The document discusses water resources in Africa and the political and management challenges around it. Some key points discussed include the asymmetric rainfall patterns across Africa, rising population growth straining water resources, differences in infrastructure development and levels of governance, and how water poverty is determined more by a lack of adaptive capacity rather than water endowment alone. Effective water management requires improving socioeconomic development and governance structures around water distribution.

1. Water in Africa A political [governance] & a management challenge Tony Allan King’s College & SOAS London

2. The consequences of asymmnetric rainfall Source Nasa

3. Endowments - including water Demographics Infrastructure Governance Outcomes

4. LWRG 2007 The consequences of asymmnetric rainfall Source Nasa

5. Demographics

6. 65mn 108mn 145mn

7. 65mn 108mn 145mn

8. LWRG 2007 1268mn 1453mn 1424mn 1004mn 1448mn 1808mn Consequences of different political cultures

9. LWRG 2007

10. Infrastructure

11. RESPONSE Global Irrigated Area Map Source IWMI.org Look at the International Water Management Institute [IWMI] website

12. Government and Governance

13. Water in Africa - CEAUP - Porto 2008 Government & Governance .Go v . Com . Org Civil society

14. Water in Africa - CEAUP - Porto 2008 Government & Governance Government .Go v . Com . Org Civil society

15. Water in Africa - CEAUP - Porto 2008 Government & Governance Government Governance .Go v . Com . Org Civil society

16. Water in Africa - CEAUP - Porto 2008 Governance in a neo-liberal political economies - US, EU etc .Go v . Com . Org Civil society

17. Water in Africa - CEAUP - Porto 2008 Governance in a neo-liberal political economy . Gov .Com . Org Civil society Democracy Employment Pensions Subsidies Laws/regulation Welfare state Conscription Taxes Advocacy Markets Branding & advertising Employment Pensions

18. Water in Africa - CEAUP - Porto 2008 .Org Government/Governance in different political economies . Gov . Com . Org Neo-liberal ‘democratic’ regime .Gov .Com . Org .Gov .Com Common Southern Authoritarian

19. Outcomes of Africa’s endowments - including water demographics, infrastructure levels of development and governance THE KEY ISSUE

20. LWRG 2007 See FAO website for 1970 to 2000 animation Data for 2000

21. Africa does have some of the most advanced infrastructure and water management and regulation in the world

22. $100000 ppy Adaptive status of the economy & society [Annual GDP per head as an indicator] Water resource status of the economy [m3 ppy as an indicator] Water rich but adaptively poor Water rich and adaptively rich Water poor and adaptively poor Water poor and adaptively rich 10000m3 1000m3 10m3 $1000 ppy $10 ppy The two dimensions of water poverty

23. $100000 ppy Adaptive status of the economy & society [Annual GDP per head as an indicator] Water resource status of the economy [m3 ppy as an indicator] Water rich but adaptively poor Water rich and adaptively rich Water poor and adaptively poor Water poor and adaptively rich 10000m3 1000m3 10m3 $1000 ppy $10 ppy The Malthusian relationship

24. Both the water status and the social adaptive capacity are dynamic . Communities and political economies have trajectories reflecting worsening local water resource availability – because of rising populations, and improving economies – because of adaptive amelioration.

25. Water resource status of the economy [m3 ppy as an indicator] Water rich but adaptively poor Water rich and adaptively rich Water poor and adaptively poor Water poor and adaptively rich $100000 ppy 10000m3 1000m3 10m3 $1000 ppy $10 ppy Adaptive status of the economy & society [Annual GDP per head as an indicator] Socio-economic development not determined by water status S Korea Israel Egypt S. Africa 1950 2000

26. $100000 ppy Adaptive status of the economy & society [Annual GDP per head as an indicator] The focus of WPI monitoring & evaluation Water resource status of the economy [m3 ppy as an indicator] Water rich but adaptively poor Water rich and adaptively rich Water poor and adaptively poor Water poor and adaptively rich 10000m3 1000m3 10m3 $1000 ppy $10 ppy Water poverty is concerned with the one to two billion facing poor water endowments & poor adaptive capacity

27. Poverty determines water poverty Water poverty does not determine poverty Adaptive capacity is the key resource

28. More crop per drop More jobs per drop More care per drop Concepts from economics

29. More crop per drop More jobs per drop More care per drop More stake per drop Concepts from economics Environ- metal paradigm 5th paradigm

30. A politicians prayer ‘ Some water for everyone for ever’ Kader Asmal 1996 Africa’s prayer ‘ Enough water for everyone and for the environment for ever’

31. Thank you [email_address]