Towards immune modulation vp
•Download as PPT, PDF•
0 likes•412 views
This document discusses potential immune-based therapies for modulating atherosclerosis and vulnerable plaque. It suggests that targeting specific antigens, co-stimulatory molecules, cytokines, vaccines, recombinant proteins, antibodies, cells, or small molecule drugs could help shift the immune response away from pathogenic Th1 immunity toward protective Th2 immunity. Certain cytokines like IL-10 and TGFβ may be protective, while IFNγ and TNFα aggravate disease. Immunization experiments with oxidized LDL and heat shock protein 65 have shown promise in reducing lesions in animal models. Statins and pentoxifyllin may also help by inhibiting Th1 responses. However, general immunosuppression poses side effects, so focused immune modulation is a more viable strategy
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Aeha immune mechanisms in atherosclerosis
This document summarizes the role of the immune system in atherosclerosis. It finds that:
1) Adaptive immunity plays a major role in atherosclerosis as mice lacking T and B cells develop dramatically less atherosclerosis despite similar cholesterol levels.
2) T cells in lesions recognize oxidized LDL and other antigens, activating macrophages and promoting inflammation.
3) NKT cells increase atherosclerosis by recognizing glycolipid antigens, while regulatory T cells and B cells decrease disease by producing anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-10 and TGF-β.
4) Protective immunization approaches have shown promise in animal models by stimulating antibody production against oxidized LDL and other antigens to decrease plaque formation.
189 hsp 65
1. The document discusses the potential role of heat shock protein 65 (HSP-65) as an autoantigen in the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Several studies have found associations between antibodies to HSP-65 and various measures of atherosclerosis.
2. One study immunized rabbits with the BCG vaccine, which contains HSP-65, and found higher levels of atherosclerotic plaques in immunized rabbits compared to controls. This suggests HSP-65 immunity may enhance atherosclerosis.
3. However, the role of HSP-65 is unclear - it may be more important for plaque vulnerability rather than generation, and different antigens could be involved at different stages or between patients.
Esv2n49
1. The document discusses the potential role of heat shock protein 65 (HSP-65) as an autoantigen in the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Several studies have found associations between antibodies to HSP-65 and various measures of atherosclerosis.
2. One study immunized rabbits with the BCG vaccine, which contains HSP-65, and found higher levels of atherosclerotic plaques in immunized rabbits compared to controls. This suggests HSP-65 immunity may enhance atherosclerosis.
3. However, the role of HSP-65 is unclear - it may be more important for plaque vulnerability rather than generation, and different antigens could be involved at different stages or between patients.
Shah vaccine
1) Immunization of rabbits and mice with LDL or specific Apo B-100 peptide sequences reduced atherosclerosis and favorably altered plaque composition despite hypercholesterolemia.
2) Adoptive transfer of splenocytes from Apo B-100 peptide immunized mice also reduced atherosclerosis in recipient mice.
3) Multiple Apo B-100 related peptide antigens were shown to have athero-protective effects in Apo E null mice, supporting immunotherapy as a potential treatment approach for atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis, an autoimmune disease
1. Autoimmune reactions against heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP60, may play an important role in the early development of atherosclerosis.
2. HSPs released from necrotic cells in advanced atherosclerotic plaques can stimulate the innate immune response and promote inflammation, attracting more inflammatory cells. This may link HSPs to complications like plaque rupture or thrombosis.
3. Both humoral and cellular immune reactions against HSP60 work together with classical cardiovascular risk factors to promote atherosclerosis and its complications.
178 vaccination against atherosclerosis
There is promising research into developing vaccines against atherosclerosis. Studies have found that vaccination against oxidized LDL and certain ApoB-100 peptides can reduce the development of atherosclerosis in animal models by up to 60%. A recent study immunized ApoE null mice with ApoB-100 peptide sequences and found a 60% reduction in atherosclerotic plaque in the aorta. Further research is still needed but vaccination shows potential as a way to prevent atherosclerosis and vulnerable plaques in humans. International collaboration could help advance this area towards developing heart attack prevention through immune modulation.
Esv3n12
Vaccination against atherosclerosis shows promise as an exciting new therapy. Studies in animal models have found that vaccination against oxidized LDL or specific ApoB-100 peptides can significantly reduce atherosclerosis. This study investigated immunization with novel ApoB-100 peptide sequences in ApoE null mice. It found a 60% reduction in atherosclerotic plaque in the aorta of immunized mice, along with increased collagen content in plaques. While more research is still needed, these results suggest that targeted vaccination against antigens involved in atherosclerosis, such as specific oxidized LDL peptides, could potentially be developed into a novel strategy for preventing heart attacks and strokes.
2014 cholesterol metabolism and immunity clinical implications
1) Research has shown cross-talk between cholesterol metabolism and the immune system, helping understand host responses to infection and inflammation.
2) A recent study found that the cholesterol metabolite 25-hydroxycholesterol tightly regulates the cytokine interleukin-1β. 25-hydroxycholesterol is derived from cholesterol and produced in immune cells.
3) 25-hydroxycholesterol inhibits interleukin-1β production by inhibiting gene transcription and inflammasome activation of interleukin-1β, thereby containing inflammatory responses. However, other studies found 25-hydroxycholesterol can also amplify inflammation.
Recommended
Aeha immune mechanisms in atherosclerosis
This document summarizes the role of the immune system in atherosclerosis. It finds that:
1) Adaptive immunity plays a major role in atherosclerosis as mice lacking T and B cells develop dramatically less atherosclerosis despite similar cholesterol levels.
2) T cells in lesions recognize oxidized LDL and other antigens, activating macrophages and promoting inflammation.
3) NKT cells increase atherosclerosis by recognizing glycolipid antigens, while regulatory T cells and B cells decrease disease by producing anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-10 and TGF-β.
4) Protective immunization approaches have shown promise in animal models by stimulating antibody production against oxidized LDL and other antigens to decrease plaque formation.
189 hsp 65
1. The document discusses the potential role of heat shock protein 65 (HSP-65) as an autoantigen in the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Several studies have found associations between antibodies to HSP-65 and various measures of atherosclerosis.
2. One study immunized rabbits with the BCG vaccine, which contains HSP-65, and found higher levels of atherosclerotic plaques in immunized rabbits compared to controls. This suggests HSP-65 immunity may enhance atherosclerosis.
3. However, the role of HSP-65 is unclear - it may be more important for plaque vulnerability rather than generation, and different antigens could be involved at different stages or between patients.
Esv2n49
1. The document discusses the potential role of heat shock protein 65 (HSP-65) as an autoantigen in the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Several studies have found associations between antibodies to HSP-65 and various measures of atherosclerosis.
2. One study immunized rabbits with the BCG vaccine, which contains HSP-65, and found higher levels of atherosclerotic plaques in immunized rabbits compared to controls. This suggests HSP-65 immunity may enhance atherosclerosis.
3. However, the role of HSP-65 is unclear - it may be more important for plaque vulnerability rather than generation, and different antigens could be involved at different stages or between patients.
Shah vaccine
1) Immunization of rabbits and mice with LDL or specific Apo B-100 peptide sequences reduced atherosclerosis and favorably altered plaque composition despite hypercholesterolemia.
2) Adoptive transfer of splenocytes from Apo B-100 peptide immunized mice also reduced atherosclerosis in recipient mice.
3) Multiple Apo B-100 related peptide antigens were shown to have athero-protective effects in Apo E null mice, supporting immunotherapy as a potential treatment approach for atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis, an autoimmune disease
1. Autoimmune reactions against heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP60, may play an important role in the early development of atherosclerosis.
2. HSPs released from necrotic cells in advanced atherosclerotic plaques can stimulate the innate immune response and promote inflammation, attracting more inflammatory cells. This may link HSPs to complications like plaque rupture or thrombosis.
