MORALITY OF HUMAN ACTS
Human Acts
Acts of Man
Basic Element of Human Acts
• Types of Voluntariness
Major Determinants of the Morality of Human Acts
Four Types of Circumstances
Specific Types of Circumstances
Modifiers of Human Acts
1) Ignorance
• Types of Ignorance
2) Passion
3) Fear
Act done ‘with’ fear
Act done ‘out’ of fear
4) Violence
5) Habit
Drug Scenario in the Philippines
Common Concepts in Drug Education
Risk and Protective Factors of Drug Use, Misuse and Abuse
Six Classifications of Drugs
Drug Abuse Treatment
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
Explain the relationship between individual acts and character;
Identify and articulate each stage of moral development.
MORALITY OF HUMAN ACTS
Human Acts
Acts of Man
Basic Element of Human Acts
• Types of Voluntariness
Major Determinants of the Morality of Human Acts
Four Types of Circumstances
Specific Types of Circumstances
Modifiers of Human Acts
1) Ignorance
• Types of Ignorance
2) Passion
3) Fear
Act done ‘with’ fear
Act done ‘out’ of fear
4) Violence
5) Habit
Drug Scenario in the Philippines
Common Concepts in Drug Education
Risk and Protective Factors of Drug Use, Misuse and Abuse
Six Classifications of Drugs
Drug Abuse Treatment
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
Explain the relationship between individual acts and character;
Identify and articulate each stage of moral development.
These slides are for an Introduction to Philosophy course at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, BC, Canada. They cover chapters 1, 2 and 5 of Mill's text called Utilitarianism. There is also a slide towards the end distinguishing act and rule utilitarianism.
Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person - Introduction to PhilosophyJuan Miguel Palero
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Western ideologies typically define "the self" as an individual entity separate from that of others. Eastern ideologies, or Oriental thought, posit that "the self" is an illusion, and that we are all interconnected. In Hinduism, "the self" is described by the relationship between Brahman and Atman.
Do you fear death? Have you ever wondered about death and what comes after it? Philosophers have their answers but man still has yet to tell the story of the other side,
Norm
Norm of Morality
• Types of norm:
Eternal Divine Law
Human Reason
Law as the object norm of morality
• General Notion of Law
o Law of Nature
o Natural Law
Moral Law
o Essential Elements for a Law to be Reasonable:
• Divisions of Law
o Eternal Law
The Natural Moral Law
Law of Conscience
i. Attributes of the Natural Law
ii. The Contents of Natural Law
Formal norms
Material norms
Human Positive Law
Law as the subject norm of morality
Conscience
• Conscience as an Act of Intellect
(Judgement of Reason)
• Conscience as a Practical Moral Judgement
• Conscience as the Proximate Norm of Morality
• Kinds of Conscience
i. Correct or True Conscience
ii. Erroneous of False conscience
Invincibly erroneous conscience
Vincibly erroneous conscience
Perplexed conscience
Pharisaical conscience
i. Certain Conscience
ii. Doubtful Conscience
iii. Scrupulous Conscience
iv. Lax Conscience
These slides are for an Introduction to Philosophy course at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, BC, Canada. They cover chapters 1, 2 and 5 of Mill's text called Utilitarianism. There is also a slide towards the end distinguishing act and rule utilitarianism.
Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person - Introduction to PhilosophyJuan Miguel Palero
This is a powerpoint presentation that discusses about one of the core subjects in the k-12 curriculum of the Senior High School: Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person. On this presentation, it discusses about the definition, history and nature of the philosophy.
Western ideologies typically define "the self" as an individual entity separate from that of others. Eastern ideologies, or Oriental thought, posit that "the self" is an illusion, and that we are all interconnected. In Hinduism, "the self" is described by the relationship between Brahman and Atman.
