Transcultural Nursing is a nursing specialty focused on understanding and providing culturally congruent care to diverse populations. It involves comparing cultures to understand universal similarities as well as culture-specific differences in areas like health beliefs, caring practices, and responses to illness. A key founder, Madeleine Leininger, developed theories recognizing how culture influences health and developed models for providing culturally appropriate care. This includes assessing six cultural dimensions - communication, space, social organization, time, environmental control, and biological variations - that affect healthcare interactions across groups.
Trans Cultural Nursing Concepts and Assessment by Azhar.pptxAzhar Munawar
Describe concept of trans-cultural nursing.
Explain key concepts related to trans-cultural nursing.
Identify the components of cultural assessment
Integrate concepts of trans-cultural nursing care throughout the life span.
Identify nursing frameworks and theories applicable to trans-cultural nursing.
Examine culturally related issues across the life span.
Explore the role of family and cultural practices related to the developmental stages.
The demographic profile of the countries suggests that countries are rapidly becoming heterogeneous, multicultural societies. So it is imperative that nurses develop an understanding about culture and its relevance to competent care. Transcultural nursing represents and reflects the need for respect and acknowledgement of the wholeness of all human beings.
It is essential to remember that regardless of race ethnicity or cultural heritage, every human being is culturally unique. Professional nursing care is culturally sensitive, culturally appropriate and culturally competent
Trans Cultural Nursing Concepts and Assessment by Azhar.pptxAzhar Munawar
Describe concept of trans-cultural nursing.
Explain key concepts related to trans-cultural nursing.
Identify the components of cultural assessment
Integrate concepts of trans-cultural nursing care throughout the life span.
Identify nursing frameworks and theories applicable to trans-cultural nursing.
Examine culturally related issues across the life span.
Explore the role of family and cultural practices related to the developmental stages.
The demographic profile of the countries suggests that countries are rapidly becoming heterogeneous, multicultural societies. So it is imperative that nurses develop an understanding about culture and its relevance to competent care. Transcultural nursing represents and reflects the need for respect and acknowledgement of the wholeness of all human beings.
It is essential to remember that regardless of race ethnicity or cultural heritage, every human being is culturally unique. Professional nursing care is culturally sensitive, culturally appropriate and culturally competent
Running head THE TRANSCULTURAL NURSING CARE THEORY 1THE TRANSC.docxjenkinsmandie
Running head: THE TRANSCULTURAL NURSING CARE THEORY 1
THE TRANSCULTURAL NURSING CARE THEORY 8
The Transcultural Nursing Care Theory of Madeline Leininger
Student’s name
Instructor
Course
Date
Transcultural Nursing Theory Articule #1
Leininger, M. (1994). Quality of life from a transcultural nursing perspective. Nursing Science Quarterly, 7(1), 22-28.
Leininger explains her belief in this article that the quality of life is derived from her theory of culture care diversity and universality. She tries to demonstrate how medical attendants should adopt a transcultural nursing perception in improving the quality of life as compared to how it has been perceived in most of the traditional and patterned descriptions. She talks about the five cultures that she says when appropriately incorporated in nursing care, a more advanced discipline and profession of culturally constituted care patterns will be attained. These cultures include: Mexican Americans, Philippine Americans, Anglo-Americans, Gadsup of New Guinea and Native North Americans. The article delved more on universality rather than diversity (p 26).
It is complex when one tries to understand the quality of life, and thus, different approaches of culturally patterned care are used to describe the conditions and expressions of humans. The symbolic, expression and meaning referents in most cases are influenced by diversity in humans. According to Leininger, the quality of life should be understood from an inside culturally patterned establishment in order for the results to be accurate and reliable (p 28). The underlying challenge existing in nursing practice is to help health care providers distinguish and identify the inside and outside patterned expressions and meanings linked with the quality of life to help nurses make sound treatment decisions, behaviors and counseling.
In summary, the article revealed that the quality of life is in a large part described by culturally patterned and articulated through our way of living as well as the prevailing cultural ideas. Leininger concludes by stating that, what determines the quality of life is not universal. However, further research is needed to validate and understand more the meaning of quality of life.