3. Both humoral and cellular immune reactions against HSP60 work together with classical cardiovascular risk factors to promote atherosclerosis and its complications.
178 vaccination against atherosclerosis
There is promising research into developing vaccines against atherosclerosis. Studies have found that vaccination against oxidized LDL and certain ApoB-100 peptides can reduce the development of atherosclerosis in animal models by up to 60%. A recent study immunized ApoE null mice with ApoB-100 peptide sequences and found a 60% reduction in atherosclerotic plaque in the aorta. Further research is still needed but vaccination shows potential as a way to prevent atherosclerosis and vulnerable plaques in humans. International collaboration could help advance this area towards developing heart attack prevention through immune modulation.
Esv3n12
Vaccination against atherosclerosis shows promise as an exciting new therapy. Studies in animal models have found that vaccination against oxidized LDL or specific ApoB-100 peptides can significantly reduce atherosclerosis. This study investigated immunization with novel ApoB-100 peptide sequences in ApoE null mice. It found a 60% reduction in atherosclerotic plaque in the aorta of immunized mice, along with increased collagen content in plaques. While more research is still needed, these results suggest that targeted vaccination against antigens involved in atherosclerosis, such as specific oxidized LDL peptides, could potentially be developed into a novel strategy for preventing heart attacks and strokes.
2014 cholesterol metabolism and immunity clinical implications
1) Research has shown cross-talk between cholesterol metabolism and the immune system, helping understand host responses to infection and inflammation.
2) A recent study found that the cholesterol metabolite 25-hydroxycholesterol tightly regulates the cytokine interleukin-1β. 25-hydroxycholesterol is derived from cholesterol and produced in immune cells.
3) 25-hydroxycholesterol inhibits interleukin-1β production by inhibiting gene transcription and inflammasome activation of interleukin-1β, thereby containing inflammatory responses. However, other studies found 25-hydroxycholesterol can also amplify inflammation.
Esv2n15
I. The document summarizes several studies that investigated the role of the immune system, particularly B cells, in atherosclerosis using mouse models.
II. One study found that RAG-1 deficient mice, which lack functional B and T cells, exhibited increased neointimal formation following arterial injury compared to wild type mice. Transferring B cells from wild type mice to RAG-1 deficient mice reduced neointimal formation.
III. Overall, the studies suggest that B cells may play a protective role against atherosclerosis by reducing plaque formation and progression. The mechanism may involve antibodies that target oxidation-specific epitopes, but this requires further investigation.
243 b cell
I. The document summarizes several studies that investigated the role of the immune system, particularly B cells, in atherosclerosis using mouse models.
II. One study found that RAG-1 deficient mice, which lack functional B and T cells, exhibited increased neointimal formation following arterial injury compared to wild type mice. Transferring B cells from wild type mice to RAG-1 deficient mice reduced neointimal formation.
III. Overall, the studies suggest that B cells may play a protective role against atherosclerosis by reducing plaque formation and progression. The mechanism may involve antibodies that target oxidation-specific epitopes, but this requires further investigation.
Autoimmune disease
1. Autoimmune reactions against heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP60, may play an important role in the early development of atherosclerosis.
2. HSPs released from necrotic cells in advanced atherosclerotic plaques can stimulate the innate immune response and promote inflammation, attracting more inflammatory cells. This may link HSPs to complications like plaque rupture or thrombosis.
3. Both humoral and cellular immune reactions against HSP60 work together with classical cardiovascular risk factors to promote atherosclerosis and its complications.
Atherosclerosis an autoimmune disease
1. Autoimmune reactions against heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP60, may play an important role in the early development of atherosclerosis by attracting immune cells into the arterial wall.
2. HSPs released from dying cells in advanced atherosclerotic plaques can stimulate the innate immune response and promote inflammation, attracting more immune cells and linking to complications like plaque rupture.
3. Both humoral and cellular immune responses against HSP60 work together with classical risk factors to develop and progress atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis, an autoimmune disease 2
1. Autoimmune reactions against heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP60, may play an important role in the early development of atherosclerosis.
2. HSPs released from necrotic cells in advanced atherosclerotic plaques can stimulate the innate immune response and promote inflammation, attracting more inflammatory cells. This may link HSPs to complications like plaque rupture and thrombosis.
3. Both humoral and cellular immune reactions against HSP60 work together with classical risk factors to promote atherosclerosis and its progression.
kayleighreport2014
Sickle cell disease patients frequently experience painful episodes known as acute chest syndrome. This study hypothesizes that sickle erythrocytes in the microcirculation cause injury to endothelial cells, resulting in increased production of inflammatory mediators and decreased anti-inflammatory molecules. The study cultured human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells with HbSS peptides (from sickle cell patients) and HbAA peptides (from normal patients). The HbSS peptides stimulated increased production of inflammatory factors like platelet activating factor and leukotrienes compared to HbAA peptides. This supports the hypothesis that sickle erythrocytes cause endothelial cell damage and inflammatory response, contributing to acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease patients.
Aeha multipeptide and passive
This document summarizes research on developing vaccines and passive immunization for atherosclerosis. Key points:
- Antibodies in human plasma bind to oxidized LDL peptide sequences, indicating an immune response against atherosclerosis antigens.
- Active immunization of mice with specific apo B-100 peptide sequences reduced atherosclerosis by up to 70% and shifted plaque composition.
- Passive immunization of mice with human antibodies against two peptides also reduced atherosclerosis and macrophage content in plaques.
- Some human IgM levels against oxidized LDL peptides correlate with severity of atherosclerosis and plaque composition.
- The research suggests certain oxidized LDL peptides could be targets for vaccines or passive immunotherapy to treat atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis an autoimmune disease
1. Autoimmune reactions against heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP60, may play an important role in the early development of atherosclerosis.
2. HSPs released from necrotic cells in advanced atherosclerotic plaques can stimulate the innate immune response and promote inflammation, attracting more inflammatory cells and linking to complications like plaque rupture or thrombosis.
3. Both humoral and cellular immune reactions against HSP60 work together with classical risk factors to develop and progress atherosclerosis.
501 autoimmune disease
1. Autoimmune reactions against heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP60, may play an important role in the early development of atherosclerosis.
2. HSPs released from necrotic cells in advanced atherosclerotic plaques can stimulate the innate immune response and promote inflammation, attracting more inflammatory cells. This may link HSPs to complications like plaque rupture and thrombosis.
3. Both humoral and cellular immune reactions against HSP60 work together with classical cardiovascular risk factors to promote atherosclerosis and its complications.
06 rencontres biomédicale LIR A Tedgui
Inflammation and immunity play major roles in coronary heart disease and stroke. Measures that induce regulatory T cells, shifting the immune response away from Th1, show promise for treating atherosclerosis. Considering individual immune response diversity could further improve current cardiovascular risk factor treatments.
074 influenza infection effects
1) Influenza infection exerts prominent inflammatory and thrombotic effects on atherosclerotic plaques in aged Apo E-deficient mice. Approximately one third of the mice showed increased plaque inflammation and some died 4-10 days after influenza inoculation.
2) A protocol was tested using cytokines and SPIO nanoparticles to enhance macrophage homing to plaques in Apo E-deficient mice. Mice that received cytokines prior to SPIO injection showed more iron-labeled macrophages in plaques compared to controls.
3) The results suggest that influenza infection exacerbates plaque inflammation in mice and cytokines may account for some of the effects of influenza on atherosclerosis. Longer studies are needed to determine if plaque
Immunità acquisita nelle IBD
This document discusses the role of the immune system, specifically T cells, in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. It provides evidence that T cells play a key role in IBD from studies showing high numbers of T cells in lesion areas, the effects of drugs targeting T cells, and associations with other T cell-mediated diseases. The document also discusses the roles of different cytokines in IBD, how they interact and regulate each other, and how inhibiting specific cytokines can impact the activity of others.
