Presented at the "Technology for supporting sustainable fisheries 2" session, MTS/IEEE OCEANS'17 conference, Anchorage, Alaska, USA.

1. Grenoble | images | parole | signal | automa2que | laboratoire
UMR 5216
Gabriel VASILE (GIPSA-lab)
Guy d’URSO, Eric de OLIVEIRA (EDF R&D)
Elena LUNGU (SIGINTEC)
TRANSMISSION WAVEFORM ANALYSIS FOR ACTIVE
ULTRASOUND FISH MONITORING SYSTEMS

2. SCAN-US R&T project (2017 - 2018)
Patents pending: 1752501 and 1752502
Environmental Monitoring
fish, jellyfish, vegetal debris
Wall imaging (NDT)
inlet tunnel,
headrace
Deported
Compact

3. Environmental Monitoring
European Water Frame Directive
q Problem
ü Monitoring & counting of fish / jellyfish at high passage rates for biomass estimates
ü Preventing clogging at NPP water intakes
Monitor Avoid

4. The Poutes Wild Salmon Monitoring System
Ultrasound active monitoring system: in situ
Arbitrary Signal Generator
& Power Amplifier
Multichannel ADC
Low Noise
Signal Amplifier
Barrage de Poutes, 02 – 05 / 2015

5. Wild Salmon Detec2on Algorithm
Smolt Detection Algorithm à Match Filter
Match filter

6. Transmission Waveform Tradeoff
• A larger burst duraMon at the transmission will induce a beQer Signal-to-
Noise RaMo (SNR) at the recepMon. By applying appropriate match filtering,
the SNR scales with the excitaMon burst power Mmes the burst duraMon.
ü increasing the burst duraMon is desirable in terms of SNR.
• Longer burst duraMons may produce mulM-path propagaMon in confined
environments, such as fish passes. Hence, large duraMon will impose smaller
PRF in order to have a sufficiently large waiMng Mme for the mulM-path
reflexions to go below the desired SNR.
ü Decreasing the burst duraMon is desirable in terms of mulM-path superposiMon.
• With rapid moving targets, such as the smolts in a fish pass ( 10 m/s), the PRF
should be increased in order to be able to observe the fish as many Mmes as
possible (increase the frame rate).
ü Decreasing the burst duraMon is desirable in terms of frame rate.
Practical considerations

7. Selected Transmission Waveforms
1. Sine-wave.
2. Linear chirp.
3. Frequency Shia Keying - FSK.
4. FSK with Barker code
Phase-Shia Keying - PSK.
Barker: highest ratio of aligned to misaligned (sidelobe) correlation

8. Transmission Waveforms
Sine-wave & Linear Chirp

9. Transmission Waveforms
FSK & Barker PSK-FSK

10. Qualita2ve Performance Assessment
Experimental results: histograms of the peak value time series

11. Quan2ta2ve Performance Assessment
Experimental results: improve SNR and resolution

12. Conclusions
1. quanMficaMon of the impact of the Mme varying
shallow water environment, as the one from a fish
pass, on the variance in arrival energy and the
distribuMon of the matched filtered recepMon
2. system calibraMon is necessary when using ultrasonic
acMve sonar techniques to characterize pressure
fluctuaMons in water
3. Future studies include idenMfying reliable ultrasound
transducers to support Barker PSK-FSK with higher
transmiQed power