Transcultural Nursing Theory Articule #2
Nashwan, A., & Mansour, D. (2015). Caring for a Bedouin female patient with breast cancer: An application of Leininger’s theory of culture care diversity and universality. Global Journal of Medicine and Public Health, 2(3), 1-6.
In this article, the transcultural cultural theory as developed by Madeleine Leininger shows how patient care should be administered based on one’s practices, values, and cultural beliefs. Madeleine Leininger presents her arguments in this article using a clinical encounter that relates to her transcultural nursing care theory of a Bedouin woman client who is being assessed, diagnosed and treated for malignant growth (p 4).
Upon the arrival of the client.
Defining a Culturally Competent Organization Culturally competent .docxvickeryr87
Defining a Culturally Competent Organization Culturally competent health care, broadly defined as services that are respectful of and responsive to the cultural and linguistic needs of patients, is increasingly viewed as essential in reducing racial and ethnic disparities, improving health care quality, and controlling costs. The U.S. government considers cultural competence as a method of increasing access to quality care for all patients. The aim should be to develop systems more responsive to diverse populations. Managed care organizations view cultural competence as driving both quality and business. By embedding cultural competence strategies into quality improvement initiatives to make care more efficient and effective, clinical outcomes are improved while costs are controlled. Those in academic settings agree that cultural competency education is crucial for preparing future health care workers, although appropriate education on the topic is provided in only half of the medical schools in the United States (Betancourt, Green, Carrillo, & Park, 2005). According to the Office of Minority Health, cultural competence refers to the ability of health care providers and organizations to understand and respond effectively to the cultural and linguistic needs of patients (Office of Minority Health, 2001). Cultural competence encompasses a wide range of activities and considerations. It includes providing respectful care that is consistent with cultural health beliefs of the clients and family members. Competent interpreter services and programs to promote staff diversity are other ways in which health care organizations can increase cultural competence (Clancy & Stryer, 2001). Because communication is a cornerstone of patient safety and quality care, every patient has the right to receive information in a manner he or she understands. Effective communication allows patients to participate more fully in their care. Communicating effectively with patients is also critical to the informed consent process and helps practitioners and hospitals give the best possible care. For communication to be effective, the information provided must be complete, accurate, timely, unambiguous, and understood by the patient. Many patients of varying circumstances require alternative communication methods: patients who speak and/or read languages other than English; patients who have limited literacy in any language; patients who have visual or hearing impairments; patients on ventilators; patients with cognitive impairments; and children. The hospital has many options available to assist in communication with these individuals, such as interpreters, translated written materials, pen and paper, communication boards, and speech therapy. It is up to the hospital to determine which method is the best for each patient. Various laws, regulations, and guidelines are relevant to the use of interpreters. These include Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, 1964; Executive Order .
Running Head TEACHING PLAN2TEACHING PLAN2.docxjeanettehully
Running Head: TEACHING PLAN 2
TEACHING PLAN 2
High-Level Teaching Plan for A Diverse Learning Environment
Student’s Name
Course Code
Institution Affiliation
Date
A Patient Educator in A Hospital
Introduction
Nursing is not all about giving medications or treating patients. It is the responsibility of the nurses to educate patients on how to prevent illnesses and how to manage certain medical conditions. Nurses can do these by interacting and communicating with patients. By doing this, they will help patients understand how to take control of their health care. When patients take part in their health care, they are likely to change their behaviors and do things that are likely to improve their general health.
