Tooling Equipment Terminology Training

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
PremiumPlant Services
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
Dubuque/Cascade Service Center pg. 1
This training form will cover the tooling and equipment that is used at Premium Plant Services. With
this form, we can give our current technicians and new hires an in-depth description, along with terminology
behind the tooling and equipment we use. The goal behind this training form is to help each technician and new
hire to further their knowledge and understanding of the tooling and equipment we use. After this training form
is completed each technician and new hire should be able to identify the tooling and equipment used by
Premium Plant Services. The long-term goal is that with further knowledge and understanding we can reduce
the risks and hazards that are introduced by using the tooling and equipment.
Tooling & Equipment:
Pumps:
 10k Pumps:
1. The use of a 4215-HF-UNx-Fluid End allows a pump to be transferred into a 10k pump, (ALL PUMPS
ARE DIESEL). With this fluid end model, different stuffing boxes, valves and manifold are used that differ
from the fluid ends used to transfer a pump into a 20k pump. When a #15 plunger, (1.500 inches in
diameter), and a #15 packing set is used with this type of fluid end at max. of 325 HP, a working pressure of
10,000 psi can be reached. With a max. working pressure of 10,000 psi, and a max flow rate of 50.4 GPM.
2. A Bypass Valve for a 10k pump allows a portion of the pump flow to the low-pressure outlet, it is used on
both diesel and electric pumps. For diesel pumps it is used to prevent the engine from bogging down when
using flows at the minimum a pump can produce. The bypass valve is adjusted by hand, this allows the
operator to increase or decrease pressure when needed. All 10k bypass valves are mounted to the fluid end
manifold, it has an inlet connection that is a ½-inch NPT female. The low-pressure outlet connection is ½ -
inch NPT female. The max. operating pressure is 15,000 psi.
3. There is a Pressure Gauge that is mounted on the top of the 10k fluid end manifold by ½-inch NPT male
threads. This gauge allows the operator to see how much pressure is being built by the pump. With a four
inch, high visibility face with laminated safety glass dial cover, it will allow the operator to safely reach
optimal running pressures without exceeding the max. pressure of 15,000 psi. The pressure gauge has a
scale that ranges from 0-30,000 psi and is accurate within +/-0.5% of full scale range with graduations of
200 psi. Along with a stainless-steel case, fittings, internals, the inside of the gauge is protected by a
glycerin liquid that helps reduce vibration and pulsation.
 20k Pumps:
1. The use of a 4220-UNx-Fluid End allows a pump to be used transferred into a 20k pump. With this fluid
end model, different stuffing boxes, valves and manifold are used that differ from the fluid ends used to
transfer a pump into a 10k pump. When a #11plunger, (1.06- inches in diameter), and a #11 packing set is
used with this type of fluid end a max. of 325 HP and a max. of 514 RPM can be reached. This will give a
max. flow rate of 25.1 GPM and a max. working pressure of 20,000 psi.
2. A bypass valve for a 20k pump allows a portion of the pump flow to the low-pressure outlet, it is used on
both diesel and electric pumps. For diesel pumps it is used to prevent the engine from bogging down when

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
using flows at the minimum a pump can produce. The bypass valve is adjusted by hand, this allows the
operator to increase or decrease pressure when needed. All 20k bypass valves are mounted to the fluid end
manifold, it will have an inlet connection that is a 20k port female, with a low-pressure outlet connection
that is a ½ -inch NPT female. The max. operating pressure will be 20,000 psi.
3. There is a pressure gauge that is mounted to the top of the 20k fluid end manifold by 9/16-inch MP male
threads. This allows the operator to see how much pressure is being built by the pump. With a four inch,
high visibility face with laminated safety glass dial cover, it will allow the operator to safely reach optimal
running pressures without exceeding the max. operating pressure of 20,000 psi. The pressure gauge has a
scale that ranges from 0-35,000 psi and is accurate within +/-0.5% of full scale range. Along with a
stainless-steel case, fittings, internals, the inside of the gauge is protected by a glycerin liquid that helps
reduce vibration and pulsation.
Fitting Types:
 Type-M fittings:
1. Type-M, (Medium), fittings are designed for fast, simple connection of hydroblasting hoses and lances. The
male conical seat is protected from damage by the hose swivel nut. Unlike medium pressure connections,
the seating surfaces do not rotate against each other when connections are made. Resulting in a more
reliable and longer lasting connection.
2. 20k Type-M:
- 9/16-inch Type-M: Gland connection thread: 9/16-inch-18UNF; Recommended torque: 30ft-lbs
- ¾-inch Type-M: Gland connection thread: ¾-inch-16UNF-1-inch; Recommended torque: 45ft-lbs
- 7/8-inch Type-M: Gland connection thread: 7/8-inch-14UNF; Recommended torque: 50ft-lbs
- 1-inch Type-M: Gland connection thread: 1-inch-1UNF; Recommended torque: 75ft-lbs
- 1 5/16-inch Type-M: Gland connection thread: 1-5/16-inch-12UN; Recommended torque: 110ft-lbs
3. 20k Type-M-male connections:
- Connection one: 1-icnh-type-M Male; Connection two: 1-inch-type-M Male; Max. pressure: 20,000psi
- Connection one: 1-icch-type-M Male; Connection two: ¾-inch-type-M Male; Max. pressure: 20,000psi
- Connection one: ¾-inch-type-M Male; Connection two: ¾-inch-type-M Male; Max. pressure: 20,000psi
4. 20k Type-M-male to medium pressure male connectors:
- Connection one:9/16-inch-type-M Male; Connection two: 9/16-inch-type-M Male; Max. pressure: 20,000psi
 Type-MP fittings:
1. Type-MP fittings, (Medium Pressure fittings), are occasionally used in applications at 15,000 psi and
below, but are more commonly used for 20,000 psi operations. They can be used to connect medium
pressure tubing with a conical male seat and left handed threads to a female port using a gland nut and left-

