Michael Naylor has over 30 years of experience in financial services and is now managing director at Edgewater Digital Technologies. The document discusses tokenizing private company equity through a security token offering (STO) on the blockchain. It explains that a STO can offer advantages like lower costs, automated compliance, and improved liquidity compared to traditional private placements. The document provides an example of Edgewater Digital Technologies conducting a Reg D 506(c) STO that issues SAFE contracts representing equity in the company.
A security token offering (STO) is a new trend in the cryptocurrency market that is gaining its stronghold because of regulations that value the external liquidized assets for which it is created. The intervention of regulations creates a sense of trust among the investors who need profits from the project that they have invested in.
http://bit.ly/2PnecBo
#OSSPARIS19 - Blockchain tokenization at SocieteGenerale - SEBASTIEN CHROUKRO...Paris Open Source Summit
#Data management & #Blockchain - Track - Blockchain : crypto corner
PwC worked with Société Générale on the emission of a covered bond on the public blockchain Ethereum, which is open source. We will describe this project and introduce the concept of Security Token Offerings (STO) in order to emphasize the various related opportunities.
Part I. Business & Legal Aspects
ICO (Initial Coin Offering) Fundraising Status
SEC ICO Regulation Status
How to Avoid or Comply SEC ICO Regulation
Each State Regulation
US Regulator’s View on ICO & Exchange
STO (Security Token Offering) Introduction
STO Use Cases
STO Use Cases Directory
SEC STO Fund Raising Compliance
STO Fund Raising Compliance in Korea
Launching A STO
How Korean Company can do STO in the US?
Part II. Technical Aspects
STO Infrastructure/Services
STO Services Directory
STO Technical Solutions I
STO Technical Solutions II
STO Technical Solutions III
STO Technical Solutions IV
STO Technical Solutions V
STO Technical Solutions VI
Tokenotic is a comprehensive Securities Tokenization Platform and Digital Asset Marketplace built ground-up to power the emerging digital asset paradigm and pave the future of the token economy.
A security token offering (STO) is a new trend in the cryptocurrency market that is gaining its stronghold because of regulations that value the external liquidized assets for which it is created. The intervention of regulations creates a sense of trust among the investors who need profits from the project that they have invested in.
http://bit.ly/2PnecBo
#OSSPARIS19 - Blockchain tokenization at SocieteGenerale - SEBASTIEN CHROUKRO...Paris Open Source Summit
#Data management & #Blockchain - Track - Blockchain : crypto corner
PwC worked with Société Générale on the emission of a covered bond on the public blockchain Ethereum, which is open source. We will describe this project and introduce the concept of Security Token Offerings (STO) in order to emphasize the various related opportunities.
Part I. Business & Legal Aspects
ICO (Initial Coin Offering) Fundraising Status
SEC ICO Regulation Status
How to Avoid or Comply SEC ICO Regulation
Each State Regulation
US Regulator’s View on ICO & Exchange
STO (Security Token Offering) Introduction
STO Use Cases
STO Use Cases Directory
SEC STO Fund Raising Compliance
STO Fund Raising Compliance in Korea
Launching A STO
How Korean Company can do STO in the US?
Part II. Technical Aspects
STO Infrastructure/Services
STO Services Directory
STO Technical Solutions I
STO Technical Solutions II
STO Technical Solutions III
STO Technical Solutions IV
STO Technical Solutions V
STO Technical Solutions VI
Tokenotic is a comprehensive Securities Tokenization Platform and Digital Asset Marketplace built ground-up to power the emerging digital asset paradigm and pave the future of the token economy.
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On December 26, 2018, I presented on the differences between a traditional securities offering and security token offering at an event co-hosted by Security Token Lawyers and Slice RE. Comments welcome and encouraged.
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Get end-to-end Security Token Offering (STO) Services by Codezeros. We are the leading player in the Blockchain industry. Our comprehensive STO services include Security Token Creation, STO consultation and STO Marketing Services to Launch Your STO. Our STO experts analyze and plan marketing strategy as per the market standards and make sure that they fall under the law and regulation subject to Security Tokens.
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Interested? Contact us at contact@infloat.co.
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Kapitalized is an ICO adviser focusing on deal and commercial strategy, financial modelling, token structuring and token mechanics. We project manage your ICO and act as lead advisers.
Real-World Assets STO + Institutional DeFi Integration
Institutional DeFi refers to tokenize real-world assets with regulatory compliance and institutional-level controls for consumer protection. One of the main benefits of Institutional DeFi is the potential to transform the traditional financial system by making it more transparent, efficient, and accessible while maintaining the necessary safeguards for investor protection and financial stability. This can lead to new products, cost reduction, and faster settlement times for financial institutions.
