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This document summarizes the seven layers of the OSI model: Layer 1 is the physical layer, which defines the physical medium used to send and receive data bits. Protocols include Ethernet and CAT5. Layer 2 is the data link layer, which defines link and MAC sublayers and translates data from higher layers into frames. Protocols include Ethernet, PPP, and ATM. Layer 3 is the network layer, which handles routing and logical addressing between end systems. Protocols include IP, IPX, and AppleTalk. Layer 4 is the transport layer, which segments and reassembles data and defines reliable and unreliable transmission. Protocols include TCP and UDP. Layer 5 is
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The document provides information about the CCNA certification exam, including the exam number, total marks, duration, passing score, question types, and benefits of obtaining the certification. It also discusses common networking devices, network interface cards, hubs, switches, routers, common network topologies, and the functions of LANs, MANs and WANs. Finally, it introduces the OSI model and its seven layers.
Ccna day 1
The document provides information about the CCNA certification exam, including the exam number, total marks, duration, passing score, question types, and benefits of obtaining the certification. It also discusses common networking devices, network interface cards, hubs, switches, routers, common network topologies, and the functions of local, metropolitan, and wide area networks. Finally, it introduces the OSI model and its seven layers, describing the function of each layer.
Basic networking 07-2012
OSI 7 layer model.
Basic networking.
Everything you need to know - very high level. With an emphasis on TCP/IP
Networking (osi model)
all about osi model and its layer which contain seven layer that is application ,presentation ,session ,transport ,networking, data link and physical layer . osi is appected by all and it was introduced by iso (indian standard organisation). osi is accepted by all over the world its best for networking which tell about all layer working .
Computer networks chapter1.
The document discusses various topics related to computer networks including metropolitan area networks, wide area networks, wireless networks, home network categories, network software, protocol hierarchies, connection-oriented and connectionless services, service primitives, and reference models such as OSI and TCP/IP. It provides details on the seven layers of the OSI model including the functions and services provided by each layer.
Ccna day1
The document discusses the CCNA certification exam and provides details about its format, benefits, and requirements. It then covers networking concepts like network devices, topologies, protocols, and the OSI model. Key points include that the CCNA exam tests knowledge of networking fundamentals, has multiple choice and simulation questions, and benefits career advancement. It also defines common network components, topologies, and each layer of the OSI model.
C C N A Day1
The document discusses the CCNA certification exam including details about the exam such as number of questions, duration, passing score, and benefits of obtaining the certification. It also provides information about networking devices, topologies, standards, and the OSI model layers. Key topics covered include switches, routers, network topologies like star and bus, IEEE 802 standards, and an explanation of each of the seven layers of the OSI model.
Ccna day1
The document discusses the CCNA certification exam including details about the exam such as number of questions, duration, passing score, and benefits of obtaining the certification. It also provides information about networking devices, topologies, protocols, and the OSI model layers. Key topics covered include switches, routers, network topologies like star and bus, the 7 layers of the OSI model and what each layer is responsible for, and how data is encapsulated as it moves through the layers from physical to application.
OSI layers
This document discusses reference models for computer networks, including the OSI model and TCP/IP model. It provides details on each of the seven layers of the OSI model, including the layer name and number, example protocols, and key functions. It notes that the OSI model was developed by the International Organization for Standardization while TCP/IP was initially designed by the U.S. Department of Defense. It concludes that it will use the hybrid reference model as the framework.
Ccna day1
The document discusses the CCNA certification exam including details about the exam such as number of questions, duration, passing score, and benefits of obtaining the certification. It also provides an overview of networking concepts including the purpose of networking, networking devices, network interface cards, hubs, switches, routers, network topologies, LANs/WANs, virtual private networks, bandwidth, the OSI model, and IEEE 802 standards.
OSI Layers
The OSI model is a layered architecture for networking that breaks down communication functions into 7 distinct layers. Each layer performs a subset of communication functions and relies on the layer below it. Changes to one layer should not require changes in other layers. The layers are physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application. The physical layer transmits individual bits, the data link layer transmits frames between two nodes, the network layer delivers packets across networks, the transport layer delivers messages between processes, and the upper layers establish communication sessions, define data formats, and provide services to users.
Ccent notes part 1
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Report of TCP/IP
The document provides information on the OSI model and TCP/IP model. It describes the seven layers of the OSI model and the functions of each layer. It then summarizes the four layers of the TCP/IP model and how they map to the OSI layers. Some key differences between the two models are that the OSI model has seven layers while TCP/IP only has four layers, and TCP/IP combines functions of some OSI layers. The document concludes with a table comparing the two models.
1. Summarize and describe the basic functions in the IEEE 802.11 Phy.pdf
1. Summarize and describe the basic functions in the IEEE 802.11 Physical layer (PHY) and
Data Link Control layer (DLC).