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
hand threaded collar, (Gland, Collar, and Tubing). For many medium pressures male fittings, gland, collar
and tubing are combined into one component that connects directly to a medium pressure female port.
2. 15k Type-MP:
- ¼-inch MP: Connection thread: 7/16-inch-20UNF; Tubing thread left-hand: ¼-inch-28UNF; Trq. 20ft-lb
- 3/8-inch MP: Connection thread: 9/16-inch-18UNF; Tubing thread left-hand: 3/8-inch-24UNF; Trq.30ft-lb
- 9/16-inch MP: Connection thread: 13/16-inch-16UNF; Tubing thread left-hand: 9/16-inch-18UNF; Trq.50ft-
lb
- ¾-inch MP: Connection thread: ¾-inch-14NPSM; Tubing thread left-hand: ¾-inch-16UNF: Trq.90ft-lb
- 1-inch MP: Connection thread: 1-3/8-inch-12UNF; Tubing thread left hand: 1-inch-14UNF: Trq.125ft-lb
3. 20k Type-MP:
- ¼-inch MP: Connection thread: 7/16-inch-20UNF; Tubing thread left-hand: ¼-inch-28UNF; Trq.20ft-lb
- 3/8-inch MP: Connection thread: 9/16-inch-18UNF; Tubing thread left-hand: 3/8-inch-24UNF; Trq.30ft-lb
- 9/16-inch MP: Connection thread: 13/16-inch-16UNF; Tubing thread left-hand: 9/16-inch-18UNF; Trq.85ft-
lb
- ¾-inch MP: Connection thread: ¾-inch-14NPSM; Tubing thread left-hand: ¾-inch-16UNF: Trq.90ft-lb
- 1-inch MP: Connection thread: 1-3/8-inch-12UNF; Tubing thread left hand: 1-inch-14UNF: Trq.125ft-lb
4. 20k Type-MP Tube:
- 3/8-inch-MP Tube: Left Hand; Tube connection thread: 3/8-inch-24UNF-LH; Torque: 25ft-lb
- 3/8-inch-MP Tube: Right Hand; Tube connection thread: 3/8-inch-24UNF-RH; Torque: 25ft-lb
- 9/16-inch-MP Tube: Left Hand; Tube connection thread: 9/16-inch-18UNF-LH; Torque: 30ft-lb
- 9/16-inch-MP Tube: Right Hand; Tube connection thread: 9/16-inch-18UNF-RH; Torque: 30ft-lb
 Type-NPT Fittings:
1. The pipe threads or, (NPT), are the most widely used connection type at pressures of 15,000 psi and below.
NPT threaded fittings can range in sizes from 1/16-inch to 1-inch. NPT threads are tapered so that, as the
thread engagement between the male and female threaded components increase. Unlike other connection
types that seal using closely machined seating surfaces or soft seals, the NPT threads seal around the threads
with Teflon tape or pipe joint compound that is applied to the threads to prevent water from escaping
between the threads. It is important to remember that the NPT threads have a significant potential for galling
where the threads seize together as they are tightened. Material, thread quality and thread profile can be
many of the reasons why threads can become damaged. Always remember to check threads before
connecting two fittings together, and always apply Teflon tape or pipe join compound.
2. 15k NPT-Female to medium pressure male adapters:

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
- Connection one: ¾-inch NPT-Female; Connection two: ¾-inch MP male; Max. pressure: 15,000 psi
- Connection one: ½-inch NPT-Fml.; Connection two: 1-inch MP male; Max. pressure: 15,000 psi
- Connection one: ½-inch NPT-Fml.; Connection two: ¾-inch MP male; Max. pressure: 15,000 psi
- Connection one: 3/8-inch NPT-Fml.; Connection two: 9/16-inch MP male; Max. pressure: 15,000 psi
- Connection one: 3/8-inch NPT-Fml.; Connection two: 3/8-inch MP male; Max. pressure: 15,000 psi
Badger:
 2” Badger:
1. The 2” badger is a self-rotating swivel designed for cleaning 2” to 4” piping with bends and long radius
elbows. An P4 or BSPP4 2” badger is designed for a maximum pressure of 15,000 psi. The MP9L or MP9R
badger is designed for a maximum pressure of 22,000 psi.
2. The P4 and BSPP4 badgers will either have a ¼ NPT or ¼ BSPP female pipe thread inlet. If the standard ¼
NPT and BSPP hose end is being used, they will be able to pass through elbows in 3” or larger pipe. If it is
being used in 2” piping you will need to use a shorter hose end, this will allow the badger to travel through
elbows. The head on the 2” badger has forward jets at 15°, 30° and 45°, with two jets at 90° and two back
jets at 132°. These ports can be plugged to help concentrate jetting power where desired.
3. If using the 2” badger in piping larger than two inches in diameter, you must attach a rigid stinger. The rigid
stinger must be attached between the badger and the hose end. The total length of the tooling, stinger and
couplers must be at least one and a half times the inside diameter of the piping. If this is not done, then the
badger could turn around in the piping and come back towards the operator.
Model BA-P4/BSPP4 MP9L/MP9R
Pressure Range
2–15k psi
140–1000 bar
22–22k psi
140–1500 bar
Flow Range
3–15 gpm
11–57 l/min
3–20 gpm
11–76 l/min
Flow Coefficient 0.50 Cv 0.40 Cv
Rotation Speed High Speed High Speed
Inlet Connection 1/4 NPT, 1/4 BSPP 9/16 LH, 9/16 RH
Port Size OD3M, M3 OD3M, M3
Nozzle Type OD3M OD3M
Port Plug OD3M 002 OD3M 002
Diameter 1.3 in. 33 mm 1.3 in. 33 mm
Length 2.0 in. 50 mm 2.0 in. 50 mm
Weight 0.45 lb 0.20 kg 0.45 lb 0.20 kg
Maximum Water
Temperature
250 ºF 120 ºC 250 ºF 120 ºC

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
 4” Badger:
1. The 4” badger is designed to do that same as the 2” badger, but will only be used for larger piping four
inches or more with bends and long radius elbows.
2. If using a 4” badger/BA-P6 that has a 3/8 NPT female inlet connection it will have a maximum operating
pressure of 15,000 psi. If a 4” badger/BA-BSPP6 that has a 3/8 BSPP female inlet connection it will also
have the same maximum operating pressure rating as the BA-P6 badger. A 4” badger/BA-TM12 that has a
3/4 type M male inlet connection will be rated for a maximum operating pressure of 22,000 psi. On the head
of the 4” badger you will find that they have 1/8” NPT ports; one forward jet at 15°, two at 100°, and two
backward jets at 135°.
3. When using the 4” badger in piping larger than four inches in diameter or more, you must attach a rigid
stinger. The rigid stinger must be attached between the badger and the hose end. The total length of the
tooling, stinger and couplers must be at least one and a half times the inside diameter of the piping. If this is
not done, then the badger could turn around in the piping and come back towards the operator.
 6” Badger:
1. The 6” badger is designed to work the same as the 2” and 4” badger, but will only be used on piping six
inches or more with bends and long radius elbows. A 6” badger/BA-P8 that has a ½ NPT female inlet
connection will have a maximum operating pressure of 15,000 psi.
2. With a 6” badger/BA-MP9 that has a 9/16 medium pressure female inlet connection will have a maximum
operating pressure of 22,000 psi. The BA-M24/4” badger that has a metric M24x1.5 female face seal inlet
connection will also have a maximum operating pressure of 22,000 psi. The 6” badger will have ¼ NPT
ports on the head, one forward jet at 15°, two at 100°, and two backward jets at 135°.
3. If you are going to use the 6” badger in piping larger than six inches in diameter or more, you must attach a
rigid stinger. The rigid stinger must be attached between the badger and the hose end. The total length of the
Model BA-P6/ BSPP4 BA-TM12
Pressure Range
2–15k psi
140–1000 bar
12–22k psi
830–1500 bar
Flow Range
13–30 gpm
49–110 l/min
12–25 gpm
45–95 l/min
Rotation Speed
20-100 rpm (Slow Fluid)
75-250 rpm (Fast Fluid
20-100 rpm (Slow Fluid)
75-250 rpm (Fast Fluid
Inlet Connection 3/8 NPT, 3/8 BSPP 3/4 Type M Male
Port Size 1/8 NPT (P2) 1/8 NPT (P2)
Nozzle Type AP2 AP2
Port Plug GP 025-P2SS GP 025-P2SS
Length 3.5 in. 89 mm 3.5 in. 89 mm
Weight 3.0 lb 1.4 kg 3.0 lb 1.4 kg
Maximum Water
Temperature
160 ºF 70 ºc 160 ºF 70 ºC

