information Contact:
Lindsay Reinhold, MFS, F-ABC
NMS Labs
215-366-1331
lindsay.reinhold@nmslabs.com
43. Synthetic Cannabinoids in Blood
• Kacinko SL, Xu A, Homan JW, McMullin MM,
Warrington DM, Logan BK.
• Development and Validation of a Liquid
Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Method for the Identification and Quantification of
JWH-018, JWH-073, JWH-019, and JWH-250 in
Human Whole Blood.
• J Anal Toxicol. 2011;35(7):386-93.
• Current Scope:
• AM-2201, AM-694, JWH-018, JWH-019, JWH-073,
JWH-081, JWH-122, JWH-200, JWH-210, JWH-250,
RCS-4, RCS-8
51. NMS Labs SynCann ™ I and II ELISA
NMS Labs Adopts
Synthetic Cannabinoids
ELISA
Two complementary ELISA’s
developed and validated.
For Forensic Use Only.
All ELISA screens confirmed by
LCMSMS
Relative to current confirmatory
scope:
>96% Sensitivity
100% Selectivity
52. NMS Labs SynCann ™ I and II ELISA
Over fifty known cross-reacting species
JWH 200
JWH 250
JWH 210
JWH 250 N-(4-Hydroxypentyl) met
JWH 210 N-(4-hydroxypentyl) met
JWH 250 N-(5-hydroxypentyl) met
JWH 210 N-(5-hydroxypentyl) met
JWH-018 6-hydroxyindole met
JWH 250 N-(4-Hydroxypentyl) met
JWH-018 7-hydroxyindole met
JWH 250 N-(5-hydroxypentyl) met
JWH-073 N-butanoic acid met
JWH 018 N-(5-chloropentyl) analog
RCS-8
JWH-018 4-hydroxyindole met
AM 2201
JWH-018 4-hydroxypentyl met
AM2201 N-(4-hydroxypentyl) met
JWH-018 5-hydroxyindole met
AM-2233
JWH-018 6-hydroxyindole met
AM-694
JWH-018 7-hydroxyindole m
JWH 022
JWH-018 N-(5-hydroxypentyl) met
JWH 081
JWH-018 N-pentanoic acid met
JWH 081 N-(4-hydroxypentyl) met
JWH 019
JWH 081 N-(5-hydroxypentyl) met
JWH-019 N-(5-hydroxyhexyl) met
JWH 098
JWH 073
JWH 122
JWH-073 4-hydroxyindole met
JWH 122 N-(5-hydroxypentyl) met
…OTHERS
Much greater diversity of compounds, but 8 account for 60% of all. Mepedrone (meoew Mieouw) the sentinel compound is only 1.5%. Mitragynine is the active component in Kratom. Also mixed with o-desmethyl tramadol.
Much greater diversity of compounds, but 8 account for 60% of all. Mepedrone (meoew Mieouw) the sentinel compound is only 1.5%.
the chemical structure of which is substantially similar to the chemical structure of a controlled substance in schedule I or II; (ii) which has a stimulant , depressant , or hallucinogenic effect on the central nervous system that is substantially similar to or greater than the stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic effect on the central nervous system of a controlled substance in schedule I or II (iii) with respect to a particular person, which such person represents or intends to have a stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic effect on the central nervous system that is substantially similar to or greater than the stimulant, depressant, or hallucinogenic effect on the central nervous system of a controlled substance in schedule I or II.
NMS Labs, United States Postal Inspection Service, Pennsylvania State Police, Marshall University, Retired DEA, NIST, Villanova University AIT Laboratories, Montgomery County (PA) District Attorney, FDA, Auburn University, Louisiana State Police, Pennsylvania State Police Washington State Patrol, Harris County (TX) Institute of Forensic Sciences
UR-144 XLR-11 JWH-022 JWH-203 AM-2233 AM-1248
The cutoff calibrator for this kit is JWH 250 N-(4-hydroxypentyl) metabolite at 5 ng/mL in phosphate buffered saline.