My role and the environment I will utilize for teaching
According to Burke and Mancuso (2012), learning is very important in any nursing environment. Effective education of patients happens from the time they are admitted at the hospital and goes on until the patients are discharged from the hospital. For out-patients, I will educate them during their waiting time. As a nurse I will take every opportunity I will come across during the patients’ visit to the hospital and throughout their admission in the hospital to educate them about their health care. I will provide patients with instructions to follow on self-care and how to maintain certain problems. Some of the self-care instructions include;
· How to follow the steps of self-care
· How to know early signs of certain illnesses
· How to go about emergency problems
· Who to contact in case of problems
The intended audience
I will educate people of all populations in my education program regardless of their age, culture, illness, ethnicity, and gender. General education will be provided to all patients on how to take care of themselves when they leave the hospital. This important because sometimes patients go home, neglect themselves, resume their unhealthy practices, and forget to manage their medical conditions. For patients suffering from diabetes, I will educate and provide them with instructions on how to inject themselves with insulin. For new mothers, they will learn how to take care of their new born babies and how to bath the infants. I will provide instructions on how to change a colostomy pouching system for the concerned patients.
The Social Cognitive Learning Theory
Key points of the theory
This theory concentrates on the impacts of social factors on a person’s thinking, perception and motivation. According to the social cognition theory, a patient must have different perspectives, approaches, and reactions to situations in the health care environment. The players in the health care setting would be expected to have different perceptions, interpretations, and responses to a situation that are strongly colored by their social and cultural experiences (Braungart, Braungart, & Gramet, 2008).
Why this theory fits the topic, audience, and the context
The ...
Read Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy, pages.docxdanas19
Read:
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy
, pages 43-45; and
Addressing Diverse Populations in Intensive Outpatient Treatment
I have attached additional reading material, I need this by Thursday,
Serving Special Populations
After completing the reading for this unit, what do you think is the greatest obstacle facing special populations in addiction treatment? What will you do as a counselor to ensure that all of your clients receive the best treatment possible?
Your paper is to be in APA format, 1-2 pages, and include sources. Please see
paper guidelines
for explanation of requirements.
Addressing Diverse Populations in Intensive Outpatient Treatment
1. Introduction
1. Introduction
Culture is important in substance abuse treatment because clients' experiences of culture precede and influence their clinical experience. Treatment setting, coping styles, social supports, stigma attached to substance use disorders, even whether an individual seeks help--all are influenced by a client's culture. Culture needs to be understood as a broad concept that refers to a shared set of beliefs, norms, and values among any group of people, whether based on ethnicity or on a shared affiliation and identity.
Retrieved from,
Substance Abuse: Clinical Issues in Intensive Outpatient Treatment
, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (2006).
2. What It Means To Be a Culturally Competent Clinician
It is agreed widely in the health care field that an individual's culture is a critical factor to be considered in treatment. The Surgeon General's report, Mental Health: Culture, Race, and Ethnicity, states, "Substantive data from consumer and family self-reports, ethnic match, and ethnic-specific services outcome studies suggest that tailoring services to the specific needs of these [ethnic] groups will improve utilization and outcomes” (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2001, p. 36). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) (American Psychiatric Association 1994) calls on clinicians to understand how their relationship with the client is affected by cultural differences and sets up a framework for reviewing the effects of culture on each client.
Because verbal communication and the therapeutic alliance are distinguishing features of treatment for both substance use and mental disorders, the issue of culture is significant for treatment in both fields. The therapeutic alliance should be informed by the clinician's understanding of the client's cultural identity, social supports, self-esteem, and reluctance about treatment resulting from social stigma. A common theme in culturally competent care is that the treatment provider--not the person seeking treatment--is responsible for ensuring that treatment is effective for diverse clients.
Meeting the needs of diverse clients involves two components: (1) understanding how to work with persons from different cultures and (2) understandi.
22CHAPTER 2 Cultural CompetencyAchieving cultural .docxrobert345678
22
CHAPTER
2 Cultural Competency
Achieving cultural competence is a learning process that
requires self-awareness, reflective practice, and knowl-
edge of core cultural issues. It involves recognizing one’s
own culture, values, and biases and using effective patient-
centered communication skills. A culturally competent
healthcare provider adapts to the unique needs of patients
of backgrounds and cultures that differ from his or her
own. This adaptability, coupled with a genuine curiosity
about a patient’s beliefs and values, lay the foundation for
a trusting patient-provider relationship.