Do you fear death? Have you ever wondered about death and what comes after it? Philosophers have their answers but man still has yet to tell the story of the other side,
Norm
Norm of Morality
• Types of norm:
Eternal Divine Law
Human Reason
Law as the object norm of morality
• General Notion of Law
o Law of Nature
o Natural Law
Moral Law
o Essential Elements for a Law to be Reasonable:
• Divisions of Law
o Eternal Law
The Natural Moral Law
Law of Conscience
i. Attributes of the Natural Law
ii. The Contents of Natural Law
Formal norms
Material norms
Human Positive Law
Law as the subject norm of morality
Conscience
• Conscience as an Act of Intellect
(Judgement of Reason)
• Conscience as a Practical Moral Judgement
• Conscience as the Proximate Norm of Morality
• Kinds of Conscience
i. Correct or True Conscience
ii. Erroneous of False conscience
Invincibly erroneous conscience
Vincibly erroneous conscience
Perplexed conscience
Pharisaical conscience
i. Certain Conscience
ii. Doubtful Conscience
iii. Scrupulous Conscience
iv. Lax Conscience
I. Basic Concepts
Ethics define
- Human Act vs Act of Man
- Essential Elements of Human Act
- Determinants of Morality
- Modifiers of Human Act
- Norms of Morality
II. Rules
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Slide 1: Title: Exploring the Mindfulness: Understanding Its Benefits
Slide 2: Introduction to Mindfulness
Mindfulness, defined as the conscious, non-judgmental observation of the present moment, has deep roots in Buddhist meditation practice but has gained significant popularity in the Western world in recent years. In today's society, filled with distractions and constant stimuli, mindfulness offers a valuable tool for regaining inner peace and reconnecting with our true selves. By cultivating mindfulness, we can develop a heightened awareness of our thoughts, feelings, and surroundings, leading to a greater sense of clarity and presence in our daily lives.
Slide 3: Benefits of Mindfulness for Mental Well-being
Practicing mindfulness can help reduce stress and anxiety levels, improving overall quality of life.
Mindfulness increases awareness of our emotions and teaches us to manage them better, leading to improved mood.
Regular mindfulness practice can improve our ability to concentrate and focus our attention on the present moment.
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Mindfulness teaches us how to be present for others in difficult times, leading to increased compassion and understanding.
Slide 6: Mindfulness Techniques and Practices
Focusing on the breath and mindful breathing can be a simple way to enter a state of mindfulness.
Body scan meditation involves focusing on different parts of the body, paying attention to any sensations and feelings.
Practicing mindful walking and eating involves consciously focusing on each step or bite, with full attention to sensory experiences.
Slide 7: Incorporating Mindfulness into Daily Life
You can practice mindfulness in everyday activities such as washing dishes or taking a walk in the park.
Adding mindfulness practice to daily routines can help increase awareness and presence.
Mindfulness helps us become more aware of our needs and better manage our time, leading to balance and harmony in life.
Slide 8: Summary: Embracing Mindfulness for Full Living
Mindfulness can bring numerous benefits for physical and mental health.
Regular mindfulness practice can help achieve a fuller and more satisfying life.
Mindfulness has the power to change our perspective and way of perceiving the world, leading to deeper se
The Good News, newsletter for June 2024 is hereNoHo FUMC
Our monthly newsletter is available to read online. We hope you will join us each Sunday in person for our worship service. Make sure to subscribe and follow us on YouTube and social media.
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The texts are in English.
For the Video with audio narration, comments and texts in English, please check out the Link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zF2g_43NEa0
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In Jude 17-23 Jude shifts from piling up examples of false teachers from the Old Testament to a series of practical exhortations that flow from apostolic instruction. He preserves for us what may well have been part of the apostolic catechism for the first generation of Christ-followers. In these instructions Jude exhorts the believer to deal with 3 different groups of people: scoffers who are "devoid of the Spirit", believers who have come under the influence of scoffers and believers who are so entrenched in false teaching that they need rescue and pose some real spiritual risk for the rescuer. In all of this Jude emphasizes Jesus' call to rescue straying sheep, leaving the 99 safely behind and pursuing the 1.
2. A. Definition of the Human Act
A human act is an ACT WHICH PROCEEDS FROM THE
DELIBERATE FREE WILL OF MAN.
