Challenges Towards a Food and Nutrition Secure Future:-Food Systems Approach to Kenyan Situation
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The presentation aims at generating a discourse for finding a lasting food and nutrition security for smallholder farmers. I have proposed "Sustainable Intensification" of family farming as the future basis for food and nutrition security for the larger Kenyan Population. Be critical and lets discuss.
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Challenges Towards a Food and Nutrition Secure Future:-Food Systems Approach to Kenyan Situation
- 1. Challenges Towards a Food and Nutrition Secure Buoga Jared Omondi – Executive Director, Tembea Academia Engelberg Conference 16th – 17th October 2014 Future:- Food Systems Approach to Kenyan Situation
- 2. Kenya Country Brief. 75-80% Rural Population – with approx. 0.2Ha of arable and permanent cropland per inhabitant Life expectancy Youthful Population of 40 million people in 2009 census 3.0% Annual Population growth rate
- 3. Kenya Country – Food Security Situation • Pastoral areas in the northern and eastern Kenya experienced low Precipitation and high temps in period preceding Jan 2014 – hence passed from stress (IPC 2) to crisis (IPC 3) Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWSNET) updates on IPC reports show that most of the country is in Phase 2 (stressed) • FEWSNET indicated low cereal harvest below long-term averages in central and Western Kenya
- 4. Food System Outcomes • Environmental Health FEWSNET 2010 reports that Kenya’s critical surplus growing areas in Central Kenya are threatened, and the amount of prime arable land could diminish substantially. Opening and settlement of forest diversity is on the rise as a result of pressures on available arable land. “Tana Delta - Land grab” emergence – long term land lease for biofuels.
- 5. Food System Outcomes Food and Nutrition Security KDHS2008-09 - 7% of the U5 children are wasted and 16% are underweight. Stunting in children stand at 46% for children aged 18- 23months. On flip side, Zariba et al 2009 indicate that there is a growing obese women population among the urban poor/rich in Kenya. Urban accounting for 38% whereas Rural 18%.
- 6. Food System Outcomes • Social Well-being The future of Agriculture and food systems in the RURAL appears bleak as the production system is predominantly old population especially women. This brings GENDER PARITY issues in food systems matrix – and its critical role in food systems at the grassroots.
- 7. Contributors to undesirable outcomes Boundary Conditions: • Encroachment and destruction of natural capital – biodiversity decline=food insecurity • Climate information dissemination barriers • Low Budgetary Allocation on Agriculture by the National Government • Unfavorable market environment for smallholder farmers. • High cost of farm inputs (fertilizer and seeds) • Low appropriate technological know-how - breeding, adaptation to climate change,
- 8. What’s the future now?? • Family Farming – small holder sustainable intensification? …….pathway strives to utilize the existing land to produce greater yields, better nutrition and higher net incomes while reducing over reliance on pesticides and fertilizers and lowering emissions of harmful greenhouse gases. (Montpellier Report 2013)
- 9. Opportunities for Intervention ACCESSIBILITY OF INPUTS AND CREDIT DOMESTC RESEARCH AND INNOVATION APPROPRIATE AND EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND CAPACITY BUILDING – AND SHARING THE EXPERTISE PROCESSES INCREASED INVESTMENT IN RURAL AGRIC MARKET SYSTEMS AND LINKAGES Source: Montepellier Panel report 2013
- 10. Case Study NUTRIENT CYCLING • Get a deeper understanding of Kenya’s perspective of food and nutrition security efforts from the Civil Society Organization and Government • Explore with us solutions for global challenges at local scale.
- 11. Thank you Tembea Youth Centre for Sustainable Development buogager@gmail.com www.tembea.org
Editor's Notes
- Agricultural system---contrary to food systems..
- Basic Information About Kenya (can be referred when describing Kenya) The country lies overhead the equator, with two distinct regions: the lowlands, including coastal and lake basin lowlands, and the highlands – extending on both sides of the Rift Valley. Approximately 80% of the country is arid and semi arid lands. Climatic and agro-ecological extremes vary with altitude, ranging from sea-level to over 5000 m in the highlands. Rainfall and temperatures are influenced by altitude and proximity to the lakes or the ocean, thus, annual rainfall ranges from less than 200 mm in the arid and semi arid areas (ASALs) to more that 2000 mm in the highlands, with high agricultural potentials (Orodho, 2006).
- Analysis of food security is based on the Integrated Food security Phase Classification (IPC) . IPC is a set of tools and procedures (protocols) to classify severity of food insecurity and provide actionable knowledge for decision support (FAO, 2009). IPC consolidates evidence on food-insecure people to provide core answers about: How severe is the situation? Where are the areas that are food insecure? How many people are food insecure? Who are the food insecure people in terms of socio-economic characteristics? Why are the people food insecure? Pastoralism – explained.
- Emergence of Land grab and FDI Ecosystem services such as pollination, climate regulation, water provision,
- The Kenya Demographic Heath Survey (KDHS) for 2008-09 indicated that 7% of the under 5 are wasted and 16% are underweight. Abdhala K Zariba, of African Population and Health Research Centre (APHRC), in Nairobi, found out that 38% of urban women are becoming obese! Overweight and obesity are on the rise in Africa and might take epidemic proportions in the near future
- Indigenous knowledge tapping?? Why youths are not involved. Rights to Land and Water - - Women and Gender roles
- Kenya leads the world in mobile money, with more active accounts than adults in its population. The total value of transactions made by mobile phone in 2013 was around $24 billion, more than half the country’s GDP. The leading mobile payment system in Kenya, M-PESA, was launched in 2007 – Tembea is using mobile money as a platform for sustainable financial deepening and acquisition of essential farm inputs at affordable rates. Provision of appropriate technologies such as “small tractors” is essential in sweetening agriculture for youths. Application of RS and GIS applications in Agriculture and food security, especially for small holder farming communities (case example of Tembea and proposed CILSD). Research, Innovation and application (case example of Tembea efforts).
- Basis for workshops..