A Definition of Culture
Culture, in its broadest sense, reflects the whole of human
behavior, including ideas and attitudes, ways of relating to
one another, manners of speaking, and the material products
of physical effort, ingenuity, and imagination. Language is
a part of culture. So, too, are the abstract systems of belief,
etiquette, law, morals, entertainment, and education. Within
the cultural whole, different populations may exist in groups
and subgroups. Each group is identified by a particular
body of shared traits (e.g., a particular art, ethos, or belief;
or a particular behavioral pattern) and is rather dynamic
in its evolving accommodations with internal and external
influences. Any individual may belong to more than one
group or subgroup, such as ethnic origin, religion, gender,
sexual orientation, occupation, and profession.
Distinguishing Physical Characteristics
The use of physical characteristics (e.g., gender or skin
color) to distinguish a cultural group or subgroup is inap-
propriate. There is a significant difference between distin-
guishing cultural characteristics and distinguishing physical
characteristics. Do not confuse the physical with the cultural
or allow the physical to symbolize the cultural. To assume
homogeneity in the beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors of all
individuals in a particular group leads to misunderstandings
about the individual. The stereotype, a fixed image of any
group that denies the potential of originality or individuality
within the group, must be rejected. People can and do
respond differently to the same stimuli. Stereotyping occurs
through two cognitive phases. In the first phase, a stereotype
becomes activated when an individual is categorized into
a social group. When this occurs, the beliefs and feelings
(prejudices) come to mind about what members of that
particular group are like. Over time, this first phase occurs
without effort or awareness. In the second phase, people
use these activated beliefs and feelings when they interact
with the individual, even when they explicitly deny these
stereotypes. Multiple studies have shown that healthcare
providers activate these implicit stereotypes, or unconscious
biases, when communicating with and providing care to
minority patients (Stone and Moskowitz, 2011). With this
in mind, you can begin learning cult.
Running head THE TRANSCULTURAL NURSING CARE THEORY 1THE TRANSC.docxjenkinsmandie
Running head: THE TRANSCULTURAL NURSING CARE THEORY 1
THE TRANSCULTURAL NURSING CARE THEORY 8
The Transcultural Nursing Care Theory of Madeline Leininger
Student’s name
Instructor
Course
Date
Transcultural Nursing Theory Articule #1
Leininger, M. (1994). Quality of life from a transcultural nursing perspective. Nursing Science Quarterly, 7(1), 22-28.
Leininger explains her belief in this article that the quality of life is derived from her theory of culture care diversity and universality. She tries to demonstrate how medical attendants should adopt a transcultural nursing perception in improving the quality of life as compared to how it has been perceived in most of the traditional and patterned descriptions. She talks about the five cultures that she says when appropriately incorporated in nursing care, a more advanced discipline and profession of culturally constituted care patterns will be attained. These cultures include: Mexican Americans, Philippine Americans, Anglo-Americans, Gadsup of New Guinea and Native North Americans. The article delved more on universality rather than diversity (p 26).
It is complex when one tries to understand the quality of life, and thus, different approaches of culturally patterned care are used to describe the conditions and expressions of humans. The symbolic, expression and meaning referents in most cases are influenced by diversity in humans. According to Leininger, the quality of life should be understood from an inside culturally patterned establishment in order for the results to be accurate and reliable (p 28). The underlying challenge existing in nursing practice is to help health care providers distinguish and identify the inside and outside patterned expressions and meanings linked with the quality of life to help nurses make sound treatment decisions, behaviors and counseling.
In summary, the article revealed that the quality of life is in a large part described by culturally patterned and articulated through our way of living as well as the prevailing cultural ideas. Leininger concludes by stating that, what determines the quality of life is not universal. However, further research is needed to validate and understand more the meaning of quality of life.
Transcultural Nursing Theory Articule #2
Nashwan, A., & Mansour, D. (2015). Caring for a Bedouin female patient with breast cancer: An application of Leininger’s theory of culture care diversity and universality. Global Journal of Medicine and Public Health, 2(3), 1-6.
