Neuroscience seminar series, Host Prof. Eero Castrén
University of Helsinki, 18 Sep 2015
Abstract
Cognitive systems research in modern artificial intelligence in which statistical machine learning and neural network methods are applied on big data to model complex cognitive phenomena. Often the term socio-cognitive systems is used to emphasize the distributed intelligence point of view in the computational modeling. Digital humanities is an active research area in which topics in humanities and social sciences are studied with the help of methods and tools of computer science. The range of potential topics is vast from the study of historical language to social media discussions, from social network analysis to automatic extraction of topics in peer support groups. In this presentation, methods and research results in cognitive systems and digital humanities are discussed. In addition, personal experiences on brain cancer are viewed with the theoretical background provided by the reseacher in cognitive systems, machine learning and digital humanities. Some ideas on potential future directions for research in medicine and healthcase are also given.
Timo Honkela: Analysis of Qualitative Data using Machine Learning MethodsTimo Honkela
A keynote talk given in the Arcada Analytics Workshop, Helsinki on 8th of June, 2016. The other keynote talks were given by Peter Sarlin (Machine Learning and Network Analytics for Measuring Systemic Risk) and Amaury Lendasse (ELMVIS+: Fast Nonlinear Visualization Technique based on Cosine Distance and Extreme Learning Machines).
This document provides examples of irregular verbs in the present simple, past simple, and questions for several common irregular verbs in English. It lists the verbs begin, break, bring, build, buy, catch, choose, come, cut, do, draw, drink, drive, eat, fall, feel, fight, fly, forget, forgive, freeze, get, give, have, and hear along with their irregular forms and sample sentences in both the positive and negative for the present simple and past simple tenses. The examples are intended to illustrate how to use these irregular verbs.
Final_Huntington_s Disease_Voluntary Movement and the Mechanisms for Failure_...Jaime Knoch
This document provides an instructor's manual for teaching a unit on Huntington's Disease. It includes an overview of the unit content, which covers brain anatomy, movement pathways in the basal ganglia, neurotransmitters involved in movement, genetics of HD, and cognitive/psychological effects of HD. The unit utilizes activities to reinforce learning. Students will be assessed through a unit test, activities, class participation, take-home research questions, and homework assignments. The unit is designed for a grade 12 university biology class and can be taught over 5 lecture periods, with accompanying activities for each topic.
Human facial expression recognition using stepwise linear discriminant analys...I3E Technologies
This paper introduces a facial expression recognition system that uses stepwise linear discriminant analysis (SWLDA) for feature extraction and hidden conditional random fields (HCRF) for recognition. The system employs a hierarchical recognition strategy to first recognize the category of expression, and then identify the specific expression within that category. Across four public datasets, the proposed approach achieved an average recognition rate of 96.37%, significantly outperforming existing facial expression recognition methods.
Emotion Ontology and Affective NeuroscienceJanna Hastings
This document discusses annotating affective neuroscience data with the Emotion Ontology. It describes affective science and studies of emotional functioning and disorders using brain imaging. The Emotion Ontology aims to define emotion types and their characteristics. Studies of facial expression recognition, personal memory recall, and emotional sounds or films could be annotated with classes like visual perception of emotional stimuli or memory of emotional episodes. The ontology provides a framework for representing domain knowledge in a consistent way.
Slides from my thesis defense. I discuss why we need more databases in neuroscience and talk about neuroelectro.org, a resource I've built on neuron types and their properties. I also talk about integrating neuron physiology information with gene expression information
Timo Honkela: Analysis of Qualitative Data using Machine Learning MethodsTimo Honkela
A keynote talk given in the Arcada Analytics Workshop, Helsinki on 8th of June, 2016. The other keynote talks were given by Peter Sarlin (Machine Learning and Network Analytics for Measuring Systemic Risk) and Amaury Lendasse (ELMVIS+: Fast Nonlinear Visualization Technique based on Cosine Distance and Extreme Learning Machines).
This document provides examples of irregular verbs in the present simple, past simple, and questions for several common irregular verbs in English. It lists the verbs begin, break, bring, build, buy, catch, choose, come, cut, do, draw, drink, drive, eat, fall, feel, fight, fly, forget, forgive, freeze, get, give, have, and hear along with their irregular forms and sample sentences in both the positive and negative for the present simple and past simple tenses. The examples are intended to illustrate how to use these irregular verbs.