Drnaghavi
1) Influenza infection was found to exert prominent inflammatory and thrombotic effects on atherosclerotic plaques in aged Apo E-deficient mice.
2) About one third of the infected mice showed striking intimal infiltrates in the aorta and most of these mice died or were sacrificed between days 4-10 post infection.
3) Administration of cytokines mimicking influenza infection resulted in greater iron accumulation in macrophage-rich regions of plaques compared to controls, indicating enhanced macrophage homing to plaques.
The prev of inf cells in nonrupt a. plaque pasterkamp- part 2
The prev of inf cells in nonrupt a. plaque pasterkamp- part 2Society for Heart Attack Prevention and Eradication
This document discusses various definitions of arterial remodeling used in post-mortem and intravascular ultrasound research. It notes that the different definitions lead to large variations in reported prevalence numbers for expansive, intermediate, and constrictive remodeling. The definitions are analyzed and some are noted to only be suitable for certain study types. It concludes that careful consideration of the remodeling definition used is needed when reporting prevalences, as without a gold standard or serial studies, the reference sites may not be free of atherosclerotic disease and could be remodeled as well.Flujo de conserva natural
Este documento describe los pasos del proceso de elaboración de conservas naturales, incluyendo la recepción de materias primas, lavado, desinfección, pesado de ingredientes, tratamiento térmico, prueba de sellado, etiquetado, empaque y almacenamiento de los frascos llenos. El proceso tiene como objetivo producir conservas de manera segura y con alta calidad.
Educación virtual Valentín castro
Este documento discute la importancia de adaptar la tecnología para mejorar los procesos interactivos en la formación en línea y aumentar la calidad del aprendizaje. Explica las diferencias entre el trabajo en grupo, cooperativo y colaborativo. Además, señala que los procesos de aprendizaje colaborativo mediados por la tecnología dependen de tres elementos: la situación de aprendizaje, las características del grupo y la tecnología utilizada para apoyar la colaboración.
LIGHTING by Keyani
This document provides an overview of lighting techniques for television production. It discusses key lighting concepts like the properties of light, color temperature, lighting ratios, and how lighting can be used to establish mood, draw attention, and enhance three-dimensional effects. Specific lighting setups are also covered, such as three-point lighting, back lighting, fill lighting, and high-key versus low-key lighting. The document aims to give production staff a working knowledge of lighting fundamentals and instruments.
Leyendo y escribiendo con tics aprendo y me
El documento propone mejorar las habilidades de lectura y escritura de los estudiantes de primer y segundo grado en la Institución Educativa Manuel Murillo Toro utilizando TICs (tecnologías de la información y la comunicación) para hacer las actividades más entretenidas.
Crear Cuenta Gmail
Para crear una cuenta de correo electrónico con Gmail, debes introducir la dirección www.gmail.com en el navegador, hacer clic en el enlace "Apúntate a Gmail" y rellenar los campos solicitados como nombre, apellidos y nombre de usuario con un formato que incluya "blog.nombre1ynombre2".
More Related Content
What's hot
Esv2n15
I. The document summarizes several studies that investigated the role of the immune system, particularly B cells, in atherosclerosis using mouse models.
II. One study found that RAG-1 deficient mice, which lack functional B and T cells, exhibited increased neointimal formation following arterial injury compared to wild type mice. Transferring B cells from wild type mice to RAG-1 deficient mice reduced neointimal formation.
III. Overall, the studies suggest that B cells may play a protective role against atherosclerosis by reducing plaque formation and progression. The mechanism may involve antibodies that target oxidation-specific epitopes, but this requires further investigation.
243 b cell
I. The document summarizes several studies that investigated the role of the immune system, particularly B cells, in atherosclerosis using mouse models.
II. One study found that RAG-1 deficient mice, which lack functional B and T cells, exhibited increased neointimal formation following arterial injury compared to wild type mice. Transferring B cells from wild type mice to RAG-1 deficient mice reduced neointimal formation.
III. Overall, the studies suggest that B cells may play a protective role against atherosclerosis by reducing plaque formation and progression. The mechanism may involve antibodies that target oxidation-specific epitopes, but this requires further investigation.
Autoimmune disease
1. Autoimmune reactions against heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP60, may play an important role in the early development of atherosclerosis.
2. HSPs released from necrotic cells in advanced atherosclerotic plaques can stimulate the innate immune response and promote inflammation, attracting more inflammatory cells. This may link HSPs to complications like plaque rupture or thrombosis.
3. Both humoral and cellular immune reactions against HSP60 work together with classical cardiovascular risk factors to promote atherosclerosis and its complications.
Atherosclerosis an autoimmune disease
1. Autoimmune reactions against heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP60, may play an important role in the early development of atherosclerosis by attracting immune cells into the arterial wall.
2. HSPs released from dying cells in advanced atherosclerotic plaques can stimulate the innate immune response and promote inflammation, attracting more immune cells and linking to complications like plaque rupture.
3. Both humoral and cellular immune responses against HSP60 work together with classical risk factors to develop and progress atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis, an autoimmune disease 2
1. Autoimmune reactions against heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP60, may play an important role in the early development of atherosclerosis.
2. HSPs released from necrotic cells in advanced atherosclerotic plaques can stimulate the innate immune response and promote inflammation, attracting more inflammatory cells. This may link HSPs to complications like plaque rupture and thrombosis.
3. Both humoral and cellular immune reactions against HSP60 work together with classical risk factors to promote atherosclerosis and its progression.
kayleighreport2014
Sickle cell disease patients frequently experience painful episodes known as acute chest syndrome. This study hypothesizes that sickle erythrocytes in the microcirculation cause injury to endothelial cells, resulting in increased production of inflammatory mediators and decreased anti-inflammatory molecules. The study cultured human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells with HbSS peptides (from sickle cell patients) and HbAA peptides (from normal patients). The HbSS peptides stimulated increased production of inflammatory factors like platelet activating factor and leukotrienes compared to HbAA peptides. This supports the hypothesis that sickle erythrocytes cause endothelial cell damage and inflammatory response, contributing to acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease patients.
Aeha multipeptide and passive
This document summarizes research on developing vaccines and passive immunization for atherosclerosis. Key points:
- Antibodies in human plasma bind to oxidized LDL peptide sequences, indicating an immune response against atherosclerosis antigens.
- Active immunization of mice with specific apo B-100 peptide sequences reduced atherosclerosis by up to 70% and shifted plaque composition.
- Passive immunization of mice with human antibodies against two peptides also reduced atherosclerosis and macrophage content in plaques.
- Some human IgM levels against oxidized LDL peptides correlate with severity of atherosclerosis and plaque composition.
- The research suggests certain oxidized LDL peptides could be targets for vaccines or passive immunotherapy to treat atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis an autoimmune disease
1. Autoimmune reactions against heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP60, may play an important role in the early development of atherosclerosis.
2. HSPs released from necrotic cells in advanced atherosclerotic plaques can stimulate the innate immune response and promote inflammation, attracting more inflammatory cells and linking to complications like plaque rupture or thrombosis.
3. Both humoral and cellular immune reactions against HSP60 work together with classical risk factors to develop and progress atherosclerosis.
501 autoimmune disease
1. Autoimmune reactions against heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP60, may play an important role in the early development of atherosclerosis.
2. HSPs released from necrotic cells in advanced atherosclerotic plaques can stimulate the innate immune response and promote inflammation, attracting more inflammatory cells. This may link HSPs to complications like plaque rupture and thrombosis.
3. Both humoral and cellular immune reactions against HSP60 work together with classical cardiovascular risk factors to promote atherosclerosis and its complications.