In this article, the transcultural cultural theory as developed by Madeleine Leininger shows how patient care should be administered based on one’s practices, values, and cultural beliefs. Madeleine Leininger presents her arguments in this article using a clinical encounter that relates to her transcultural nursing care theory of a Bedouin woman client who is being assessed, diagnosed and treated for malignant growth (p 4).
Upon the arrival of the client.
Defining a Culturally Competent Organization Culturally competent .docxvickeryr87
Defining a Culturally Competent Organization Culturally competent health care, broadly defined as services that are respectful of and responsive to the cultural and linguistic needs of patients, is increasingly viewed as essential in reducing racial and ethnic disparities, improving health care quality, and controlling costs. The U.S. government considers cultural competence as a method of increasing access to quality care for all patients. The aim should be to develop systems more responsive to diverse populations. Managed care organizations view cultural competence as driving both quality and business. By embedding cultural competence strategies into quality improvement initiatives to make care more efficient and effective, clinical outcomes are improved while costs are controlled. Those in academic settings agree that cultural competency education is crucial for preparing future health care workers, although appropriate education on the topic is provided in only half of the medical schools in the United States (Betancourt, Green, Carrillo, & Park, 2005). According to the Office of Minority Health, cultural competence refers to the ability of health care providers and organizations to understand and respond effectively to the cultural and linguistic needs of patients (Office of Minority Health, 2001). Cultural competence encompasses a wide range of activities and considerations. It includes providing respectful care that is consistent with cultural health beliefs of the clients and family members. Competent interpreter services and programs to promote staff diversity are other ways in which health care organizations can increase cultural competence (Clancy & Stryer, 2001). Because communication is a cornerstone of patient safety and quality care, every patient has the right to receive information in a manner he or she understands. Effective communication allows patients to participate more fully in their care. Communicating effectively with patients is also critical to the informed consent process and helps practitioners and hospitals give the best possible care. For communication to be effective, the information provided must be complete, accurate, timely, unambiguous, and understood by the patient. Many patients of varying circumstances require alternative communication methods: patients who speak and/or read languages other than English; patients who have limited literacy in any language; patients who have visual or hearing impairments; patients on ventilators; patients with cognitive impairments; and children. The hospital has many options available to assist in communication with these individuals, such as interpreters, translated written materials, pen and paper, communication boards, and speech therapy. It is up to the hospital to determine which method is the best for each patient. Various laws, regulations, and guidelines are relevant to the use of interpreters. These include Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, 1964; Executive Order .
Running Head TEACHING PLAN2TEACHING PLAN2.docxjeanettehully
Running Head: TEACHING PLAN 2
TEACHING PLAN 2
High-Level Teaching Plan for A Diverse Learning Environment
Student’s Name
Course Code
Institution Affiliation
Date
A Patient Educator in A Hospital
Introduction
Nursing is not all about giving medications or treating patients. It is the responsibility of the nurses to educate patients on how to prevent illnesses and how to manage certain medical conditions. Nurses can do these by interacting and communicating with patients. By doing this, they will help patients understand how to take control of their health care. When patients take part in their health care, they are likely to change their behaviors and do things that are likely to improve their general health.
My role and the environment I will utilize for teaching
According to Burke and Mancuso (2012), learning is very important in any nursing environment. Effective education of patients happens from the time they are admitted at the hospital and goes on until the patients are discharged from the hospital. For out-patients, I will educate them during their waiting time. As a nurse I will take every opportunity I will come across during the patients’ visit to the hospital and throughout their admission in the hospital to educate them about their health care. I will provide patients with instructions to follow on self-care and how to maintain certain problems. Some of the self-care instructions include;
· How to follow the steps of self-care
· How to know early signs of certain illnesses
· How to go about emergency problems
· Who to contact in case of problems
The intended audience
I will educate people of all populations in my education program regardless of their age, culture, illness, ethnicity, and gender. General education will be provided to all patients on how to take care of themselves when they leave the hospital. This important because sometimes patients go home, neglect themselves, resume their unhealthy practices, and forget to manage their medical conditions. For patients suffering from diabetes, I will educate and provide them with instructions on how to inject themselves with insulin. For new mothers, they will learn how to take care of their new born babies and how to bath the infants. I will provide instructions on how to change a colostomy pouching system for the concerned patients.
