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[object Object],The Mechanics of Accounting
Learning Objective 1 ,[object Object]
What Are the Different Exchange Transactions? Exchange Transactions
Business Documents ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is the Sequence of the Accounting Cycle? Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4
Learning Objective 2 ,[object Object]
Step 1: Analyze Transactions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Transaction analysis framework ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What Is the Accounting Equation?
A  =  L  +  OE Describe Effect of the Following Transactions on a Company Borrow money Invest in company Pay off a note Purchase equipment Borrow funds to settle a debt
What Is the Rule of Double-Entry Accounting?
[object Object],[object Object],Using Accounts Name of Account Debit Credit
Using a T-Account 35 12 The cash account has a beginning balance of $35.  A check for $12 is written to pay for supplies.  Using a T-account, what is the ending balance of the cash account? Cash 23
Debits and Credits ,[object Object],Credits  are simply entries on the right. Remember:
Explain How Debits and Credits Work  Assets = Liabilities + Owners’ Equity
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Expanding the Equation
Draw the Expanded Accounting Equation
Learning Objective 3 ,[object Object]
Step 2: Record Transactions ,[object Object],[object Object],What is another name for the journal?
Step 2: Record Transactions ,[object Object],[object Object],General Journal Entry Format : Date Debit Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx Credit Entry . . . . . . . . . . . .  xx Explanation.
Journal Entries ,[object Object],[object Object],2 3
Example 1:  Journal Entry Supplies purchased for $25 are  purchased “on account.” Prepare the correct journal entry. What do we mean by purchased “on account?”
Example 2:  Journal Entry A check for $100 is received in  payment for services rendered.  Make the correct journal entry.
Example 3:  Journal Entry Merchandise is sold to a customer  on account for $75.  The cost of the  product was $60.  Make the journal entries.
Journal 1  Page 1 Date Transaction Ref. Debits Credits Jan. 1 Supplies   25  Accounts Payable 25   Purchased supplies on account. Feb. 1 Cash  101 100  Revenue 100   Received cash for services. Mar. 1 Accounts Receivable   75  Sales Revenue 75   Sold merchandise on account. Entered when posted to ledger.
Learning Objective 4 ,[object Object]
Step 3: Posting Journal Entries and Preparing a Trial Balance   Define the Following Terms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
General Ledger Date Explanation  Ref.   Debits Credits Balance Jan. 1 Balance 100  2 Issued 100 shares of capital stock at $10 per share  GJ1 1,000 1,100  3 Purchased equipment  GJ1 300  800  4 Sold inventory  GJ1 60 860  5 Monthly payment on loan  GJ1 230  630  6  Revenue  GJ1 2,500 3,130   ACCOUNT:  Cash Account No. 101
Chart of Accounts ASSETS (100-199): Current Assets (100-150): 101  Cash 105  Accounts Receivable 107  Inventory Long-Term Assets (151-199 ): 151  Land 152  Buildings LIABILITIES (200-299): Current Liabilities  (200-219): 201  Notes Payable 202  Accounts Payable Long-Term Liabilities  (220-239): 222  Mortgage Payable OWNERS’ EQUITY (300-399): 301  Capital Stock 330  Retained Earnings SALES (400-499): 400  Sales Revenue EXPENSES (500-599): 500  Cost of Goods Sold 501  Sales Salaries and Commissions 523  Rent Expense 528  Advertising Expense 573  Utilities Expense 579  Accounting and Legal Fees
Determining Account Balances ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Do you see the mnemonic memory device, DEAD COIL? Name of Account D ebit C redit Accounts with typical debit balances are? Accounts with typical credit balances are? An account’s  balance is usually  on the side that  increases the  account. It is  referred to as the “ Normal Balance.”
Define The Trial Balance What is the Trial Balance used for?
The Example Company Trial Balance December 31, 2006 Debits Credits Cash $  21 Accounts Receivable 15 Inventory 12 Land 200 Accounts Payable $  30 Capital Stock 150 Retained Earnings 24 Sales Revenue 919 Cost of Goods Sold 850 Advertising Expense 10 Miscellaneous Expenses   15 ______ Total $ 1,123 $ 1,123 Sample Trial Balance
Learning Objective 5 ,[object Object]
List Advantages of Computers
List Disadvantages of Computers
End Chapter 3

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Topic 4 The Mechanics Of Accounting

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3. What Are the Different Exchange Transactions? Exchange Transactions
  • 4.
  • 5. What is the Sequence of the Accounting Cycle? Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. What Is the Accounting Equation?
  • 9. A = L + OE Describe Effect of the Following Transactions on a Company Borrow money Invest in company Pay off a note Purchase equipment Borrow funds to settle a debt
  • 10. What Is the Rule of Double-Entry Accounting?
  • 11.
  • 12. Using a T-Account 35 12 The cash account has a beginning balance of $35. A check for $12 is written to pay for supplies. Using a T-account, what is the ending balance of the cash account? Cash 23
  • 13.
  • 14. Explain How Debits and Credits Work Assets = Liabilities + Owners’ Equity
  • 15.
  • 16. Draw the Expanded Accounting Equation
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21. Example 1: Journal Entry Supplies purchased for $25 are purchased “on account.” Prepare the correct journal entry. What do we mean by purchased “on account?”
  • 22. Example 2: Journal Entry A check for $100 is received in payment for services rendered. Make the correct journal entry.
  • 23. Example 3: Journal Entry Merchandise is sold to a customer on account for $75. The cost of the product was $60. Make the journal entries.
  • 24. Journal 1 Page 1 Date Transaction Ref. Debits Credits Jan. 1 Supplies 25 Accounts Payable 25 Purchased supplies on account. Feb. 1 Cash 101 100 Revenue 100 Received cash for services. Mar. 1 Accounts Receivable 75 Sales Revenue 75 Sold merchandise on account. Entered when posted to ledger.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27. General Ledger Date Explanation Ref. Debits Credits Balance Jan. 1 Balance 100 2 Issued 100 shares of capital stock at $10 per share GJ1 1,000 1,100 3 Purchased equipment GJ1 300 800 4 Sold inventory GJ1 60 860 5 Monthly payment on loan GJ1 230 630 6 Revenue GJ1 2,500 3,130 ACCOUNT: Cash Account No. 101
  • 28. Chart of Accounts ASSETS (100-199): Current Assets (100-150): 101 Cash 105 Accounts Receivable 107 Inventory Long-Term Assets (151-199 ): 151 Land 152 Buildings LIABILITIES (200-299): Current Liabilities (200-219): 201 Notes Payable 202 Accounts Payable Long-Term Liabilities (220-239): 222 Mortgage Payable OWNERS’ EQUITY (300-399): 301 Capital Stock 330 Retained Earnings SALES (400-499): 400 Sales Revenue EXPENSES (500-599): 500 Cost of Goods Sold 501 Sales Salaries and Commissions 523 Rent Expense 528 Advertising Expense 573 Utilities Expense 579 Accounting and Legal Fees
  • 29.
  • 30. Define The Trial Balance What is the Trial Balance used for?
  • 31. The Example Company Trial Balance December 31, 2006 Debits Credits Cash $ 21 Accounts Receivable 15 Inventory 12 Land 200 Accounts Payable $ 30 Capital Stock 150 Retained Earnings 24 Sales Revenue 919 Cost of Goods Sold 850 Advertising Expense 10 Miscellaneous Expenses 15 ______ Total $ 1,123 $ 1,123 Sample Trial Balance
  • 32.
  • 33. List Advantages of Computers