06 rencontres biomédicale LIR A Tedgui
Inflammation and immunity play major roles in coronary heart disease and stroke. Measures that induce regulatory T cells, shifting the immune response away from Th1, show promise for treating atherosclerosis. Considering individual immune response diversity could further improve current cardiovascular risk factor treatments.
074 influenza infection effects
1) Influenza infection exerts prominent inflammatory and thrombotic effects on atherosclerotic plaques in aged Apo E-deficient mice. Approximately one third of the mice showed increased plaque inflammation and some died 4-10 days after influenza inoculation.
2) A protocol was tested using cytokines and SPIO nanoparticles to enhance macrophage homing to plaques in Apo E-deficient mice. Mice that received cytokines prior to SPIO injection showed more iron-labeled macrophages in plaques compared to controls.
3) The results suggest that influenza infection exacerbates plaque inflammation in mice and cytokines may account for some of the effects of influenza on atherosclerosis. Longer studies are needed to determine if plaque
Immunità acquisita nelle IBD
This document discusses the role of the immune system, specifically T cells, in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. It provides evidence that T cells play a key role in IBD from studies showing high numbers of T cells in lesion areas, the effects of drugs targeting T cells, and associations with other T cell-mediated diseases. The document also discusses the roles of different cytokines in IBD, how they interact and regulate each other, and how inhibiting specific cytokines can impact the activity of others.
Drnaghavi
1) Influenza infection was found to exert prominent inflammatory and thrombotic effects on atherosclerotic plaques in aged Apo E-deficient mice.
2) About one third of the infected mice showed striking intimal infiltrates in the aorta and most of these mice died or were sacrificed between days 4-10 post infection.
3) Administration of cytokines mimicking influenza infection resulted in greater iron accumulation in macrophage-rich regions of plaques compared to controls, indicating enhanced macrophage homing to plaques.
What's hot (13)
Viewers also liked
The prev of inf cells in nonrupt a. plaque pasterkamp- part 2
The prev of inf cells in nonrupt a. plaque pasterkamp- part 2Society for Heart Attack Prevention and Eradication
This document discusses various definitions of arterial remodeling used in post-mortem and intravascular ultrasound research. It notes that the different definitions lead to large variations in reported prevalence numbers for expansive, intermediate, and constrictive remodeling. The definitions are analyzed and some are noted to only be suitable for certain study types. It concludes that careful consideration of the remodeling definition used is needed when reporting prevalences, as without a gold standard or serial studies, the reference sites may not be free of atherosclerotic disease and could be remodeled as well.Flujo de conserva natural
Este documento describe los pasos del proceso de elaboración de conservas naturales, incluyendo la recepción de materias primas, lavado, desinfección, pesado de ingredientes, tratamiento térmico, prueba de sellado, etiquetado, empaque y almacenamiento de los frascos llenos. El proceso tiene como objetivo producir conservas de manera segura y con alta calidad.
Educación virtual Valentín castro
Este documento discute la importancia de adaptar la tecnología para mejorar los procesos interactivos en la formación en línea y aumentar la calidad del aprendizaje. Explica las diferencias entre el trabajo en grupo, cooperativo y colaborativo. Además, señala que los procesos de aprendizaje colaborativo mediados por la tecnología dependen de tres elementos: la situación de aprendizaje, las características del grupo y la tecnología utilizada para apoyar la colaboración.
LIGHTING by Keyani
This document provides an overview of lighting techniques for television production. It discusses key lighting concepts like the properties of light, color temperature, lighting ratios, and how lighting can be used to establish mood, draw attention, and enhance three-dimensional effects. Specific lighting setups are also covered, such as three-point lighting, back lighting, fill lighting, and high-key versus low-key lighting. The document aims to give production staff a working knowledge of lighting fundamentals and instruments.
Leyendo y escribiendo con tics aprendo y me
El documento propone mejorar las habilidades de lectura y escritura de los estudiantes de primer y segundo grado en la Institución Educativa Manuel Murillo Toro utilizando TICs (tecnologías de la información y la comunicación) para hacer las actividades más entretenidas.
Crear Cuenta Gmail
Para crear una cuenta de correo electrónico con Gmail, debes introducir la dirección www.gmail.com en el navegador, hacer clic en el enlace "Apúntate a Gmail" y rellenar los campos solicitados como nombre, apellidos y nombre de usuario con un formato que incluya "blog.nombre1ynombre2".
Complementary Professions? Occupational Therapy and Occupational Health in t...
Complementary Professions? Occupational Therapy and Occupational Health in t...Royal College of Occupational Therapists
The document discusses the potential for collaboration between occupational therapy and occupational health professionals in the emergency services sector. It describes a 10-week placement that an occupational therapist completed in the Hampshire Fire & Rescue Service where they undertook projects in ergonomics, restricted duties frameworks, and work injury prevention. It compares the traditional medical-focused model of occupational health to the more client-centered approach of occupational therapy. It also outlines challenges to collaboration between the professions and strategies for overcoming them, including maintaining clear communication and boundaries.Product Testimonials
This document contains testimonials from various people. The testimonials likely praise and endorse a product or service based on their positive experiences and satisfaction. Overall, the testimonials are meant to promote and convince readers of the quality and benefits of whatever product or service is being described.
DiseñO De Reactores
The document outlines different approaches to reactor design flowsheets from ideal to realistic. It starts with an ideal reactor design flowsheet that considers only chemical and physical data and mathematical models. It then shows a more traditional design that incorporates laboratory, bench, and plant scale tests from semiworks to pilot plants. Finally, it presents a realistic design flowsheet that compares models to actual performance and modifies models based on physical plant data.
Support Dementia: using wearable assistive technology and analysing real-time...
Support Dementia: using wearable assistive technology and analysing real-time...Interactive Technologies and Games: Education, Health and Disability
The document discusses using wearable assistive technology and analyzing real-time data to support dementia patients. It proposes a framework that would allow integration of real-time sensory and contextual data using rule-based Complex Event Processing techniques to infer a dementia patient's medical state in real-time. This could trigger alerts to patients and caregivers about abnormalities detected in behavior, movement or medical conditions. The framework aims to better support dementia patients through intelligent analysis of big data from wearables and sensors.Royale Business Club
This document provides an overview of the Royalè business presentation. It discusses the needs and dreams people have in life and the traditional paths of working for decades and saving for retirement. It then highlights quotes from successful businesspeople recommending network marketing. The document outlines the direct selling structure of Royalè and how independent distributors can earn income through selling products, building a team, and leveraging bonuses. Tables show the potential earnings from product package sales and team building over time on a part-time basis.
Prognostic Indicators and Outcome Measures_4-5
- Several factors influence prognosis and outcomes after stroke including type of stroke, age, pre-morbid health, cognition, incontinence, and psychosocial factors.
- Predictors of improved ambulation include better stand balance and performance on the 6-minute walk test. Predictors of improved upper extremity function include range of motion of the shoulder and ability to extend fingers at 1 month post-stroke.
- When choosing outcome measures it is important to capture information on body function, activity, and participation to assess the full patient profile and prognosis. Commonly used and recommended measures include the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go, and Stroke Impact Scale.
Hybrid - Official Business Presentation
Royale Business Club Official Business Presentation #neogosyo #AsensoTayo2016 #hybridcompensationplan The best and the only in the Philippines. Royale Business Club International #10YearsAfter
Cybercrime Awareness Campaign
The document outlines a creative brief and execution plan for a PDRM cybercrime awareness campaign. The brief discusses the background and objectives of educating the public on cybercrimes occurring in Malaysia like spoofing, phishing, and love scams. The campaign aims to reach young and all internet users through print, outdoor, and television advertising. The execution section details concepts using the idiom "wolf in sheep's clothing" to portray criminals disguising themselves online. Advertisements will have different messages tailored to each medium's audience with the goal of informing the public on how to protect themselves from online deception.