Ethics employs the term in a stricter sense, and calls
HUMAN only those acts that are proper to man as man.
Man is more than animal: he is rational, i.e., he has
understanding and free will.
3. A. Definition of the Human Act
Man’s animal acts of sensation ( use of the senses ) and appetition
(bodily tendencies) , as well as acts performs indeliberately or without
advertence and the exercise of free choice are called ACT OF MAN
Acts of man maybe sometimes become a human acts by the
advertence and consent of the human agent (agent is meant the one
who does or performs an act).
If I hear words of blasphemy as I walk along the street, my act of
hearing is an act of man; but the act becomes a human act if I
deliberately pay attention and listen.
4. A. Definition of the Human Act
Ethics is not concerned with acts of man, but only with human acts.
Human acts are…
1. Moral act
2. Responsible – worthy of praise or blame; reward or punishment
3. Forms a habit (repeating again and again)
4. Character (perfection of habit)
5. B. Classification of Human Acts
Human acts may be classified under the
following:
1. THEIR COMPLETE OR ADEQUATE
CAUSE;
2. THEIR RELATION TO THE DICTATES OF
REASON
6. B. 1. Adequate Cause of Human Act
Human acts have their source in man’s free rational nature, there are
some act that BEGIN AND ARE PERFECTED in the will itself, and the
rest BEGIN IN THE WILL AND ARE PERFECTED BY OTHER FACULTIES
under control of the will.
1. Elicited acts – some human acts find their adequate cause in the
will alone.
2. Commanded acts – do not find their adequate cause in the simple
will-act, but are perfected by the action of or bodily powers under
the control of the will (under orders from the will).
7. B. 1. 1. Elicited Acts
1. Wish – the simple love of anything; the first tendency of the will
towards a thing, whether this things be realizable or not.
2. Intention – the purposive tendency of the will towards a thing regarded
as realizable, whether the thing is actually done or not.
3. Consent – the acceptance by the will of the means necessary to carry
out intention. It is a further intention of doing what is necessary to
realize the first or main purpose.
4. Election – the selection by the will of the precise means to be
employed in carrying out an intention.
5. Use – the employment by the will of powers (body, mind or both) to
carry out its intention by the means elected.
6. Fruition – the enjoyment of a thing willed and done; the will’s act of
satisfaction in intention fulfilled.
8. B. 1. 2. Commanded Acts
1. Internal – acts done by the internal mental powers under
command of the will. (effort to remember; effort to control anger)
2. External – acts effected by bodily powers under command of the
will. (deliberate walking, eating, writing)
3. Mixed – acts that involve the employment of bodily powers and
mental powers. (Study – use of intellect (internal) and use of eyes
in reading the lesson (external))
9. B. 2. The Relation of Human Acts to Reason
Human acts are either IN AGREEMENT
or IN DISAGREEMENT with the dictates
of reason, and this relation with reason
constitutes their MORALITY.
10. B. 2. The Relation of Human Acts to Reason
Human acts are …
1. Good – when they are in harmony with the
dictates of right reason
2. Evil – when they are in opposition to the dictates
3. Indifferent – when they stand in no positive
relation to the dictates of reason.
11. C. Constituents of the Human Acts
In order that an act be HUMAN it must
posses three essential qualities: it must
be KNOWING, FREE AND VOLUNTARY.
12. C. Constituents of the Human Acts
1. Knowledge – A human act proceeds from the deliberate will; it
requires deliberation (advertence or knowledge in the intellect of
what one is about and what this means)
2. Freedom – A human act is an act determined (elicited or
commanded) by the will and by nothing else (under control of the
will or free act: every human act must be free)
3. Voluntariness – came from the Latin word VOLUNTAS or will.
Human act must have voluntariness or will-act. There must be
knowledge and freedom in the agent.
13. 1. Give 10 examples of Human Act and 10 examples Acts of Man.
2. Differentiate Elicited and Commanded Acts. Give at least 1
examples each.
3. What is your understanding of this famous dictum…
“ A man is what his human acts make him”