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TRACTION AND SPLINTS IN ORTHOPAEDICS new.ppt
- 1. TRACTION AND SPLINTSIN ORTHOPAEDICS DR OTABOR C U SNR REGISTRAR IN ORTHOPAEDICS NOH,DALA
- 2. TRACTION OUTLINE DEFINITION TYPES METHODS OF APPLYINGTRACTION PRINCIPLES OF TRACTION USES OF TRACTON COMPLICATIONS OF TRACTION PRECAUTIONS CONCLUSION
- 3. • TRACTION ISANY DEVICE USED TO APPLY A PULLING FORCE TO A PART OF THE BODY IN THE PRESENCE OF A COUNTER FORCE. IT IS BASED ON NEWTON’S 3RD LAW OF MOTION
- 4. TYPES OF TRACTION FIXEDTRACTION: PULLING IS DONE B/W 2 FIXED POINTS. EG THOMAS’ SPLINT WITH SKIN TRACTION SLIDING TRACTION: PULLING FORCE IS APPLIED B/W 2 MOBILE PARTS. CONSIST OF WT AND PULLEY. AN INCLINED PLANE IS NEEDED. COMBINED FIXED AND BALANCED TRACTION
- 8. METHODS OF APPLICATION SKINTRACTION ADVANTAGES EASY TO APPY CHEAP AVAILABLE NON INVASSIVE DISADVANTAGES ALLERGY LIMIT OF 4KG WEIGHT NOT DURABLE
- 10. SKELETAL TRACTION • APPLIEDBY MEANS OF STEIMAN PIN THRU BONE SITES HIGH TIBIA LOW FEMORAL CALCANEAL LOW TIBIAL GREATER TROCHANTERIC OLECRANON SKULL
- 12. PULP TRACTION SUTURE ORWIRE IS PASSED THRU PULP OF THUMB OR GREAT TOE STIRRUP AFFIXED AND TRACTION APPLIED USED FOR REDUCING BENNETT’S # AND POST KELLER REPAIR OF HALLUX VALGUS
- 14. PRINCIPLES OF USEOF TRACTION • PULLING FORCE MUST BE IN LINE WITH THE DIRECTION OF ALIGNMENT OF THE BONE. • EXTREMITY SHOULD NOT BE OVERSTRETCHED TO AVOID DISTRACTION • THE STRETCHING FORCES MUST REMAIN CONSTANT IN AMOUNT AND DIRECTION UNTIL THE FRACTURE IS STICKY
- 15. USES OF TRACTION •FOR REDUCTION OF FRACTURES AND DISLOCATION • TO MAINTAIN REDUCTION • TO CORRECT DEFORMITIES IN JOINTS DUE TO MUSCLE SPASMS AND CONTRACTURES • TO REST JOINTS POST ARTHROTOMY FOR SEPTIC ARTHRITIS • STRETCHING OF SOFT TISSUES B/F ORIF • TX OF PID AND SPONDYLOSIS • TO ENFORCE BED REST IN PELVIC # • PREVENTION OF CONTRACTURES
- 16. COMPLICATIONS OF TRACTION •A. ASSOCIATED WITH PROCEDURE -DERMATITIS - SOFT TISSUE DAMAGE - CUT THRU PINS OSTEOPOROSIS - PIN TRACT INFECTION
- 17. COMPLICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH PROLONGEDRECUMBENCY • PRESSURE SORES • OSTEOPOROSIS • RENAL CALCULI • CONSTIPATION • ORTHOSTATIC PNEUMONIA • DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS • JOINT STIFFNESS • DEPRESSION
- 18. PRECAUTIONS IN TRACTIONPATIENTS • PAD PRESSURE AREAS • INSPECT AND CLEAN PIN TRACTS REGULARLY • JOINTS AND CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY • QUADRICEPS EXCERCISES • THROMBOPROPHYLAXIS • PSYCHOTHERAPY • FAMILY SUPPORT.
- 19. SPLINTS • A SPLINTIS A MEDICAL DEVICE FOR IMMOBILIZATION OF A PART OF THE APPENDICULAR OR AXIAL SKELETON. IT REDUCES PAIN AND MUSCLE SPASMS.
- 21. CLASSIFICATION OF SPLINTS BASEDON FLEXIBILITY OF USE A. PERMANENT B. REMOVABLE BASED ON MOVT OF JOINTS A. DYNAMIC B.STATIC BASED ON THE MATERIAL A.POP SPLINT B.PLASTIC SPLINT WOODEN SPLINT ETC BASED ON THE PART OF BODY INVOLVED
- 23. SPLINTS CONTD • BASEDON PART OF BODY INVOLVED UPPER LIMB SPLINT. E.G. ULNAR/RADIAL GUTTER SPLINT, CORK UP SPLINT, ELBOW SPLINT , ETC. LOWER LIMB SPLINT E.G. SHORT LEG POSTERIOR SPLINT, LONG LEG POST SPLINT, ANTIFOOT DROP DEVICE ETC.
- 26. USES OF SPLINTS Emergencytx at accident scene Immobilize dx joints Support and stability Correction of congenital anomalies. Prevention and tx of contractures Postop immobilization Spinal support /immobilization post trauma
- 31. POP • COMMONEST MATERIALFOR SPLINT • ANHYDROUS CALSIUM SALT ADV CHEAP EASY TOAPPLY NO ALLERGY DISADV HEAVY ABSORB SOME XRAYS BRITTLE
- 35. FIBRE GLASS ADV LIGHT XRAY FRIENDLY VERYRESILIENT IN COLOURS DISADV EXPENSIVE NOT VERY AVAILABLE