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
tooling, stinger and couplers must be at least one and a half times the inside diameter of the piping. If this is
not done, then the badger could turn around in the piping and come back towards the operator.
 Troubleshooting:
1. High-pressure seal leak: At lower pressures the high-pressure seal may leak initially, but should close as
the pressure is increased. If there is a continuous leak at operating pressures from the weep hole, this may
indicate that they high-pressure seal may need to be replaced.
2. Tooling will not rotate: Check all nozzles for plugging or wear and tear, also it is important to see if the
proper nozzle sizes are being used for the task at hand. If the tooling feels rough when manually rotating the
head, then this could indicate that there is internal damage. It is important to keep the badger full of viscous
fluid, this helps control the rotation speed. As the viscous fluid is lost or contaminated, the rotation speed of
the badger will increase. This shorten the life of the high-pressure seals and bearings.
Banshee:
1. The banshee is a self-rotating swivel that is designed for tube cleaning, the diameter of the tool and inlet nut
connection will determine the model and part number. This tooling can be used at operating pressures that
vary from 1,000 psi to 22,000 psi, depending on the inlet connection and head jetting.
2. If a tube is too large in diameter for a banshee that is being used, then jetting pressure/flow rate will
dissipate and the tube will not be cleaned correctly. When a banshee is too large for the tube being cleaned,
you can run the risk of hydraulicing, this is where the banshee can be thrusted out of the tube by too much
back pressure. It is always important to have correct banshee size for the tubes that are going to be cleaned.
 Banshee BN-9.5: The Banshee BN-9.5 is designed to clean tubes with the diameter of 0.47-0.64 inches/12-
16 mm. A BN-9.5 banshee can be tipped with an A tip that has a pressure range of 10,000 -15,000 psi and a
B tip that has a pressure range of 15,000- 22,000 psi. Both have a flow of 5-6 GPM, (Gallons Pre-Minute).
Model BA-P8 BA-MP9/BA-M24
Pressure Range
2–15k psi
140–1000 bar
12–22k psi
840–1500 bar
Flow Range
15–55 gpm
57–208 l/min
14–43 gpm
53–163 l/min
Rotation Speed
50–300 rpm
(Adjustable)
50–300 rpm
(Adjustable)
Inlet Connection 1/2 NPT 9/16 MP, M24
Nozzle Type APF4 APF4
Length 5.4 in. 140 mm 5.4 in. 140 mm
Weight 8.0 lb 3.6 kg 8.0 lb 3.6 kg
Maximum Water
Temperature
160 ºF 70 ºC 160 ºF 70 ºC

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
 Banshee BN-13: The Banshee BN-13 is designed to clean tubes with a diameter of 0.60-1.0 inches/15-25
mm. With the BN-13 banshee it can be used with an A tip that has a pressure range of 8,000 -15,000 psi and
a C tip that has a pressure range of 12,000 -22,000 psi. Both have a flow of 7-9 GPM.
 Banshee BN-18: The Banshee BN-18 is designed to clean tubes with the diameter of 0.87-1.3 inches/22-23
mm. The BN-18 can use an A and B tip has a pressure range of 8,000-15,000 psi. It can also use a C tip and
a D tip has a pressure range of 12,000-22,000 psi. Both A and C tips have a flow of 11-14 GPM. The B and
D tips have a flow of 8-10 GPM.
 Banshee BN-24: The Banshee BN-24 is designed to clean tubes with a diameter of 1.1-1.8 inches/28-46
mm. BN-24 banshees can be used with an A, B, and C tip that have a pressure range of 8,000-15,000 psi.
The D, E, and F tips have a pressure range of 12,000-22,000 psi. A tips have a flow of 19-24 GPM. B tips
have a flow of 14-18 GPM. C and F tips both has a flow of 11-13 GPM. D tips have a flow of 17-20 GPM.
E tips have a flow of 14-16 GPM.
 Banshee BN-33: The Banshee BN-33 is designed to clean tubes with the diameter of 1.5-2.4 inches/38-60
mm. A BN-33 banshee can use an, A, B, C, D and E tips that have a pressure range of 8,000-15,000 psi. The
F, G, H, and I tips have a pressure range of 12,000-22,000 psi. A tips have a flow of 39-48 GPM. B tips
have a flow of 32-38 GPM. C tips have a flow of 25-31 GPM. D tips have a flow of 19-24 GPM. E tips have
a flow of 14-18 GPM. F tips have a flow of 21-25 GPM. G tips have a flow of 17-20 GPM. H tips have a
flow of 14-16 GPM. I tips have a flow of 11-13 GPM.
 Nozzle Heads:
1. Polisher: With the polisher tip, there are two jet ports located on each side of the polishing tip. There is one
located at 85°, and one at 105°. The polisher tip is meant for tubes with hardly any material and need a
touch up.
2. Un-plugger: The un-plugger tip will have two backward jet ports for pulling power and three forward jet
ports. The two backward jets are fixed at 135° or 145°, the three forward jets are placed at 30°, 15°, and
45°. The design of the un-plugger is to cut through hard and heavy material that has built up on the inside
of tubes.
3. Universal: A universal tip will have two backward jet ports meant for pulling power, two side jet ports that
cleaning the sides of the tube as banshee goes through, and three forward jet ports for cutting through
heavy material. The two backward jets are fixed at 145°, the two side jets are placed at 90°, and the three
forward jets are set at 30°, 20°, and 60°. The universal tip is designed to have combined working aspects of
the polisher and un-plugger, it can cut through material and polish the sides of the tube as it works its way
through.
1. Do not use pipe wrench or pliers with teeth as this can crush and/or crack the hardened steel body, leading
to tool breakage in operation. Use WD-40 to prevent corrosion and pitting, pitting can cause premature tool
failure due to cracking. Do not pull out on the head/shaft to rotate the banshee, this will cause it to lock up.
If it does lock up tap the head/shaft lightly on a surface to knock it free.

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
2. Check the nozzle orifice in the head for plugging, if one become plugged the swivel will not rotate. If you
cannot remove the plug the banshee should be disassembled and inspected. There are four small holes
exiting the tapered portion of the shaft, check theses for debris and clean if needed. WD-40 will help
banshee from locking up, use as needed.
Barracuda – UH:
1. The Barracuda-UH, (Two Hitter), is a self-swivel designed for handled shotgun water-blasting. It has
powerful rotating jets that can cover a large area for efficient cleaning, it is the jet reaction force that powers
the rotation of the head. An internal speed control maintains the rotation speed of 1,000 to 2,000 RPM. The
barracuda-UH has a straight flow through design with a leak free high pressure seal, this helps prevent
wasted pump power.
2. This tooling can be used at operating pressures up to 40,000 psi, it has a 9/16 high pressure female inlet.
There are two different heads for the barracuda, one head, (BC-351-4-18), has a low flow and operates with
flow rates from 3 to 4 GPM. The other head, (BC-351-4-15), uses higher flow rates. Both heads have 7/16-
20 nozzle ports for sapphire nozzle assemblies, the orifice sizes should be selected to match the flow and
pressure of the pump. Two ports may be plugged if needed, but larger nozzles need to be used to
compensate.
3. The barracuda-UH uses automatic transmission fluid as a lubricant for the bearing and speed control
components. This can be flushed/refilled with ATF through the fill port using a syringe. This is
recommended after every twenty to forty hours of operation.
1. If the water is leaking out of the slots in the body then there may be a loose inlet fitting, tighten inlet fitting.
There could be a worn out high-pressure seal, replace the high-pressure seal. If there is a worn/eroded seat,
replace the seat. A damaged shaft end, face or replace shaft.
2. If the seals are wearing out quickly there may be a damaged seat or worn seal holder. Replace the seat or
replace the seal holder.
Model BC-K BC-K-P2 BC-H9-C BC-H9LF-C BC-H9XXLF-C-TI
Pressure Range
2–22k psi
140–1500 ba
2–22k psi
140–1500 bar
20–44k psi
1400–3000 bar
20–44k psi
1400–3000 bar
20–44k psi
1400–3000 bar
Flow Range
4.4–11 gpm
17–42 l/min
4.3–11 gpm
16–42 l/min
2.9–4.8 gpm
11–18 l/min
5–7.4 gpm
19–28 l/min
1.7–3.1 gpm
6–12 l/min
Flow Coefficient .43 Cv .43 Cv .38 Cv .38 Cv .38 Cv
Inlet Connection 9/16 MP 9/16 MP 9/16 MP 9/16 MP 9/16 MP
Port Size 1/4 NPT (P4) 1/8 NPT (P2) 7/16-20 UNF (S7) 7/16-20 UNF (S7) 7/16-20 UNF (S7)
Nozzle Type AP4 AP2 OS7 OS7 OS7
Port Plug N/A GP 025-P2SS OS7 003 OS7 003 OS7 003
Diameter 1.8 in. 46 mm 1.8 in. 46 mm 1.8 in. 46 mm 1.8 in. 46 mm 2.5 in. 62 mm
Length 7.8 in. 200 mm 7.8 in. 200 mm 7.8 in. 200 mm 7.8 in. 200 mm 8.9 in. 226 mm
Weight 2.7 lb 1.2 kg 2.7 lb 1.2 kg 2.9 lb 1.3 kg 2.9 lb 1.3 kg 3.2 lb 1.45 kg
Maximum Water
Temperature
160 ºF 70 ºC 160 ºF 70 ºC 160 ºF 70 ºC 160 ºF 70 ºC 160 ºF 70 ºC