Final_Huntington_s Disease_Voluntary Movement and the Mechanisms for Failure_...Jaime Knoch
This document provides an instructor's manual for teaching a unit on Huntington's Disease. It includes an overview of the unit content, which covers brain anatomy, movement pathways in the basal ganglia, neurotransmitters involved in movement, genetics of HD, and cognitive/psychological effects of HD. The unit utilizes activities to reinforce learning. Students will be assessed through a unit test, activities, class participation, take-home research questions, and homework assignments. The unit is designed for a grade 12 university biology class and can be taught over 5 lecture periods, with accompanying activities for each topic.
Human facial expression recognition using stepwise linear discriminant analys...I3E Technologies
This paper introduces a facial expression recognition system that uses stepwise linear discriminant analysis (SWLDA) for feature extraction and hidden conditional random fields (HCRF) for recognition. The system employs a hierarchical recognition strategy to first recognize the category of expression, and then identify the specific expression within that category. Across four public datasets, the proposed approach achieved an average recognition rate of 96.37%, significantly outperforming existing facial expression recognition methods.
Emotion Ontology and Affective NeuroscienceJanna Hastings
This document discusses annotating affective neuroscience data with the Emotion Ontology. It describes affective science and studies of emotional functioning and disorders using brain imaging. The Emotion Ontology aims to define emotion types and their characteristics. Studies of facial expression recognition, personal memory recall, and emotional sounds or films could be annotated with classes like visual perception of emotional stimuli or memory of emotional episodes. The ontology provides a framework for representing domain knowledge in a consistent way.
Slides from my thesis defense. I discuss why we need more databases in neuroscience and talk about neuroelectro.org, a resource I've built on neuron types and their properties. I also talk about integrating neuron physiology information with gene expression information
The sense of smell occurs through olfactory receptor cells located in the olfactory mucous membrane in the roof of the nasal cavity. Each olfactory receptor cell has multiple cilia exposed to inhaled air and mucus produced by Bowman's glands. When an odorant binds to a receptor, it triggers a signaling cascade that creates an action potential transmitted along the olfactory nerve to the olfactory bulbs. The olfactory bulbs contain synapses that transmit signals to other areas of the brain involved in processing smells. The sense of smell allows for detection of odorants at extremely low concentrations and discrimination of thousands of smells.
May 2008 Thesis Presentation - Cognitive NeuroscienceKumar Vasudevan
This is my final presentation for my cognitive neuroscience honors thesis. I studied aging, stem cell activity, and cognitive performance in a rat model of Alzheimer\'s disease.
Anne Bassett: Studying Psychosis in 22q11 Deletion Syndromewef
Presentation made July 28, 2016 at the live webinar hosted by the Schizophrenia Research Forum and titled Studying Psychosis in 22q11 Deletion Syndrome. Video recording and additional materials at http://www.schizophreniaforum.org/for/live/detail.asp?liveID=100
Joshua Gordon - Studying Psychosis in 22q11 Deletion Syndromewef
Presentation made July 28, 2016 at the live webinar hosted by the Schizophrenia Research Forum and titled Studying Psychosis in 22q11 Deletion Syndrome. More details and video recording at http://www.schizophreniaforum.org/for/live/detail.asp?liveID=100
Ph.D Thesis Defense: Magnetic Reconnection as a Chondrule Heating MechanismSamuel Lazerson
Samuel Lazerson defended his PhD thesis examining whether magnetic reconnection in a dusty plasma could explain the heating of chondrules. He conducted the first simulations of magnetic reconnection in a dusty plasma using the DENISIS code. The simulations initialized a Harris current sheet that underwent ballistic relaxation into an equilibrium state. Magnetic reconnection then occurred, and test particle simulations examined chondrule heating. The thesis aimed to provide a self-consistent model for chondrule formation via magnetic reconnection in a dusty plasma environment like the early solar nebula.
The document discusses research into facial recognition abilities in patients with brain damage. It finds that the right hemisphere, especially the posterior region, plays an important role in discriminating unfamiliar faces. While both hemispheres are involved in facial recognition, the left hemisphere contributes linguistic abilities that can aid the process, such as verbal descriptions of facial features. The study also found dissociations between recognizing familiar versus unfamiliar faces, with some patients able to identify unfamiliar but not familiar faces due to prosopagnosia caused by bilateral brain damage.