Principles of use of plaster of paris
Guidelines on the use of plaster of paris in fracture management. Quite useful for orthopedic residents, GPs, plaster techs, orthopedic care nurses, rehabilitation physicians, physiotherapists
8 steps for excellent B2B CX (customer experience)
Customer Experience is an increasingly hot topic right now (but like most things) it is far more complex in B2B than it is in B2C, given the length and complexity of the buying process. So what does great CX look like? And how do you set about achieving it? These were questions that we sought to answer as part of our CXcellence report, the findings of which we then unveiled at our November conference.
Viewers also liked (19)
The prev of inf cells in nonrupt a. plaque pasterkamp- part 2
The prev of inf cells in nonrupt a. plaque pasterkamp- part 2
Complementary Professions? Occupational Therapy and Occupational Health in t...
Complementary Professions? Occupational Therapy and Occupational Health in t...
Support Dementia: using wearable assistive technology and analysing real-time...
Support Dementia: using wearable assistive technology and analysing real-time...
8 steps for excellent B2B CX (customer experience)
8 steps for excellent B2B CX (customer experience)
Similar to Towards immune modulation vp
178 vaccination against atherosclerosis
Vaccination against atherosclerosis shows promise as an exciting new therapy. Studies in animal models have found that vaccination against oxidized LDL or specific ApoB-100 peptides can significantly reduce atherosclerosis. This study investigated immunization with novel ApoB-100 peptide sequences in ApoE null mice. It found a 60% reduction in atherosclerotic plaque in the aorta of immunized mice, along with increased collagen content in plaques. While more research is still needed, these results suggest that targeted vaccination against antigens involved in atherosclerosis, such as specific oxidized LDL peptides, could potentially be developed into a novel strategy for preventing heart attacks.
189 hsp 65
1. The document discusses the potential role of heat shock protein 65 (HSP-65) as an autoantigen in the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Several studies have found associations between antibodies to HSP-65 and various measures of atherosclerosis.
2. One study immunized rabbits with the BCG vaccine, which contains HSP-65, and found higher levels of atherosclerotic plaques in immunized rabbits compared to controls. This suggests immunization with HSP-65 can enhance atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits.
3. While HSP-65 may contribute to plaque development and vulnerability, the role of autoantigens in atherosclerosis is complex. Different antigens could be involved
Mark A. Atkinson
The document discusses several myths and misconceptions about type 1 diabetes. It presents evidence that contradicts the ideas that 90% beta cell destruction is needed for diagnosis, that it is solely an autoimmune disease, and that it is a homogeneous disease. It also shows that beta cells can persist long after onset and that obesity is not driving the rise in cases. The document calls for more research using human tissues to better understand the heterogeneity of the disease.
Immunotherapy Web Presentation
The document summarizes immunotherapy approaches for treating cancer patients, including therapeutic vaccines, passive immunotherapy using monoclonal antibodies, and adoptive cell transfer therapy. It discusses antigens targeted by vaccines, types of vaccines like whole cell, peptide, and dendritic cell vaccines, and adjuvants used to stimulate immune responses. It also notes challenges faced by immunotherapy like tumor evasion mechanisms and the need for clinical efficacy data.
Drugs acting on the immune system
The document discusses various types of immunosuppressive drugs used in clinical practice including corticosteroids, cytostatic drugs, immunsuppressive agents like cyclosporine A and tacrolimus, cytokine and cytokine receptor antibodies, and leukopheresis. These drugs act through different mechanisms such as inhibiting T cell activation, cell proliferation, cytokine production and signaling. The document also covers the indications for immunosuppression including inflammation, allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases, and transplantation. It describes the mechanisms, examples and side effects of the main classes of immunosuppressive medications.
inflammation in mice.pdf
This study investigated the brain phenotype of mice with total or partial deficiency of A20, a gene that terminates NF-κB activation and inflammation. The researchers found that total loss of A20 (knockout mice) led to spontaneous neuroinflammation, as shown by reactive gliosis and increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and endothelial activation. Heterozygous mice with partial A20 deficiency also showed an intermediate inflammatory phenotype. These findings suggest A20 plays a key role in maintaining brain homeostasis and controlling inflammation, and its deficiency may sensitize to neurodegenerative diseases.
Immunology 1, 2, 3
The document provides an overview of immunology topics covered in a course, including the immune system and disease, immunopathology, and therapeutic applications. The course covers basics of the immune system, innate and adaptive immunity, cells and molecules of the immune system, and applications like immunization, transplantation, and immunotherapy. Immunopathology topics include immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, hypersensitivity, and malignancies of the immune system. Therapeutic applications focus on immunization, immunomodulation, transplantation, immunosuppression, and replacement therapies.
State of Lupus Treatment: New Therapeutics
This document discusses new therapeutics for the treatment of lupus. It begins by describing two example cases of lupus patients with varying symptoms and disease severity. It then outlines the goals of lupus therapy which are to control disease activity, prevent damage, and prevent flares while also doing no harm through treatment. The document discusses principles of treatment design and different drug options for lupus, including their mechanisms of action and toxicities. It also provides an example of how to prioritize treating different disease manifestations in a case. Finally, it discusses challenges with lupus clinical trials and the recent success of belimumab.
07. immunology
This document summarizes a lecture on immunology. It discusses the components of the immune system including leukocytes, lymphoid tissues, and recognition of self. It describes innate immunity mechanisms like physical barriers and phagocytosis. Adaptive immunity involves humoral responses from B cells and cell-mediated responses from T cells. Immune disorders result from failures to distinguish self from non-self, like in autoimmune diseases, or from immunodeficiency, as in AIDS. The learning outcomes cover the immune system's structures, innate and adaptive immunity differences, innate immunity processes, adaptive immunity features, and immune disorder pathophysiology.
238570.pptx
This document summarizes biologic drugs used to treat various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. It lists several diseases treated with biologics including rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and inflammatory bowel diseases. The document then discusses several biologic drugs, their mechanisms of action, and the cytokines or immune cells they target such as TNF, IL-6, B-cells, and T-cell co-stimulation. It provides information on the indications, mechanisms, efficacy, and safety profiles of biologics that block TNF, IL-6, CD20, CTLA-4, and IL-1. Screening recommendations are also provided for treating latent infections before
Understanding immunology for internists 1
This document outlines the topics that will be covered in a course on immunology, including: the basics of the immune system and disease; immunopathology; and therapeutic applications of immunology. The course will cover the structure and function of the immune system, cells and molecules involved, innate and adaptive immunity, immunodeficiencies, autoimmunity, hypersensitivities, lymphoproliferative diseases, and clinical immunology. References and resources will include lecture notes, textbooks, and online materials.
Ferretti et al., BBI 2016
1. T-cell infiltration is increased in the brains of transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease-like cerebral amyloidosis compared to non-transgenic littermates. However, the infiltrating T-cells do not co-localize with amyloid plaques and produce less of the effector cytokine interferon-gamma.
2. Antigen-presenting cells in the brains of transgenic mice show an immature phenotype with accumulation of MHC-II in intracellular compartments, suggesting impaired antigen presentation.
3. The findings indicate that cerebral amyloidosis promotes T-cell infiltration but interferes with local T-cell activation and antigen presentation, which may contribute to amyloid accumulation in Alzheimer's disease progression.
Common variable immunodeficiency 2017
Common variable immune deficiency (CVID) is the most common and clinically significant primary antibody deficiency. It is defined by low levels of immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and/or IgM and impaired antibody production. Patients present with recurrent infections, autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation or malignancy. While the cause is unknown in most cases, genetic defects have been identified in a minority of patients. Treatment involves immunoglobulin replacement therapy, treatment of infections and complications, and monitoring for associated conditions. Prognosis has improved with treatment but morbidity and mortality remain higher than the general population.