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
3. If the barracuda is not rotating there could not be enough jet torque, check nozzles for plugging or wear.
There could be internal damage, rotate head by hand and if it’s rough to turn check the spring and bearings.
Repair if needed.
4. If water is inside the tooling, there could be a bad high-pressure seal leak then repair high-pressure seal.
There could be a bad O-ring, the O-ring and backup ring must be replaced. Worn shaft seals, replace worn
shaft seals.
Spitfire:
1. The spitfire is a self-rotating swivel designed for handheld shotgun water-blasting. There are two inlet
connection options. The P8/spitfire has a ½ female NPT inlet port and the MP9/spitfire has a 9/16 medium
pressure cone and thread inlet port.
2. The P8/spitfire can be used at operating pressures up to 15,000 psi and the M9/spitfire can be used at
operating pressures up to 22,000 psi. The spitfire does not use any bearing, seals, or lubricating fluid such as
the barracuda does. Rotation on the spitfire is internally self-driven, and does not rely on orifice size. Nozzle
inserts that are installed in the head will determine the flow rate.
1. Head will not rotate: Spray WD-40 into the tooling and rotate the head by until it turns freely. Make sure
that the jets in the head are not plugged. If the tooling does not rotate after trying this, then it may need to be
disassembled and cleaned on the insides.
2. It is important to remember to use anti-seize lubricant on male thread of the inlet nut and body. Apply two
to four drops around the threads before screwing it into the head.
BJV-P12 Self-Rotary Swivel (15kpsi):
1. The BJV-P12 has a ¾ NPT female inlet connection. It has a maximum operating pressure of 15,000 psi,
with flow rates of 12 to 100 GPM. The speed is controlled by the viscous fluid, a thick fluid will be used for
Model BC-K BC-K-P2
Pressure Range
5–15k psi
340–1000 bar
5–15k psi
340–1000 bar
Flow Range
2–15 gpm
8–58 l/min
2–15 gpm
8–58 l/min
Rotation Speed 3000–5000 rpm 3000–5000 rpm
Inlet Connection 1/2 NPT 9/16 MP
Nozzle Type AP2 AP2
Length
5.1 in. 129 mm (S)
4.8 in. 120 mm (B)
5.1 in. 129 mm (S)
4.8 in. 120 mm (B)
Weight
1.5 lb 0.7 kg (S)
1.7 lb 0.8 kg (B
1.5 lb 0.7 kg (S)
1.7 lb 0.8 kg (B
Maximum Water
Temperature
250 ºF 120 ºC 250 ºF 120 ºC

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
speeds of 10 to 80 RPM. A thinner fluid will be used for speeds of 50 to 200 RPM. The fluid that is in the
BJV-P12 can be changed to provide for fast or slow rotation.
2. There is a stamped or engraved letter, ®, that is followed by a number such as, (R12 or R25). This can be
found on the BJV-P12 nozzle. This number is the offset of the head that makes it rotate. If the flow is 25
GPM, then the head needs to have an R35 on it. If the head has an R20 or R12 on it, the tooling will not be
able to rotate properly because there is not enough rotating force. If the head is an R60 the tooling will spin
too fast and wear out faster.
BJV-MP12 Self-Rotary Swivel (22kpsi):
1. The BJV-MP12 has a ¾ NPT female inlet connection. It has a maximum operating pressure of 22,000 psi
with flow rates of 10 to 60 GPM. The speed is controlled by the viscous fluid, a thick fluid will be used for
speeds of 10 to 80 RPM. A thinner fluid will be used for speeds of 50 to 200 RPM. The fluid that is in the
BJV-P12 can be changed to provide for fast or slow rotation. The heads with either have ¼ NPT ports or a
special port to receive an extension nipple with an O-ring seal.
2. There is a stamped or engraved letter, ®, followed by a number such as, (R12 or R35). This number is the
offset of the head that makes it rotate. If the flow is 20 GPM, the head will need to have an R35 on it. If the
head has an R20 or R12 on it, the tooling will not rotate properly because there is not enough rotating force.
If the head is an R60, the tooling will spin too fast and wear out faster.
Model BJV-P12 BJV-MP12
Pressure Range
2–15k psi
140–1000 bar
2–15k psi
140–1000 bar
Flow Range
12–100 gpm
45–380 l/min
10–60 gpm
38–114 l/min
Rotation Speed
5–80 rpm (Slow Fluid)
40–200 rpm (Fast Fluid
Extension Port Size
1/2 NPT (P8),
3/4 NPT (P12)
G12
Nozzle Type
AP4, APF4, OC8-P8,
OC8-P12
AP4, APF4
Extension Port Plug Size
GP 025-P8,
GP 025-P12
SA 058-G12
Swivel Diameter 3 in. 76 mm 3 in. 76 mm
Swivel Length 7.3 in. 180 mm 8.4 in. 210 mm
Swivel Weight 8.6 lb 3.9 kg 9.4 lb 4.3 kg
Head Weight
3–6 lb
1.3–2.7 kg
3–6 lb
1.3–2.7 kg
Maximum Water
Temperature
160 ºF 70 ºc 160 ºF 70 ºC