STO (Security Token Offering) of real-world assets involves the issuance of security tokens that represent ownership of a real-world asset, such as a share of stock, bond, or real estate property. The tokenization and securitization process is carried out by an issuer who follows the necessary regulatory requirements. These security tokens can be listed, distributed, and traded on Institutional DeFi applications to automate various processes such as trading, settlement, and custody. This allows for greater security, efficiency, transparency, and liquidity.
#defi #fundraising #sto #tokenization #nft #securitization #security
To begin, it is critical to comprehend what a real estate token represents. The real estate token is nothing more than a digital share. It is entitled to the same economic rights as any other share. A real estate token can represent collateralized debt ownership, an equity position in a legal business, a share of the deed, or any other type of real estate asset. Tokenization requires sponsors to take the necessary procedures to allow private or public trading of real estate tokens, or to provide investors the option of exchanging their shares for tokens of another organization that has taken those regulatory steps. Once the investor's stake is tokenized, it is digitally stored on a blockchain and may be traded on secondary markets.
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Lastly, we will provide practical tips for successful crypto investing, covering research, diversification, using reliable exchanges, and effective risk management. We will also recommend resources to help you stay abreast of the latest news and trends in the crypto industry.
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HOW CRYPTO-TOKENS QUALIFY UNDER SWISS LAW: A COMPREHENSIVE FRAMEWORK
Blockchain technology has become a reality as part of the digitalisationof the economy. Every day, there is proof of disruptive transformations of long-standing mechanisms into new ecosystems on the blockchain. While existing market participants are in many cases overwhelmed by the new normal, the new players operate with the greatest creativity and efficiency.
There are no limits to the new ecosystems. The blockchainoffers countless possibilities of disintermediation, of participating in and transferring assets, of recordkeeping and of creating e-commerce beyond the boundaries of national currencies. And we are only at the beginning of this transformation.
Tokens created on the blockchaincan be used to represent a wide variety of instruments and processes. For example, a new means of payment can be created or indirect rights to shares, loans or access rights can be digitised. The legal qualification of the tokens is a major challenge due to the aforementioned diversity.
The important (and not so new) principle for finding your way around in this new digital environment is: “first analyse the context, then undertake the legal classification under the rules of the existing laws.” The hybrid nature of many tokens will defy the clear categories within which the law is typically structured and any attempt to commence by looking at traditional legal instruments and impose them on the tokens of the new ecosystems will therefore fail. Instead each token has to be taken apart and its components must be qualified individually.
In order to bring the tokens of the new ecosystems closer to the public, FRORIEP's Disruptive Technologies Practice Group has developed a Token Framework. In doing so, a distinction is made between cryptocurrencies, tokens giving title to monetary claims and tokens for other purposes. Tokens giving title to monetary claims are further categorisedas being either debt, equity or participation rights tokens. These subcategories stem from the financial treatment of the obligations on the balance sheet or (in the case of participation rights tokens) on the profit & loss statement of the issuer.
The following diagrams show the possible functions of tokens on the blockchainand the FRORIEP Token Framework.
Many business ideas and infrastructure projects require a large amount of capital in order to become operational. Initial coin offerings (ICOs) have enjoyed much hype - and scepticism - as a means of generating capital. Drawing on experience from the energy sector, we present an overview of the pros and cons of ICOs as an alternative project finance mechanism to established approaches such as loans, bonds, and venture capital.
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Seeking STO legal advice for your STO project? securitytokenizer is the right pathway to guide you towards all the security token offering legal services.
DeFi token development refers to the process of creating and deploying digital tokens that serve as the native currency or utility within decentralized finance (DeFi) applications and protocols. These tokens are built on blockchain platforms, typically using smart contracts, and enable users to access and participate in a wide range of DeFi services, such as lending, borrowing, trading, and yield farming.
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Tokenizing the Equity of Private Companies by Michael Naylor
1. Tokenizing the Equity of
Private Companies
Michael Naylor
Edgewater Digital Technologies Inc.
www.edgewaterdigital.io
mike@edgewaterdigital.io
2. Bio
Michael Naylor, Managing Director at Edgewater Markets, has over 30 years of experience in financial
services sales and marketing, introducing innovative products and developing new markets. Mike helped
launch the first electronic inter-bank fiat matching system at Dow Jones Telerate and lived and worked
in Asia and Europe opening new markets as Chief Marketing Officer for Standard & Poor’s. Mike holds a
BA in Economics from Rutgers University and an MBA in Finance and Int’l Business from NYU Stern
School of Business, with studies at The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.
3. LEGAL NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS
This document and presentation is being provided for informational purposes only. This document and
associated presentation does not constitute advice nor a recommendation regarding the participation
in any token generation event.
The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed in this document and presentation belong solely to the
author/presenter, and are not the views of the author/presenter’s employer.
The author/presenter’s employer does not endorse or approve, and assumes no responsibility for, the
content, accuracy or completeness of the information presented.