Solution
Physical layer
1.It tells the electrical and physical details for a data connection.it tells the association among the
apparatus and a medium like copper and optic fibre ...etc.it contains the stratum of
voltage,impedance,pins...etc.and signal duration and same features and also the frequency for a
wireless utensils
2.Genarally the recognitions of this physical layer is used for tripping,inactivating and organising
the physical layer among the hosts. .
3.It is acccomplished to impart and get the unorganised raw data in a physical element.RJ45 is a
much general connector for this physical layer.
3.It mainly tells the tranmission node as uncompounded,half-duplex and full duplex. it teels the
network topology in the form of a mesh,ring or bus superlatively..It is a sheet of low-level
networking utensils like cables,hubs and repeaters...etc.
4.The main function of this physical layer is to tell exact bit model to use the exac protocol for
every kind of media to code the data into media gesture.
Data link layer
1.It is the next layer of physical layer in the OSI Model.it is a protocol layer which coveys the
data among the neighbouring nodes in case of wide area networks or between the similar nodes
in local area networks.
2.It offers the task and way of conveying data among the network creatures and used to offer the
procedure to code and reduce the exact errors that produce in the physical layer.
3.Data link protocols indicates how the equipments reduce and recuperate the collisions and also
offer tthe way to reduce them.
4.It is apprehended with local convayance of frames among the equipments on the similar Local
area network(LAN).
5.The data link layers functionality is accomdated with the4 link layer and squat layer of a OSI
Model.Tthe data link layer retorts to solocits from a layer called network and then affairs the
solicits to the physical layer..
networking1.ppt
The document discusses networking concepts such as network topologies, devices, and the OSI model. It begins by explaining how businesses realized networking could increase productivity and save costs. It then describes common networking devices like NICs, hubs, switches, and routers. The document also covers standard network topologies and the layers of the OSI model, providing examples of how data is encapsulated as it travels through each layer.
Hardware7
The seven layers of the OSI reference model are:
1. Physical layer - deals with physical connections and transmission of raw bits of data.
2. Data link layer - deals with node-to-node delivery and error checking between two directly connected machines.
3. Network layer - deals with packet routing across multiple nodes and logical addressing.
Ccna introduction
The document provides information about the CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate) certification exam, including its introduction, syllabus, fees, number of questions, passing marks, and exam structure over two exams. It also includes summaries of the OSI reference model and TCP/IP model, which define standards for network communication and how data is packaged and transmitted between devices.
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1. Summarize and describe the basic functions in the IEEE 802.11 Phy.pdf
1. Summarize and describe the basic functions in the IEEE 802.11 Phy.pdf
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Trabalho ralizado por
- 1. Trabalho ralizado por: Henrique Bassani nº6 8ºH Prof: Miguela Fernandes Agrupamento de Escolas da Batalha
- 3. Layer1 Inthefirstlayerwehavethephysicalone, it defines thecharacteristics os thephysicalmediumused to sendandreceive data bits. TheProtocolsandServices are: - EIA/TIA 232 and 449 , RJ45, Ethernet, CAT 5, X.21, HSSI.
- 4. Layer 2 Atthesecondlayer (Data Link) wehavethetranslatesPDUsfromhigherlayersinto data frames, Defines the LLC and MAC sublayers. TheProtocolsandServices are: – FrameRelay, PPP, HDLC, IEEE 802.2, 802.3, 802.5, FDDI, ATM, SDLC, LAPB and ISDN.
- 5. Layer 3 Thethirdlayerit’sthe Network. It’sconcernedwithend-to-enddeliveryof data, logicaladdressing, androutingandhowroutes are identified. ProtocolsandServices: – IP, IPX andAppleTalk DDP.
- 6. Layer 4 Thequadlayerit’stheTransport, itsaboutsegmentsandreassembles data. Defines riableandunrealiable data transmissionandconnection-orientedandconnectionlessprotocols. TCP, UDP, SPX are theProtocolsandServices.
- 7. Layer 5 ThefifthlayeristheSession. ItEstablishes, controls, andendssessions, Full-andhalf-duplexcommunications. ProtocolsandServices: - NFS, SQL, NetBIOS, AppleTalk ASP, X Windows, RPC, DECNet SCP.
- 8. Layer 6 ThePresentationisthesixthlayer. Defines data formats, includingencryption, data conversion, audio / visul, andgraphics. There are a fewProtocolsandServiceslike: - MPEG, HTML, MIDI, ASCII, EBCDIC, TIFF, GIF, PICT.
- 9. Layer 7 Finalytheseventhlayer, theAplication – Identifiesandestablishesavaibilityofcommunicationpartners. Determines whetherresources are sufficientfforthecommunication to occur. ProtocolsandServices: - FTP, SMTP, Telnet, Web Browsers, CMIP, and Virtual Terminal Protocol.
- 10. Greetings Thankyou for yourattention.