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
 Troubleshooting for both BJV-P12 & BJV-MP12:
1. Head will not rotate: Try rotating the head by hand to see if it feels rough or gritty to turn. If it does, then
the tooling must be disassembled and repaired. If the head starts to rotate, but as the pressure is increased
and it slows or stops rotating, then the bearings have worn out. If the tooling feels okay, check to see if any
of the nozzles are plugged. If any are partially plugged or fully plugged, then they must be removed and
cleaned properly.
2. Head spins too fast: Check all nozzle sizes and head offset to make sure that they are all correct. If they are
correct it is likely that the swivel is low on fluid, or water has mixed with the fluid. If water has mixed with
the viscous fluid it must be drained and the parts will need to cleaned before refilling. Make sure that the
shaft seals are good and will keep the fluid from leaking and water out.
3. Seals wear too quickly: The tooling must be disassembled and inspected, the seat should be checked to see
if it was installed in the right direction. It should not have any chips or erosion marks on it. Replace if
needed.
Gopher – (22kpsi) – (Go MP9) Self-Rotary Swivel:
1. The gopher is a self-rotating swivel designed for tube and pipe cleaning. The gopher has an outside diameter
of 1.62 inches, the tooling can be used at maximum operating pressures from 5,000-22,000 psi with flow
rates of 8-25 GPM. It has a 9/16 medium pressure cone and thread female inlet, and can be supplied with
Model BJV-P12 BJV-MP12
Pressure Range
2–15k psi
140–1000 bar
2–15k psi
140–1000 bar
Flow Range
12–100 gpm
45–380 l/min
10–60 gpm
38–114 l/min
Rotation Speed
Extension Port Size
1/2 NPT (P8),
3/4 NPT (P12)
G12
Nozzle Type
AP4, APF4, OC8-P8,
OC8-P12
AP4, APF4
Extension Port Plug Size
GP 025-P8,
GP 025-P12
SA 058-G12
Swivel Diameter 3 in. 76 mm 3 in. 76 mm
Head Weight
3–6 lb
1.3–2.7 kg
3–6 lb
1.3–2.7 kg
Maximum Water
Temperature
160 ºF 70 ºc 160 ºF 70 ºC

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
inlet adapter fitting for ½ or 3/8 NPT female pipe threads. It is filled 10w-40 for lubrication which affects
rotation speed. The 10w-40 can be changed with a heavier oil such as 80w-90 for slower rotation speed.
2. There are two standard heads for the Gopher, both will have 1/8 NPT pipe threads. The Polisher head,
(GO-042), is used for removing scale build up. The polisher head will have three jet ports fixed at 80° and
three at 100°. While the Un-plugger head, (GO-043), is used for plugged tubes. The un-plugger head will
have three forward jet ports and 2 backward jet ports.
3. On the heads, will be a stamped number, (R14 or R17), this is the offset that will make the head rotate. If
less flow is used than what is recommended the head will not rotate, if more flow is used than what is
recommended then the head will spin too fast, and could damage the bearings and high-pressure seal.
1. Head will not rotate: Try rotating the head by hand to see if it feels rough or gritty to turn. If the tooling
does feel rough, then it must be disassembled and repaired. If the tooling had just been repaired and the head
starts to rotate, but slows or stops when pressure is increased, then the front bearing is installed backwards.
Check for any plugged nozzles, nozzles must be removed from the head and cleaned properly if any are
found to be plugged.
2. Head spins too fast: The head may spin too fast if it is low on oil or water has entered the swivel. Add a
full syringe of oil and check to see if the shaft seals are still good, if good they will keep the oil from
leaking. If the head is spinning extremely fast, then the high-pressure seal is worn out or the spring that
controls the speed is broken or disconnected.
3. Seal Leak: The seal may leak initially up to several thousand psi, but should close once the pressure has
been increased. If the seal is leaking at operating pressure, then the high-pressure seal may need to be
Model GO-MP9 GO-H9-C
Pressure Range
2–22k psi
140–1500 bar
22k–40k psi
1500–2800 ba
Flow Range
8–25 gpm
30–95 l/min
4–10 gpm
15–40 l/min
Rotation Speed 600–1000 rpm 600–1000 rpm
Inlet Connection 9/16 MP 9/16 HP
Port Size 1/8 NPT (P2) 1/4-28 UNF (S4
Nozzle Type AP2 OS4
Port Plug GP 025-P2SS OS4 002
Swivel Diameter 1.6 in. 42 mm 1.6 in. 42 mm
Head Weight
0.60–0.75 lb
0.27–0.34 kg
0.60–0.75 lb
0.27–0.34 kg
Maximum Water
Temperature
160 ºF 70 ºC 160 ºF 70 ºC

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
replaced. Once the seal and seat are replaced and the tooling is still leaking, inspect the end face for damage
such as dents, nicks, or erosion.
4. Seals wear out quickly: The gopher must be disassembled and inspected, the seat should be checked for
being installed in the right direction. It should not have any chips or erosion marks.
HC – Hurricane 3D:
1. The Hurricane 3D head is designed for cleaning tanks, vessels, autoclaves, ducts, and reactor interiors. This
tooling can work with a maximum pressure up to 12,000 psi and with flow rates of 15 to 80 GPM. The
hurricane 3D has a wide range of flow rates that are accommodated by adjusting the nozzle arms, (banjo
nipples). The body of the hurricane is filled with a thick fluid that controls rotation and speeds. After ten
minutes of operating time the hurricane will have made a complete cycle, depending on rotation speed. If
used in large vessels, extension arms up to 36 inches long can be used to reduce the jet standoff distance.
2. The hurricanes nozzle arms, (banjo nipples), must be set to match the operating pressure and flow rate or
nozzle size. This setting can also be used as a means of adjusting the rotation speed. If a faster rotation
speed is needed the setting would be changed to a higher number. Make sure that the two nozzles being used
are the same size and in good condition, if not, it will not rotate.
3. There are two high-pressure seals located on the hurricane. They may leak at low pressure, but should close
once pressure is increased. The rotation speed is controlled by a thick viscous fluid in the main body, over
time this fluid may be contaminated with water or lost by leakage through the shaft seals. Loss or
contamination of fluid will result in faster rotation speeds and more difficult to control.
15 20 25 30 40 50 60 80
12000
#4
Ø.047
9.0
#5.5
Ø.057
6.0
#6.5
Ø.063
4.5
#8
Ø.069
3.5
#12
Ø.082
2.0
#14
Ø.090
2.0
#16
Ø.098
1.5
#23
Ø.115
1.0
10000
#5
Ø.052
8.0
#6.5
Ø.063
4.5
#8
Ø.069
4.0
#10
Ø.075
3.0
#14
Ø.090
2.0
#16
Ø.098
2.0
#19
Ø.106
1.5
#27
Ø.125
1.0
8000
#5.5
Ø.0557
9.0
#6.5
Ø.063
6.0
#10
Ø.075
4.0
#12
Ø.082
3.0
#14
Ø.090
2.5
#19
Ø.106
2.0
#23
Ø.115
1.5
#31
Ø.135
1.0
6000
#6.5
Ø.063
8.0
#8
Ø.069
6.0
#12
Ø.082
4.0
#14
Ø.090
3.0
#15
Ø.098
3.0
#23
Ø.115
2.0
#27
Ø.115
1.5
#36
Ø.145
1.0
4000
#8
Ø.069
9.0
#12
Ø.082
4.0
#14
Ø.090
5.5
#16
Ø.098
4.0
#23
Ø.115
2.5
#27
Ø.125
2.0
#36
Ø.145
1.5
#46
Ø.165
1.0
2000
#12
Ø.082
9.0
#14
Ø.090
9.0
#19
Ø.106
7.0
#23
Ø.115
5.0
#31
Ø.135
3.0
#41
Ø.155
2.0
#46
Ø.165
2.0
#4
Ø.47
9
Flow Rate - (GPM)
Pressure
(PSI)
Nozzle Flow Rating Number
Nozzle Diameter for Pressure and Flow
Banjo Nipple Setting for 20 to 30 RPM