The Social Cognitive Learning Theory
Key points of the theory
This theory concentrates on the impacts of social factors on a person’s thinking, perception and motivation. According to the social cognition theory, a patient must have different perspectives, approaches, and reactions to situations in the health care environment. The players in the health care setting would be expected to have different perceptions, interpretations, and responses to a situation that are strongly colored by their social and cultural experiences (Braungart, Braungart, & Gramet, 2008).
Why this theory fits the topic, audience, and the context
The ...
Read Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy, pages.docxdanas19
Read:
Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy
, pages 43-45; and
Addressing Diverse Populations in Intensive Outpatient Treatment
I have attached additional reading material, I need this by Thursday,
Serving Special Populations
After completing the reading for this unit, what do you think is the greatest obstacle facing special populations in addiction treatment? What will you do as a counselor to ensure that all of your clients receive the best treatment possible?
Your paper is to be in APA format, 1-2 pages, and include sources. Please see
paper guidelines
for explanation of requirements.
Addressing Diverse Populations in Intensive Outpatient Treatment
1. Introduction
1. Introduction
Culture is important in substance abuse treatment because clients' experiences of culture precede and influence their clinical experience. Treatment setting, coping styles, social supports, stigma attached to substance use disorders, even whether an individual seeks help--all are influenced by a client's culture. Culture needs to be understood as a broad concept that refers to a shared set of beliefs, norms, and values among any group of people, whether based on ethnicity or on a shared affiliation and identity.
Retrieved from,
Substance Abuse: Clinical Issues in Intensive Outpatient Treatment
, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (2006).
2. What It Means To Be a Culturally Competent Clinician
It is agreed widely in the health care field that an individual's culture is a critical factor to be considered in treatment. The Surgeon General's report, Mental Health: Culture, Race, and Ethnicity, states, "Substantive data from consumer and family self-reports, ethnic match, and ethnic-specific services outcome studies suggest that tailoring services to the specific needs of these [ethnic] groups will improve utilization and outcomes” (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2001, p. 36). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) (American Psychiatric Association 1994) calls on clinicians to understand how their relationship with the client is affected by cultural differences and sets up a framework for reviewing the effects of culture on each client.
Because verbal communication and the therapeutic alliance are distinguishing features of treatment for both substance use and mental disorders, the issue of culture is significant for treatment in both fields. The therapeutic alliance should be informed by the clinician's understanding of the client's cultural identity, social supports, self-esteem, and reluctance about treatment resulting from social stigma. A common theme in culturally competent care is that the treatment provider--not the person seeking treatment--is responsible for ensuring that treatment is effective for diverse clients.
Meeting the needs of diverse clients involves two components: (1) understanding how to work with persons from different cultures and (2) understandi.
22CHAPTER 2 Cultural CompetencyAchieving cultural .docxrobert345678
22
CHAPTER
2 Cultural Competency
Achieving cultural competence is a learning process that
requires self-awareness, reflective practice, and knowl-
edge of core cultural issues. It involves recognizing one’s
own culture, values, and biases and using effective patient-
centered communication skills. A culturally competent
healthcare provider adapts to the unique needs of patients
of backgrounds and cultures that differ from his or her
own. This adaptability, coupled with a genuine curiosity
about a patient’s beliefs and values, lay the foundation for
a trusting patient-provider relationship.
A Definition of Culture
Culture, in its broadest sense, reflects the whole of human
behavior, including ideas and attitudes, ways of relating to
one another, manners of speaking, and the material products
of physical effort, ingenuity, and imagination. Language is
a part of culture. So, too, are the abstract systems of belief,
etiquette, law, morals, entertainment, and education. Within
the cultural whole, different populations may exist in groups
and subgroups. Each group is identified by a particular
body of shared traits (e.g., a particular art, ethos, or belief;
or a particular behavioral pattern) and is rather dynamic
in its evolving accommodations with internal and external
influences. Any individual may belong to more than one
group or subgroup, such as ethnic origin, religion, gender,
sexual orientation, occupation, and profession.