Harats
Dror Harats presents research on a new anti-inflammatory drug called CI-201 for treating atherosclerosis. In preclinical trials, CI-201 reduced progression of atherosclerosis by up to 92% and also showed effectiveness in treating rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis by reducing inflammatory markers. CI-201 works by mimicking oxidized phospholipids to modulate the immune system's inflammatory response. Phase I clinical trials are planned for 2006 to evaluate CI-201's safety and efficacy in humans.
242 lipid lowering
Lipid lowering through dietary changes can reduce oxidative stress and endothelial inflammation in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis. Specifically:
- Rabbits fed an atherogenic diet for 20 months showed accumulation of oxidized LDL and expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) by endothelial cells, compared to baseline levels.
- Rabbits then placed on a low-cholesterol diet for 16 months showed reduced oxidative stress, decreased oxidized LDL and VCAM-1, and improved endothelial cell function and structure.
- The results suggest that lipid lowering may help stabilize plaques by reducing vascular inflammation through decreasing oxidative stress and improving endothelial function.
242 lipid lowering
Lipid lowering through dietary changes can reduce oxidative stress and endothelial inflammation in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis. Specifically:
- Rabbits fed an atherogenic diet for 20 months showed accumulation of oxidized LDL and expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) by endothelial cells, compared to baseline levels.
- Rabbits then placed on a low-cholesterol diet for 16 months showed reduced oxidative stress, decreased oxidized LDL and VCAM-1, and improved endothelial cell function and structure.
- This suggests lipid lowering can decrease vascular inflammation and stabilize plaques by reducing oxidative stress, independent of direct effects on LDL cholesterol levels.
Esv2n37 b
Lipid lowering through dietary changes can reduce oxidative stress and endothelial inflammation in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis. Specifically:
- Rabbits fed an atherogenic diet for 20 months showed accumulation of oxidized LDL and expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) by endothelial cells, compared to baseline levels.
- Rabbits then placed on a low-cholesterol diet for 16 months showed reduced oxidative stress, decreased oxidized LDL and VCAM-1, and improved endothelial function and structure.
- The results suggest that lipid lowering may help stabilize plaques by reducing vascular inflammation through decreasing oxidative stress and improving endothelial function.
Immunosenescence
Immunosenescence refers to the gradual deterioration of the immune system that occurs with natural aging. As people age, their immune systems become less effective at fighting infections due to atrophy of the thymus gland, changes in the function of B and T cells, and a decline in the production of new immune cells from the bone marrow. This aging of the immune system, known as immunosenescence, is associated with increased risk of infectious diseases and inflammation-related conditions like arthritis. While immunosenescence occurs naturally, certain therapies may help enhance immune function in older individuals.
243 b cell
I. The document summarizes several studies that investigated the role of the immune system, particularly B cells, in atherosclerosis using mouse models.
II. One study found that RAG-1 deficient mice, which lack functional B and T cells, exhibited increased neointimal formation following arterial injury compared to wild type mice. Transferring B cells from wild type mice to RAG-1 deficient mice reduced neointimal formation.
III. Overall, the studies suggest that B cells may play a protective role against atherosclerosis by reducing plaque formation and progression. The mechanism may involve antibodies that target oxidation-specific epitopes, but this requires further investigation.
Cellular Adhesion in Inflammation
This document summarizes cellular adhesion molecules that are involved in the inflammatory process. It discusses selectins, integrins, and their roles and ligands in leukocyte trafficking and extravasation from blood vessels into tissues during inflammation. Selectins such as L-selectin, E-selectin, and P-selectin mediate initial tethering and rolling of leukocytes on endothelial cells, while integrins such as LFA-1 and VLA-4 are involved in tight adhesion and transmigration. Diseases associated with deficiencies in these adhesion molecules and attempts to target them therapeutically in human allergic inflammation and diseases like asthma are also summarized.
Similar to Towards immune modulation vp (20)
More from Society for Heart Attack Prevention and Eradication
AHA SHAPE Symposium 2017 Dr. Naghavi Presentation
AHA SHAPE Symposium 2017 Dr. Naghavi PresentationSociety for Heart Attack Prevention and Eradication
This document discusses developing an artificial intelligence system to predict short-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. The goal is to eradicate unexpected heart attacks by predicting risk similar to hurricane forecasts. Existing studies are cited that show over 50% of heart attacks are first symptoms of underlying disease. The document outlines previous work by SHAPE to define vulnerable patients and release guidelines. It proposes using machine learning on existing cohort data to develop algorithms predicting heart attacks within 12 months, and validate the system. The hope is this can trigger preventative actions and add over 10 years to life expectancy. Funding is needed to implement the proposed "Machine Learning Vulnerable Patient Project".AHA SHAPE Symposium 2017 Dr. Kloner Presentation
Triggers of cardiovascular events can include physical and emotional stress. Stress from events like earthquakes, blizzards, intense sporting games, and overexertion from activities like snow shoveling have been shown to increase the risk of acute cardiovascular outcomes like myocardial infarction. While modern therapies have improved cardiovascular health, research continues to show temporary increases in cardiovascular mortality associated with highly emotional sporting events even in recent years. Managing risk factors, reducing stress, and utilizing preventative therapies may help reduce the impact of triggers on cardiovascular health.
AHA SHAPE Symposium 2017 Dr. Greenland Presentation
AHA SHAPE Symposium 2017 Dr. Greenland PresentationSociety for Heart Attack Prevention and Eradication
The document introduces the All of Us Research Program, which aims to collect health data from one million Americans to advance precision medicine research. It was announced by President Obama in 2015. The program receives funding from the federal government and private partners. It collects various types of health data from participants through surveys, health records, samples, and devices. The data is stored and shared securely while protecting privacy. The goal is to generate new medical discoveries and more personalized healthcare through collaboration between researchers and participants.AHA SHAPE Symposium 2017 Dr. Yen Presentation
A machine learning model outperformed the ACC/AHA Pooled Cohort Equations Risk Calculator in detecting high-risk asymptomatic individuals and recommending statin treatment for cardiovascular disease prevention in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. The machine learning model used support vector machines and data augmentation to derive a CVD risk predictor from nine variables in the MESA study population. It demonstrated higher sensitivity, specificity, and AUC compared to the ACC/AHA risk calculator, recommending statin treatment for fewer individuals while missing fewer cardiovascular events.
AHA SHAPE Symposium 2017 Dr. Slomka Presentation
This document discusses machine learning applications in cardiac imaging presented by Piotr Slomka. It describes how machine learning can improve image analysis, diagnosis, and risk prediction. Machine learning combines multiple data points like imaging and clinical data to predict outcomes. Deep learning can perform tasks like image segmentation. Machine learning provides quantitative scores that predict disease, need for intervention, or patient outcomes to help clinicians. The goal is to integrate machine learning into clinical decision making.
Vu lplaque1 pasterkamp
This document summarizes a post-mortem study examining the prevalence of inflammatory cells in non-ruptured atherosclerotic plaques. The study found that moderate or heavy staining for macrophages was present in 45% of femoral artery cross-sections and 84% of femoral arteries had at least one cross-section with moderate/heavy inflammation. There was no observed relationship between the degree of inflammation in the left and right coronary arteries within individuals, indicating the level of local inflammation is locally determined with little predictive value for other arteries.
Vulnerable plaque vulnerable patient
The document provides guidelines for defining vulnerable plaque and vulnerable patients from the Association for Eradication of Heart Attack. It outlines major and minor histopathological and clinical criteria for vulnerable plaque including active inflammation, thin fibrous cap with large lipid core, endothelial denudation, and stenosis. Potential screening and diagnostic methods are discussed at the plaque, systemic, and blood levels ranging from non-invasive imaging to intravascular techniques. Different types of vulnerable plaque that can cause acute coronary events are also categorized.