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
1. If the hurricane begins to rotate or rotates a few revolutions and stops, remove and clean the nozzles. Double
check that they are the same size, if there is an extra set of nozzles, replace the old ones. Use a flashlight to
check the flow straighteners located inside the nozzle arms, (banjo nipples), to make sure no debris have
been caught behind the flow straighteners.
2. If no rotation is occurring check all the nozzle sizes and pressure being used. If the plastic cover has been
removed, check that the lips of the rubber seals around the cover are not pinched between the cover and the
gears. Make sure that the cover halves are not contacting the gears.
3. Rotate the tooling by hand, if it feels rough or gritty to turn it may have bad bearings or other internal
damage and needs to be repaired. If the main body has been dented or stamped it can prevent the tooling
from turning. The high-pressure seals will often leak at low pressures, but once pressure increased the seals
will close. If the seals leak continuously at operating pressure they will need to be replaced. Other possible
locations for leaks is around the shaft O-rings that are in the angle block. If these leak the O-rings must be
replaced immediately, otherwise the shafts and angle blocks will erode and need to be replaced.
Torus – 3D (TR – 130) 22kpsi:
1. The torus 3D (TR-130), is designed for cleaning tanks, vessels, autoclaves, ducts and reactor interiors with
the capability of maximum pressure up to 22,000 psi and flow rates of 10 to 80 GPM. With the use of four
different manifolds there are a wide range of flow rates; High Flow (R30 50-80 GPM), Medium Flow (R50
28-55 GPM), Low Flow (R90 16-30 GPM), and Extra Low Flow (R150 10-18 GPM). There is a
maintenance-free magnetic brake that controls rotation speed. The rotation speed may increase at the torus
warms up to operating temperatures. A complete torus cleaning cycle varies from about 4 to 30 minutes of
operating time depending on rotation speed. This is determined by pressure, flow rate, nozzle diameter,
manifold choice and brake setting.
2. The torus contains several high-energy, rare-earth magnets that produce a magnetic field more than 10
gauss. Anyone with a pacemaker or other electronic medical device must use extreme caution when
handling, or near the torus. A minimum distance of six inches is to be maintained between the torus and any
electronic medical devices. Gloves will be needed when handling the torus after operation, during operation
the torus can reach temperatures up to 160℉depending on operating conditions.
3. The rotation speed of the torus may be adjusted using the adjustment shaft located at the opposite end from the inlet.
The shaft may be set at any location between slow and fast. A phillips head screwdriver may be used to adjust the
speed by inserting the tool thru access slot on the housing and into the hole in the shaft. To change from slow to fast,
turn the speed adjustment shaft approximately 50° to the left. There are marks engraved on the outside of the body to
show slow and fast settings.

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
1. High-pressure seal: The torus has two high-pressure seals, one in the inlet shaft, and one in the cross shaft.
Both seals are identical, they might leak water at low pressure and will leak water continuously at operating
pressure during failure. If water is leaking out of the weep holes closest to the inlet, the inlet seal is
damaged. If the water is leaking out of the weep holes furthest from the inlet, the cross-shaft seal is
damaged.
2. Lubrication and Storage: After one hundred hours of operation, any multi-purpose NLGI 2 grease is
acceptable. There are five grease fittings located on the outside of the body. No damage will result from
over-greasing the tooling.
3. Magnetic brake: The magnetic brake requires no lubrication or maintenance. If a problem should arise with
the magnetic brake it should be sent into a certified repair center.
Torus – 3D (TR – 100) 22kpsi:
1. The Torus 3D (TR-100), is designed for cleaning tanks, vessels, autoclaves, ducts and reactor interiors. The
torus 3D can work with a maximum pressure up to 22,000 psi with flow rates of 17 to 80 GPM. There are a
wide range of flow rates that are accommodated by using four different manifolds; High Flow (HF 50-80
GPM), Medium Flow (MF 28-55 GPM), Low Flow (LF 16-30 GPM) and Extra Low Flow (XLF 10-18
GPM). The torus 3D has a maintenance-free magnetic brake that is used to control rotation speed. The
rotation speed may increase as the tool warms up to operating temperature. A complete torus cleaning cycle
varies from about 4 to 30 minutes of operating time and 3 to 23 revolutions of the body per-minute
depending on pressure, flow rate, nozzle diameter and manifold choice.
2. The torus contains several high-energy, rare-earth magnets that produce a magnetic field more than 10
gauss. Anyone with a pacemaker or other electronic medical device must use extreme caution when
handling, or near the torus. A minimum distance of six inches is to be maintained between the torus and any
Model TR-100 TR-130
Pressure Range 15k psi 1000 bar 2–22k psi 138–1500 bar
Flow Range 200 gpm 757 l/min 10–81 gpm 38–307 l/min
Power Range 350-1750 hp 30–1000 hp
Cycle Time Adjustable 4–24 minutes
Rotation Speed Adjustable Adjustable
Inlet Connection
P16 (12k psi MAWP)/M16
(15k psi MAWP)
3/4 NPT, 1 NPT,
3/4 MP, 1 MP, M24
Manifold Port Size G16 G12
Nozzle Type OC8 OCV Carbide
Length 22.8 in. 579 mm 17 in. 432 mm
Weight 100 lbs 45 kg 35 lbs 16 kg
Maximum Water
Temperature
160 ºF 70 ºC
160 ºF 70 ºC

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
electronic medical devices. Gloves will be needed when handling the torus after operation, during operation
the torus can reach temperatures up to 160℉depending on operating conditions.
3. The rotation speed of the torus can be adjusted by using the speed adjustment shaft located under the pulling
ring assembly. The shaft may be set at any location between slow and fast. A phillips head screwdriver may
be used to adjust the speed by inserting the tool thru access slot on the housing and into the hole in the shaft.
To change from slow to fast, turn the speed adjustment shaft approximately 50° to the left. There are marks
engraved on the outside of the body to show slow and fast settings.
1. High-pressure seal: The torus has two high-pressure seals, one in the inlet shaft, and one in the cross shaft.
Both seals are identical, they might leak water at low pressure and will leak water continuously at operating
pressure during failure. If water is leaking out of the weep holes closest to the inlet, the inlet seal is
damaged. If the water is leaking out of the weep holes furthest from the inlet, the cross-shaft seal is
damaged.
2. Lubrication and Storage: After five hundred hours of operation it is important to remove the cover plate
and grease the tooling. It is important to use water resistant grease, there are four grease fittings located on
the elbow assembly, and one located on the inlet end.
3. Magnetic brake: The magnetic brake requires no lubrication or maintenance. If a problem should arise with
the magnetic brake it should be sent into a certified repair center.
4. Flexible coupling: The flexible coupling consists of clamp collars, hardened pin, and plastic bushings. The
plastic bushings should be inspected every one hundred hours and if significant wear is found.
5. Threaded connections: To avoid galling, use anti-seize lubricant on all threaded connections.
Model TR-100 TR-130
Pressure Range 15k psi 1000 bar 2–22k psi 138–1500 bar
Flow Range 200 gpm 757 l/min 10–81 gpm 38–307 l/min
Power Range 350-1750 hp 30–1000 hp
Cycle Time Adjustable 4–24 minutes
Rotation Speed Adjustable Adjustable
Inlet Connection
P16 (12k psi MAWP)/M16
(15k psi MAWP)
3/4 NPT, 1 NPT,
3/4 MP, 1 MP, M24
Manifold Port Size G16 G12
Nozzle Type OC8 OCV Carbide
Length 22.8 in. 579 mm 17 in. 432 mm
Weight 100 lbs 45 kg 35 lbs 16 kg
Maximum Water
Temperature
160 ºF 70 ºC
160 ºF 70 ºC