Distinguishing Physical Characteristics
The use of physical characteristics (e.g., gender or skin
color) to distinguish a cultural group or subgroup is inap-
propriate. There is a significant difference between distin-
guishing cultural characteristics and distinguishing physical
characteristics. Do not confuse the physical with the cultural
or allow the physical to symbolize the cultural. To assume
homogeneity in the beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors of all
individuals in a particular group leads to misunderstandings
about the individual. The stereotype, a fixed image of any
group that denies the potential of originality or individuality
within the group, must be rejected. People can and do
respond differently to the same stimuli. Stereotyping occurs
through two cognitive phases. In the first phase, a stereotype
becomes activated when an individual is categorized into
a social group. When this occurs, the beliefs and feelings
(prejudices) come to mind about what members of that
particular group are like. Over time, this first phase occurs
without effort or awareness. In the second phase, people
use these activated beliefs and feelings when they interact
with the individual, even when they explicitly deny these
stereotypes. Multiple studies have shown that healthcare
providers activate these implicit stereotypes, or unconscious
biases, when communicating with and providing care to
minority patients (Stone and Moskowitz, 2011). With this
in mind, you can begin learning cult.
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We understand the unique challenges pickleball players face and are committed to helping you stay healthy and active. In this presentation, we’ll explore the three most common pickleball injuries and provide strategies for prevention and treatment.
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Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
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India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
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One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
2. Transcultural Nursing is a specialty
with in Nursing focused on the comparative
study and analysis of different cultures and sub-
cultures.
Various groups are examined with respect to
their caring behaviour, nursing care, health and
illness values, beliefs and patterns of behaviour.
3. Culture:
Norms and practices of a particular
group that are learned and shared and guide
thinking, decisions, and actions.
Cultural values:
The individual's desirable or preferred
way of acting or knowing something that is
sustained over a period of time and which governs
actions or decisions.
4. Culturally diverse nursing care:
An optimal mode of health care delivery; it
refers to the variability of nursing approaches needed
to provide culturally appropriate care that incorporates
an individual’s cultural values, beliefs, and practices
including sensitivity to the environment from which
the individual comes and to which the individual may
ultimately return..
5. Leininger defined transcultural nursing as:
“A legitimate and formal area of study,
research, and practice focused on culturally based
care, values, and practices to help cultures and
sub-cultures maintain or regain their health and
face difficulties or death in a culturally congruent
and beneficial caring ways”
cntd….,
6. “Transcultural Nursing is a comparitive study
of cultures to understand similarities(cuture
universal) and differences(culture-specific) across
human group.”
7. In 1950’s Medeleine M. Leininger, known as the
foundress of Transcultural Nursing, noted cultural
differences between patients and nurses while
working with emotionally disturbed children.
This experience led to study clinical difference in
perception of the care.
She recognized that health and illness states are
strongly influenced by culture and formulated the
theory of Transcultural Nursing.
8. In 1991, she published ‘Culture Care Diversity And
Universality: A Theory Of Nursing’
Her theory has now developed into a discipline in
nursing.
In 1988 Transcultural Nursing Society initiated
certification examinations: certified Transcultural
Nurse (CTN)
9. 1) There is a marked increase in the migration of
people within and between countries world wide.
2) There has been a rise in multicultural identifies,
with people expecting their cultural belief,
values, and lifeways to be understood and
respected by nurses and other health care
providers.
3) The increased use of health care technology
sometimes conflicts with cultural values of
clients.
10. 4)World wide there are cultural conflicts, clashes,
and violence that have an impact health care as
more cultures interact with one another.
5) There was an increase in legal suits resulting from
cultural conflict, negligence, ignorance, and
imposition of health care practices.
6) There is an increase in the number of people
travelling and working in many different parts of
the world.