Vulnerable plaque overview
Vulnerable plaque refers to dangerous forms of atherosclerotic plaques that can rupture or induce thrombosis, disrupting blood flow. The document discusses the history and research around vulnerable plaque, including pioneers in the field and emerging techniques to detect vulnerable plaque such as intravascular ultrasound, optical coherence tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. It summarizes that vulnerable plaques are typically characterized by a thin fibrous cap, large lipid core, and presence of macrophages.
Vulnerable patient talk in poland
The document summarizes research on vulnerable plaques and markers of vulnerability. It finds that ruptured plaques are the most common type of culprit lesion, accounting for around 70% of cases. Major criteria for defining vulnerable plaque include outward remodeling, endothelial dysfunction, and a thin fibrous cap with a large lipid core. Both plaque morphology and activity need to be assessed to identify vulnerability.
Vulnerable patient slides without movies
This document contains a summary of a presentation on vulnerable patient syndrome. It includes PowerPoint slides and videos on defining and identifying vulnerable plaques and patients. It thanks sponsors for their support of the educational event. The slides define vulnerable plaques as those likely to rupture in the future, causing heart attacks, and provide criteria for identifying them based on morphology and activity. Biomarkers and conditions that increase plaque and myocardial vulnerability are also summarized. The presentation outlines a pyramid approach for screening, diagnosing, and treating vulnerable patients annually to help reduce heart attacks and their high costs.
Vulnerable patient mar 04
This document discusses triggers for sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and death (SCD). It notes that over 2/3 of SCD cases are unable to be predicted due to a lack of well-established risk factors. While population risk factors can identify at-risk groups, they cannot predict risk for individuals. The document explores various biological, anatomical, and environmental factors that can precipitate fatal arrhythmias and discusses how the timing of transient initiating events is critical for the development of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. It emphasizes that myocardial electrophysiological processes likely determine the onset or lack of VT/VF/SCD and that immediate access to automated external defibrillators is needed to save lives.
Vulnerable (thrombogenic blood
This document summarizes presentations from symposia on vulnerable plaque and discusses the relationship between plaque, blood, and patients in atherothrombosis. It notes that multiple factors like diabetes, smoking, and hyperlipidemia can make blood more thrombogenic and moderate the severity of acute events after plaque rupture. Statins, aspirin, and other drugs that target tissue factor or thrombin pathways may be promising antithrombotic agents by inhibiting thrombosis initiation and propagation.
Vuln shape aha 2005
The document discusses vulnerable plaque and challenges in detecting and treating it. It describes various imaging techniques for detecting vulnerable plaque such as thermography, MRI, CT angiography, and optical coherence tomography. However, it notes that while these can identify high-risk features, it remains unclear what exactly defines vulnerable plaque and whether imaging findings truly correlate with risk. The document also notes that while statins reduce events, the relationship between plaque burden and events is unclear, and better defining and detecting the disease is still needed before new therapies can be developed.
Vuln plaque poster burke
1) The study examined 92 hearts from patients with severe coronary artery disease who died suddenly. The hearts were sectioned and plaque types were classified.
2) The number of "vulnerable" plaques, particularly thin cap atheromas, was highest in hearts of patients who died from acute plaque rupture and lowest in those with incidental disease.
3) Thin cap atheromas and other unstable plaque types were concentrated in the proximal coronary segments, similar to the distribution of plaque ruptures. The study suggests vulnerable plaques contribute to acute coronary syndromes and are non-uniformly distributed within the coronary arteries.
Vp watch editorial_slide 25short-
1) Drug-coated stents, particularly those coated with sirolimus, have shown promise in reducing restenosis compared to bare metal stents. Sirolimus inhibits cell proliferation and has been shown in studies to reduce intimal hyperplasia and restenosis in animal models by 50% or more.
2) A study by Suzuki et al. found that a sirolimus-coated stent reduced restenosis by 50% through inhibiting cellular proliferation in a dose-dependent manner compared to a bare metal stent. Adding dexamethasone to the coating did not provide additional benefit.
3) If results of the RAVEL clinical trial showing "zero" restenosis out to 5 years
Vp watch editorial_slide25
This document discusses drug-coated stents for preventing restenosis. It summarizes a study showing that stents coated with sirolimus via a polymer matrix reduced restenosis by 50% by inhibiting cell proliferation. Adding dexamethasone provided no additional benefit. Other studies also showed sirolimus inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation. If results of the RAVEL trial showing "zero" restenosis at 210 days hold true long-term, sirolimus-coated stents may become the standard therapy for coronary revascularization. Questions are raised about whether coating vulnerable plaques could be a primary treatment and if multiple vulnerable plaques would all be stented.
Vp watch editorial_slide25short-
1) Drug-coated stents, particularly those coated with sirolimus, have shown promise in reducing restenosis compared to bare metal stents. Sirolimus inhibits cell proliferation and has been shown in studies to reduce intimal hyperplasia and restenosis in animal models by 50% or more.
2) A study by Suzuki et al. found that a sirolimus-coated stent reduced restenosis by 50% through inhibiting cellular proliferation in a dose-dependent manner compared to a bare metal stent. Adding dexamethasone to the coating did not provide additional benefit.
3) If results of the RAVEL clinical trial showing "zero" restenosis out to 5 years
Vp watch2002
I. This document discusses various animal models that have been used to study atherosclerosis and plaque rupture, including quail, pigeons, chickens, dogs, monkeys, pigs, rats, rabbits, and mice. It provides details on the types of lesions developed and similarities to human disease for each model.
II. The double knockout LDL/apoE mice are highlighted as offering improvements in studying clinical complications of atherosclerosis like human heart disease. However, it is unclear how closely they model vulnerable plaques.
III. Questions are raised about how closely the coagulation systems of these animal models resemble humans and whether any model fully captures repeated plaque ruptures and the role of aging in natural history as seen in humans.
Vp symposium31602
Trans-Blood Vision is a patented infrared technique that uses short-wave infrared wavelengths to see directly through blood. It has the potential to find vulnerable plaque lesions without first entering them, determine their size and surface characteristics in high resolution, and look at their material constituents both on and below the surface. While it cannot provide direct visual guidance for therapy or penetrate as deeply as ultrasound, combining it with augmentative technologies could allow for real-time multi-mode detection, analysis, and therapy guidance of vulnerable plaque lesions. The document concludes that Trans-Blood Vision warrants significant investigation, possibly in combination with other emerging technologies.
Vpschoenhagen
This study used intravascular ultrasound to examine arterial remodeling and plaque characteristics in 131 patients with either stable angina or recent unstable symptoms. Patients with unstable presentations had greater plaque burden at the culprit lesion despite similar luminal narrowing, and a greater extent of positive arterial remodeling compared to those with stable angina. The culprit lesions in unstable patients also showed a higher rate of echolucent plaque morphology. This suggests that bulky, remodeled plaques may be more vulnerable to rupture, leading to acute coronary syndromes. Further prospective study is needed to better understand the relationship between clinical presentation and plaque features.
More from Society for Heart Attack Prevention and Eradication (20)
AHA SHAPE Symposium 2017 Dr. Greenland Presentation
AHA SHAPE Symposium 2017 Dr. Greenland Presentation
Recently uploaded
The Electrocardiogram - Physiologic Principles
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptx
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Ketone bodies and metabolism-biochemistry
This slide consists of all the topics of ketone . This can be used for exam purpose for writing about Diabetic keto acidosis etc . Thank you
Top Travel Vaccinations in Manchester
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Do you have abnormal smell after periods? It may be vaginitis. Do not worry, herbal medicine Fuyan Pill can help you get a cure.