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
Tips:
 BN-Style:
1. The BN-style nozzle/tip is great for general drain and industrial cleaning, its ideal for making tight turns in
traps and elbows. The short body and round nose allows it to travel where most nozzles/tips cannot. It is
heat treated with 416ss, (stainless steel), and can run at maximum pressures of 10,000 psi. The nozzle is
knurled for better gripping when placing and removing.
 RN-Style:
1. The RN-style or radial nose style nozzle/tip is a heavyweight nozzle/tip for the use on large jetters and
jet/vac. combination equipment. It is also made from heat treated 416ss, and has a maximum working
pressure of 10,000 psi. The body of the RN-style nozzle has a smooth finish and wrench flats.
 J-Style:
1. A J-style nozzle/tip is a longer pointed nozzle/tip that is useful in piercing blocked lines. This style is a
popular body style for industrial tube cleaning. It is heated from 416ss as well, along with a maximum
working pressure of 10,000 psi.
 Tube Spinner:
1. 15,000 PSI: Tube spinners that are rated for a maximum operating pressure of 15,000 psi have a self-
rotating, heat-treated stainless steel sleeve that spins on a bearing of water and features two radial jets that
spin at high speeds for complete coverage. The tube spinners connections range from ½, 3/8, ¼, 1/8, and
1/16, they can vary from male to female connections. Depending on the connections the flow rate will
change, for instance, a tube spinner with a 1/16 NPT female inlet connection will have a flow rate of 1 GPM
and a tube spinner with a 1/16 NPT male outlet connection will have a flow rate of 2 GPM.
2. 20,000 PSI: Tube spinners that are rated for a maximum operating pressure of 20,000 psi have a self-
rotating sleeve that has two radial jets that spin at high speeds for complete coverage. They will have
maximum impact and eliminate the streaking results from having two larger spinning jets rather than several
smaller, non-rotating jets. A thin layer of water between the nozzle body and sleeve provides a liquid
bearing on which the sleeve spins. HPF or HPE tube cleaning nozzles are connected to the tube spinner
nozzle to help add forward jets for unplugging tubes. There are backward jets to pull the nozzles. There are
only three different types of tube spinners that are rated for 20,000 psi, ¼ JS-lance with a flow of 3.8 GPM,
3/8 JS-lance with a flow of 5.7 GPM and the 9/16 JS-lance that can have a flow of 8.5 or 14.6 GPM.
Hard Hitters:
1. The hard hitter is made of a tungsten carbide material that gives it an extended life span. They are tapered so
that they are distortion-free waterjets that are concentrated for cleaning and cutting power. This allows for
work to be done in less time. Hard hitters come in various sizes, the orifice size of the hard hitter is what
gives it its rating and how much force it will project, such as a #15 straight hard hitter will have an orifice
size of 0.093 inches, (2.36 mm). It is important that the proper hard hitter is being used for the task at hand.

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
Too little of a hard hitter and it will not be able to cut through material, too big of a hard hitter and damage
could be done to equipment or to the operator.
 H.H.-15: The #15 hard hitter is made of the tungsten carbide material, it has a ¼ NPT male connection. It
has a maximum working pressure up to 15,000 psi. This hard hitter has a straight-line pattern with an
orifice/jet size of 0.093 inches/2.36 mm and a 28.6 GPM.
orifice/jet size of 0.125 inches/3.18 mm.
orifice/jet size of 0.125 inches/3.18 mm and a 51.7 GPM.
Fan Jets:
 15° Fan Jet: The 15° fan jet is made of tungsten carbide material that has a 1/4 NPT male connection, with
a maximum working pressure of 15,000 psi. A 15° fan jet can range from a; #0 (orifice diameter of 0.029
inches with a 2.8 GPM). #2 (orifice diameter 0.038 inches with a 4.8 GPM). #3 (orifice diameter of 0.042
inches with a 5.8 GPM). #4 (orifice diameter 0.046 inches with a 7 GPM). #5 (orifice diameter of 0.055
inches with a 10 GPM). #6 (orifice diameter of 0.063 inches with a 13.1 GPM). #7 (orifice diameter of
0.067 inches with a 14.8 GPM). #8 (orifice diameter of 0.07 inches with a 16.2 GPM). #9 (orifice diameter
of 0.073 inches with a 17.6 GPM). #10 (orifice diameter of 0.078 inches with a 20.1 GPM). #12 (orifice
diameter of 0.081 inches with a 21.7 GPM). #14 (orifice diameter of 0.089 inches with a 26.2 GPM). #15
(orifice diameter of 0.093 inches with a 28.6 GPM).
 25° Fan Jet: The 25° fan jet is made of tungsten carbide material that has a ¼ NPT male connection, with a
maximum working pressure of 15,000 psi. A 25° fan jet can range from a; #4 (orifice diameter of 0.046
inches with a 7 GPM). #5 (orifice diameter of 0.055 inches with a 10 GPM). #6 (orifice diameter of 0.063
inches with a 13.1 GPM). #7 (orifice diameter of 0.067 inches with a 14.8 GPM). #8 (orifice diameter of
0.07 inches with a 16.2 GPM). #9 (orifice diameter of 0.073 inches with a 17.6 GPM). #10 (orifice of 0.078
inches with a 20.1 GPM).
 50° Fan Jet: The 50° fan jet is made of tungsten carbide material that has a ¼ NPT male connection, with a
maximum working pressure of 15,000 psi. The 50° fan jet can range from a; #5 (orifice diameter of 0.055
inches with a 10 GPM). #6 (orifice diameter of 0.063 inches with a 13.1 GPM). #7 (orifice diameter of
0.067 inches with a 14.8 GPM). #8 (orifice diameter of 0.07 inches with a 16.2 GPM). #9 (orifice diameter
of 0.073 inches with a 17.6 GPM). #10 (orifice diameter of 0.078 inches with a 20.1 GPM).
 Replaceable Nozzle Tips: The following chart shows the flow rates, (GPM), for the listed nozzles
tips below with the specified minimum and maximum pressures
1. HHTC - P4TC - P2TC - OR* - RM*