4. Security Tokens – General Overview
● Tokenization was popularized by initial coin offerings (ICOs).
● Regulatory clarity led to Security Tokens (Howey Test).
● Security Tokens involve issuing digital tokens on a distributed ledger that represent fractional
ownership of an underlying financial asset.
● Traditional “securities” are financial instruments, such as stocks (equity) and bonds (debt), which
can be tokenized.
● Other assets, not considered “securities”, including real assets, such as real estate and art, and
commodities, such as gold and foreign exchange, can also be tokenized.
5. Private Placements
● Securities such as equity or debt sold directly to private investors, rather than as part of a public
offering, are considered “private placements”.
● Many private companies raise equity capital prior to going public thru private placement of shares.
● Private placements are subject to regulations that limit the number and type of investors that can
buy shares.
● When raising money, a private security issuer typically specifies the terms of the securities in a
Private Placement Memorandum (providing details regarding the company’s business, use of
proceeds, the price and timing of the transaction and shareholder rights among other information).
● In the past, privately owned securities have been illiquid as they have not had easily accessible
secondary markets.
6. “Tokenizing” Assets
● Tokenization of assets, whether traditional financial securities, real assets, commodities or private
placements, has the promise of enabling assets to be traded like traditional securities on digital exchanges.
● Some of the advantages of tokenization include:
o Lower cost issuance as compared to traditional capital markets
o Automated compliance thru programmable “smart contracts”
o Improved transparency and accuracy of ownership records
o Efficient investor management, including streamlined payment of dividends, communications, etc.
o Increased accessibility thru fractional ownership, global reach and 24/7/365 availability
o Borderless secondary markets enhance price discovery and improve liquidity
7. Regulations
● Regulatory frameworks in the US such as Regulation D, Regulation S, Regulation A+, and
Regulation Crowdfunding apply to the issuance and sale of securities.
● The regulations regarding selling securities are designed to protect investors with limitations on:
o who can sell securities, for example US broker-dealer or FCA regulated brokers in the UK
o who can invest in securities offerings, for example US accredited investor or EU
sophisticated investor rules
o who can run a marketplace, for example USA ATS license or EU MTF license
● Many STO’s are set up as private placements which are not open for the general public, to avoid the heavy
regulation associated with publicly listed securities.
● Reg D 506(c), which is limited to accredited investors, requires a 12-month lock-up when investors
are not allowed to sell or transfer their shares, but afterwards the shares can be freely traded.
8. Tokenized Private Company Equity
● Tokenized equity is simply issuing traditional private placement equity in the form of a digital security
token.
● Tokenizing a private company's equity provides advantages over traditional fund raising including:
o In addition to a) lower cost of issuance, b) automated compliance via smart contract and c) efficient
shareholder management and transparency via blockchain…
o Ability to build in contractual features that have not been feasible traditionally
o Liquidity via listing on security token exchange
o Interoperability via blockchain standards (for example, ERC-20)
o Borderless 24/7/365 access
9. Anatomy of an Equity STO: Edgewater Digital
Technologies Inc.
● Reg D 506(c) Private Placement, offering equity in a private company.
● Available to accredited investors only.
● Delaware (US) company registration.
● Offering an opportunity to purchase a Simple Agreement for Future Equity (SAFE), which secures the right
to acquire shares (equity) in a private company at a later date.
● The SAFE is considered a prepaid forward contract for tax purposes.
● After the offering is complete the SAFE terminates and the investor holds uncertificated shares in
the company in the form of tokens or book-shares.
10. Why SAFE
● Share price and company valuation agreed up front.
● Issuers can close with an investor as soon as both parties are ready to sign and the investor is ready to
wire money, instead of trying to coordinate a single close with all investors simultaneously.
● Both founders and investors have more certainty and transparency into what each side is giving
and getting
● Issuer receives funds sooner, has time pre-close to establish shareholder management processes
and issue the tokens properly.
● Lock-up begins when investor executes the SAFE and provides investment funds.
11. Plan for Tokenizing
● Provide investors with option of receiving either analog or digital interests in the securities.
● Arrange for issuance of the token on Ethereum blockchain (ERC 20).
● Develop smart contract.
● Establish compliance, reporting and shareholder management functions.
● Identify security exchange(s) and market maker(s) for trading post lock-up period.
● Establish policies for maintaining the number of investors post-lockup period (non-accredited and
total number of investors).
12. Timing of Equity Issuance
● “Certificate of Designation” filed with Corporate Register in Delaware, which contains the terms
of the shares.
● After the offering is complete/terminated, within 90 days shares are issued, either in token form or
uncertificated book-shares.
● Arrange for the transfer of the digital assets.
● After the lock-up shares are freely tradable on a “designated exchange” (determined by company
management).