Hiranandani Hospital Powai News [Read Now].pdf
Hiranandani Hospital in Powai, Mumbai, is a premier healthcare institution that has been serving the community with exceptional medical care since its establishment. As a part of the renowned Hiranandani Group, the hospital is committed to delivering world-class healthcare services across a wide range of specialties, including kidney transplantation. With its state-of-the-art facilities, advanced medical technology, and a team of highly skilled healthcare professionals, Hiranandani Hospital has earned a reputation as a trusted name in the healthcare industry. The hospital's patient-centric approach, coupled with its focus on innovation and excellence, ensures that patients receive the highest standard of care in a compassionate and supportive environment.
Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.com
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Recently uploaded (20)
Tests for analysis of different pharmaceutical.pptx
Tests for analysis of different pharmaceutical.pptx
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptx
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptx
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Ear and its clinical correlations By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Ear and its clinical correlations By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
Outbreak management including quarantine, isolation, contact.pptx
Outbreak management including quarantine, isolation, contact.pptx
Muscles of Mastication by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Muscles of Mastication by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Towards immune modulation vp
- 1. Towards Immune Modulation against Vulnerable Plaque Göran K Hansson Center for Molecular Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden Vulnerable Plaque Symposium Chicago, IL, November 2002
- 2. Hansson, Libby, Schönbeck & Yan, Circ Res 2002
- 3. Potential targets for immunomodulation of atherosclerosis • Specific antigens – oxLDL, HSP65, β2GpI, microbial • C pneum, CMV, others • Co-stimulatory molecules – CD40/CD40L, CD28/B7 • Cytokines – IFNγ, TNFα (aggravating) – IL-10, TGFβ (protective) • Vaccines • Recombinant proteins • Antibodies • Cells • Small molecule drugs
- 4. Atherosclerosis in the absence of adaptive immunity? (G K Hansson & J Nilsson, in: Crawford & DiMarco, Cardiology)
- 5. CD4+ T cells aggravate atherosclerosis in immunodeficient apoExSCID mice * ApoE- SCID ApoE- T and B cells No CD4+ T Yes transfer Aortic lesion size Zhou, Nicoletti, Elhage & Hansson Circ 102:2919 2000 ApoE- SCID
- 6. Immunosuppression to reduce CD4+ T cell activity? • General immunosuppression is likely to reduce atherosclerosis – Some support from animal studies • But substantial side effects – Infections – Direct vascular effects of drugs • Therefore, general immunosuppression is unlikely to be used to treat atherosclerosis or even vulnerable plaque
- 7. Complexity of immune regulatory networks • Counterbalancing cell subsets • Idiotypic antibody networks • Regulatory cytokines
- 8. The Th1/Th2 Paradigm Th IL-12 MHC Peptide TCRTCR IFN-γ IL-18 Th1 IFN-γ MΦ IFN-γ B Ab DTH InflammationAPC APC Th IL-4 Th2Th2 B IL-3, 5 IL-4 IL-10 IL-13 - IL-4, 10, 13 Antibodies Allergy
- 9. Hypothesis: Th1/Th2 balance controls atherosclerosis – Th1 cells dominate in lesions and are proatherogenic • CD4+ Th1 cells (Hansson 89; Uyemura 96; Frostegård 99) • Interferon-γ, TNF-α; IL-12, IL-18 (Zhou 00; Mallat 01; Daugherty 01) –Th2 cytokines that inhibit Th1 may be antiatherogenic? – IL-10-/- B6 mice develop larger fatty streaks – IL-10 administration reduces disease » Mallat et al; Pinderski et al. 99
- 10. Increased atherosclerosis in IL-10 deficient apoE-/- mice IL10-/- E-/- IL10+/+ E-/- Caligiuri, Hansson, Rudling, Michel, Nicoletti 2002 * 100 50 Lesion size (x 103 µm2) in 16 wks old mice
- 11. Antiatherosclerotic cytokines - useful for therapy? • Powerful, direct approach • Recombinant cytokines available • But these cytokines are usually immunosuppressive / antiinflammatory, therefore – Increased sensitivity to infections – Cytokine-specific side effects • E.g. TGFβ – fibrosis • Therefore, these cytokines might be useful in acute coronary syndromes, • although not in chronic atherosclerosis
- 12. Inflammation Repair Innate immunity / TLRs Adaptive Th1 immunity IFN-γ TNF-α, IL-1 Inhibitory cytokines Cells? IL-10 TGF-β Ab? Accelerated athero Plaque activation Reduced athero Stable plaque Silent disease Immune regulation of plaque activity
- 13. B cells of atherosclerotic mice carry atheroprotective immunity 0 50 100 150 200 250 Sham Sx Sx Sx Transfer - - T B * * ‡ ‡ Lesionsize Caligiuri et al, JCI 109:745, 2002 ApoE mice Sx, trf 6 wk age Analysis 18 wk
- 14. Atheroprotective immunity • Carried by spleen B cells • Reduces lesion size and stage • Reduces CD4+ T cell infiltration in lesions • Correlates with anti-oxLDL antibodies • Protective effect of antibodies? – Clearance of oxLDL?
- 15. Protective immunity against atherosclerosis • Can we induce it by immunization? • A vaccination strategy against atherosclerosis?
- 16. Protective immunization 1. Oxidized LDL Parenteral immunization (sc) Model: Mutant rabbits, mice Antigen: OxLDL, MDA-LDL Freund´s adjuvant Repeated inj 3 wk intervals Significant protection after 3 months! Palinski PNAS 95; Ameli ATVB 96; George Athero 99; Zhou ATVB 00
- 17. MDA-LDL ”vaccination” reduces atherosclerosis Immunogen (PBS) Plaque MDA-LDL extract ApoE-/- mice Immun wk 6 / FCA Boost wk 8,10,12,14 Analysis wk 18 Zhou et al, ATVB 2000
- 18. Protective immunization 2. Heat shock protein 65/60 • HSP60 released upon cell injury and in atherosclerosis – Wick, Xu et al. 1992 • HSP65/60 X-reacts man-microbe • Mucosal administration of HSP65 – Nasal, oral • Reduced lesions in LDLR mice – Maron, Libby, Weiner, Circ 2002 – Harats, Shoenfeld, George, JACC 2002
- 19. Inflammation Repair Innate immunity / TLRs Adaptive Th1 immunity IFN-γ TNF-α, IL-1 Inhibitory cytokines Protective B cells IL-10 TGF-β Ab? MΦ activation Endothelial activation Radicals Proteinases Prothrombotic state Antiinflammation Fibrosis SMC proliferation Antibody clearance Immune regulation of plaque activity Vaccine
- 20. Small molecule drugs that modulate athero-immunity • Pentoxifyllin – Inhibits Th1 immune responses – Inhibits atherosclerosis in mice • Laurat et al Circ 2001 • Statins – Inhibit Th1 responses! • Kwak Nat Med 2000; Youssef Nature 2002 – Inhibit atherosclerosis in mice and men
- 21. Statins inhibit Th1 immunity • Downregulate interferon-γ induced HLA-II transcription in macrophages – Kwak, Mach et al, Nature Med 2000 • Inhibit Th1 signalling • Increase Th2 cytokines • Inhibit autoimmune encephalomyelitis – Youssef, Steinman et al, Nature 2002
- 22. Inflammation Repair Innate immunity / TLRs Adaptive Th1 immunity IFN-γ TNF-α, IL-1 Inhibitory cytokines Protective B cells IL-10 TGF-β Ab MΦ activation Endothelial activation Radicals Proteinases Prothrombotic state Antiinflammation Fibrosis SMC proliferation Antibody clearance Immune modulation of vulnerable plaque Vaccines Drugs