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
10k-Gun:
1. The Dura-Safe 15,000 psi hand-operated dump style control gun allows the operator to have complete
control of the pressure. It is designed with safety, comfort, and simplicity in mind. They are used for a
variety of surface cleaning application. All 15,000 psi Dura-Safe dump style control guns utilize the C-15
cartridge, it allows for minimal downtime while in the field. Barrel lengths will vary from job to job, but
there is a distance from the primary trigger to the end of the barrel to ensure maximum operator safety.
2. DCPx models will have an ergonomically designed shoulder stock for comfort while operating. The DCPX-
15 model has a single trigger actuation, with a shoulder stock for comfort. It has a ½ NPT male inlet
connection or a 3/8 NPT male outlet connection. The total length is 66 inches with a combined weight of 12
lbs. Total maximum operating pressure is 15,000 psi.
20k-Gun:
1. The Dura-Safe 20,000 psi hand-operated dump style control gun allows the operator to have complete
control of the pressure. It is designed with safety, comfort, and simplicity in mind. They are used for a
variety of surface cleaning application. All 20,000 psi Dura-Safe dump style control guns utilize a cartridge,
that allows for minimal downtime while in the field. Barrel lengths will vary from job to job, but there is a
distance from the primary trigger to the end of the barrel to ensure maximum operator safety.
2. DCPx models will have an ergonomically designed shoulder stock for comfort while operating. All
pressure-bearing components are made from stainless steel. They can be equipped with a holder during the
use of self-rotating nozzles. The DCPx-20 has single trigger actuation, with a shoulder stock for comfort. It
has 20k port male inlet connection or a 9/16 MP male outlet connection. With a total length of 66 inches and
a maximum working pressure of 20,000 psi.
No. In. M.M. 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 11,000 12,000 13,000 14,000 15,000 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000
ooo 0.018 0.46 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1 1 1 1.1 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.3 3.6 3.8 4
oo 0.025 0.64 0.12 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 4.2 4.9 5.4 6 6.4 6.9 7.3 7.7
0 0.029 0.74 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 5.7 6.6 7.4 8.1 8.8 9.4 10 10.5
1 0.033 0.84 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.6 7.3 8.5 9.5 10.4 11.2 12 12.7 13.4
2 0.038 0.97 2.8 3 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.8 9.7 11.2 12.6 13.8 14.9 15.9 16.9 17.8
3 0.042 1.07 3.4 3.7 4 4.3 4.5 4.8 5 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 11.9 13.7 15.4 16.8 18.2 19.4 20.6 21.7
4 0.046 1.17 4 4.4 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.7 6 6.3 6.5 6.8 7 14.3 16.5 18.4 20.2 21.8 23.2 24.7 26
5 0.055 1.4 5.8 6.3 6.8 7.3 7.7 8.2 8.6 8.9 9.3 9.7 10 20.4 23.5 26.3 28.8 31.1 33.3 35.3 37.2
6 0.063 1.6 7.6 8.3 9 9.6 10.2 10.7 11.2 11.7 12.2 12.7 13.1 26.8 30.9 34.5 37.8 40.9 43.7 46.3 48.8
7 0.067 1.7 8.6 9.4 10.1 10.8 11.5 12.1 12.7 13.3 13.8 14.3 14.8 30.3 34.9 39.1 42.8 46.2 49.4 52.4 55.2
8 0.07 1.78 9.4 10.2 11.1 11.8 12.6 13.2 13.9 14.5 15.1 15.7 16.2 33 38.1 42.6 46.7 50.5 53.9 57.2 60.3
9 0.073 1.85 10.2 11.1 12 12.9 13.6 14.4 15.1 15.8 16.4 17 17.6 35.9 41.5 46.4 50.8 54.9 58.7 62.2 65.6
10 0.081 1.98 11.6 12.7 13.7 14.7 15.6 16.4 17.2 18 18.7 19.4 20.1 41 47.4 52.9 58 62.6 67 71 74.9
12 0.081 2.06 12.5 13.7 14.8 15.8 16.8 17.7 18.6 19.4 20.2 21 21.7 44.2 51.1 57.1 62.5 67.6 72.2 76.6 80.7
14 0.089 2.26 15.1 16.6 17.9 19.1 20.3 21.4 22.4 23.4 24.4 25.3 26.2 53.4 61.7 68.9 75.5 81.6 87.2 92.5 97.5
15 0.093 2.36 16.5 18.1 19.5 20.9 22.2 23.4 24.5 25.6 26.6 27.6 28.6 58.3 67.3 75.3 82.5 89.1 95.2 101 106
20 0.11 2.79 23.1 25.3 27.3 29.2 31 32.7 34.3 35.8 37.2 38.7 40 81.6 94.2 105 115 125 133 141 149
30 0.125 3.18 29.8 32.7 35.3 37.7 40 42.2 44.2 46.2 48.1 49.9 51.7 105 122 136 149 161 172 182 192
Orifice Size Flow (GPM) at Specified Pressure (PSI) Flow (IPM) at Specified Pressures (BAR)

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
Pressure Drop in Hoses & Flex Lances:
1. Pressure drop in a hoses or flex lance could be cause by multiple factors, but the main reason for a drop-in
pressure in a particular hose or lance at a given flow rate is because of frictional forces. The water that is
exiting a hose or lance could be at a significantly lower pressure than at entry in some cases when using
smaller hoses and lances. A flow rate can be used to determine a pressure drop through a lance or hose
rather by using the pump’s maximum output.
 Pressure Drop & Nozzle Sizing: To determine the pressure needed for a particular cleaning operation,
subtract that amount from the desired pump operating pressure. The result from this is the permissible
pressure drop. If the flow rate exceeds the maximum flow of the pump use the charts to find the pressure
drop at the maximum pump flow and subtract that amount from the desired pump operating pressure to get
the pressure at the nozzle, or nozzles.
 Conversion Charts:
U.S. Metric
Metric
Rounded
40,000 psi 2,750 bar 2,750 bar
36,000 psi 2,484 bar 2,500 bar
30,000 psi 2,070 bar 2,070 bar
20,000 psi 1,380 bar 1,400 bar
15,000 psi 1,035 bar 1,050 bar
12,500 psi 861 bar 870 bar
10,000 psi 690 bar 700 bar
5,000 psi 345 bar 350 bar
1,000 psi 69 bar 70 bar
Quick - Reference Pressure

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
1/16" 1/8" 1/4" 3/8" 1/2" 3/4" 1"
2 680 222 60 10 2 0.3 0.07
4 2,715 890 240 38 9 1.2 0.28
6 6,110 2002 539 86 21 2.7 0.64
8 10,864 3,560 959 154 36 4.8 1.1
10 16,975 5,562 1,498 240 57 7.5 1.8
12 8,010 2,157 346 82 10 2.5
14 10,902 2,930 470 112 15 3.5
16 14,240 3,835 614 146 19 4.6
Flow & 18 18,022 5,146 778 185 24 5.8
GPM 20 5,993 960 228 30 7.1
25 9,363 1,500 356 46 11
30 13,483 2,160 513 67 16
35 18,352 2,940 698 92 22
40 3,840 911 120 28
45 4,861 1,153 152 36
50 6,001 1,424 187 44
55 7,261 1,723 227 54
60 8,641 2,051 270 64
65 10,141 2,407 317 75
70 11,761 2,791 368 87
75 13,502 3,204 422 100
Pressure Drop (PSI)
Hose or Lance Size (NPT)
Pressure drop per 50-ft sections

Terminology
Tooling & Equipment
William M. Grohs
Safety Coordinator
Power
1 hp = .7457 kw
1 kw = 1.341 hp
50 hp x .7457 = 37.29 kw
50 kw x 1.341 = 67.05 hp
1 gpm = 3.785 lpm
1 lpm = .264 gpm
Force
1 lb (f) = 4.44 N
1 N = .2248 lb (f)
100 lb (f) x 4.44 = 444 N
900 N x .2248 = 202.32 lb (f)
1 psi = .069 bar
1 bar = 14.5 psi
20,000 psi x .069 = 1,380 bar
1,000 bar x 14.5 = 14,500 psi
Pressure
Flow
30 gpm x 3.785 = 113.55 lpm
100 lpm x .264 = 26.4 gpm
1 lb = .454 kg
1 kg = 2.205 lb
10 lb x .454 = 4.54 kg
10 kg x 2.205 = 22.05 lb
Weight
120 in x .0254 = 3.05 m
12 ft x .3048 = 3.68m
100 mm x .03937 = 3.94 in
10 m x 39.37 = 393.7 in
10 m x 3.281 = 32.81 ft
Length
1 in = 25.4 mm
1 in = .0254 m
1 ft = .3048 m
1 mm = .03937 in
1 m = 39.37 in
1 m = 3.281 ft
12 in x 25.4 = 304.8 mm
Measurement Conversion Example
Metric Equivalents

Tooling Equipment Terminology Training

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