7) There has been a rise in feminism and gender
issues, with new demands on health care systems
to meet the needs of woman and children
11. 8) There has been an increased demand for
community and culture based health care services
in diverse environmental contexts.
12. To help develop, test and organize the emerging
body of knowledge in Transcultural Nursing, it is
necessary to have a conceptual framework from
which various theoritical statements can emerge.
There are two popular models widely used in the
field
Leininger’s Sunrise Model
The Giger and Davidhizar: ‘Transcultural Assessment
Model’
13. The model is based on the concept of culture care
and shows 3 major nursing modalities that guide
nursing judgments and activities to provide
‘Culturally Congruent Care’
3 major modalities are
1) Cultural care preservation/ Maintainance
2) Cultural care Accommodation/Negotiation
3) Cultural care Repatterning /Reconstructing.
14.
15. Culturally Congruent Care:
The care that is beneficial and
meaningful to the people being served.
Culturally Diverse Nursing Care:
An optimal mode of health care
delivery; It refers to the variability of nursing
approaches needed to provide culturally
appropriate care that incorporates an individuals
cultural values, beliefs and practices including
sensitivity to the environment from which the
individual comes and to which the individual
ultimately return.
16. This model was developed in 1988 in response to
the need for nursing students in an undergraduate
program to assess and provide care for patients
that were culturally diverse.
Giger and Davidhizar have identified six cultural
phenomena that vary among cultural groups and
affect health care.
17.
18. Communication is the means by which culture is
transmitted and preserved. Both verbal and
nonverbal communications are learned in one’s
culture.
Verbal and nonverbal patterns of communication
vary across cultures, and if nurses do not
understand the client’s cultural rules in
communication, the client’s acceptance of a
treatment regimen may be jeopardized.
Cntd…,
19. Accurate diagnosis and treatment is impossible if the
health-care professional cannot understand the
patient.
Culture not only determines the appropriateness of
the message but also influences all the components of
communication.
Thus, an assessment of communication should
consider: 1) dialect,
2) style,
3) volume, including silence,
4) touch,
5) context of speech or emotional tone, and
6) kinesics, including gestures, stances, and
eye behaviour
20. Space refers to the distance between individuals
when they interact. All communication occurs in
the context of space.
There are four distinct zones of interpersonal
space: 1)inmate zone (extends up to 1 ½ feet),
2)personal distance (extends from 1 ½ to 4 feet),
3)social distance (extends from 4 to 12 feet) and
4)public distance (extends 12 feet or more)
21. 3) Social organization:
Social organization refers to the social
group organizations with which clients and
families may identify.
4) Time Orientation
Time is an important aspect of
interpersonal communication. Some cultures are
considered future oriented, others present
oriented, and still others past oriented
22. These differences in time orientation may become
important in health-care measures such as long-
term planning and explanations of medication
schedules.
eg:Latin Americans, Native Americans, and
Middle Easterners are present oriented cultures
and may neglect preventive health care measures.
They may show-up late or not at all for
appointments
23. Environmental control refers to the
ability of the person to control nature and to plan
and direct factors in the environment.
Some groups perceive man as
having mastery over nature; others perceive
humans to be dominated by nature, while others
see harmonious relationships between humans
and nature
24. For example, Asians and Native
Americans may perceive that illness is a
disharmony with other forces and that medicine is
only capable of relieving the symptoms rather than
curing the disease. These groups are likely to look
for naturalistic solutions, such as herbs and hot
and cold treatments to resolve or cure a cancerous
condition
25. Biological variations are:
(1) body structure,
(2) skin colour,
(3) other visible physical characteristics,
(4) enzymatic and genetic variations,
(5) electrocardiographic patterns,
(6) susceptibility to disease,
(7) nutritional preferences and deficiencies, and
(8) psychological characteristics
26. 1) Theoritical foundations of Transcultural Nursing.
2) Cultural information gathering.
3) Caring and healing systems.
4) Cultural health patterns and caring patterns.
5) Health care planning.
6) Evaluation.
7) Research.
8) Professional development.