Brian J King - Thesis Defense Presentation (Prior to giving) - Commercial Med...Brian King
This study analyzed the differences in media and commercial viewing habits between digital natives (ages 18-29) and digital immigrants (ages 30+). A survey was administered to both groups to assess how each consumes media (internet vs television) and their habits around circumventing commercials. The hypothesis was that digital natives favor online media consumption while digital immigrants prefer traditional television.
The findings confirmed this, showing digital natives spend more time with online viewing and report multi-tasking as their most common circumvention method. Digital immigrants still rely more on television and report reading as their main diversion from commercials. Both groups feel circumventing commercials is important, especially when DVR/TiVo options allow
Luz rello - Ph.D. Thesis presentation - DysWebxia: A Text Accessibility Model...Luz Rello
Ph.D. Presentation
Title: DysWebxia: A Text Accessibility Model for People with Dyslexia
Author: Luz Rello
Advisors: Ricardo Baeza-Yates and Horacio Saggion
Abstract: Worldwide, 10% of the population has dyslexia, a cognitive disability that reduces readability and comprehension of written information. The goal of this thesis is to make text more accessible for people with dyslexia by combining human computer interaction validation methods and natural language processing techniques. In the initial phase of this study we examined how people with dyslexia identify errors in written text. Their written errors were analyzed and used to estimate the presence of text written by individuals with dyslexia in the Web. After concluding that dyslexic errors relate to presentation and content features of text, we carried out a set of experiments using eye tracking to determine the conditions that led to improved readability and comprehension. After finding the relevant parameters for text presentation and content modification, we implemented a lexical simplification system. Finally, the results of the investigation and the resources created, lead to a model, DysWebxia, that proposes a set of recommendations that have been successfully integrated in four applications.
Interaction Design Foundation Madrid, Spain.
Neuroscience in User Research
Local Meeting Diciembre 2016
Speaker: Alexis Brantes Rodríguez is UX Strategist & Emotion Researcher at Posmo and Continent Manager of S. America at Interaction Design Foundation.
We will talk about applications and advantages of what it does in user research, because they implement Neuroscience in the processes of data capture and analysis.
There will be video demos and 2 electroencephalograms (EEG) of 4 channels, plus we have the "Facial Emotion Recognition" (www.useremotion.com), software they designed in Chile, will present science as well as for an immersive VR study developed for HTC Live and Samsung GearVR.
It will teach us how to encode the subject and obtain quantitative / caulitative data to be able to focus on understanding human behavior in different environments and develop solutions based on that data.
Link: https://www.interaction-design.org/event/neuroscience-in-user-research-dec-14th-2016?r=alexis_brantes_rodriguez
The Learner is Not a Black Box : Measuring Emotion, Engagement and Learning W...Pierre-Majorique Léger
Neuroscience tools and theories can help to measure and understand the emotion and cognitive state of learners. Recent results in the field of neuroeducation demonstrate that tools such as oculometry, automatic facial analysis, electroencephalography and electrodermal activity can be used to infer constructs such as engagement and focused attention in learning context. The presentation reviews results from recent and ongoing scientific projects and presents new and innovative ways to study learning in gamified context.
About Prof. Pierre-Majorique Léger Ph.D. (pml@hec.ca)
Dr Pierre-Majorique Léger is a full professor in information technologies at HEC Montréal, director of the ERPsim Lab (erpsim.hec.ca) and co-director of Tech3Lab (tech3lab.hec.ca). He holds a Ph.D. in industrial engineering from École Polytechnique de Montréal and has done post-doctoral studies in information technologies at HEC Montréal and NYU Stern. He is also Invited professor at Henry B.Tippie College of Business (University of Iowa) and Tuck School of Business (Dartmouth University). Dr Léger is specialist in the field of user experience (UX). His research focuses on the use of neurophysiogical measures to infer emotional and cognitive states in learning context. He is a also principal inventor of ERPsim, a simulation game to teach business application software, which is now used in more than 220 universities worldwide and many Fortune 1000 organisations such as Boeing, Coca-Cola, 3M, Kraft, Caterpillar, Pfizer and SAP.
About Prof. Patrick Charland Ph.D. (charland.patrick@uqam.ca)
Charland is Associate professor and a recognized expert in the field of science and technology education. With his physics background in signal analysis, his current research hinges on cognitive neuroscience methodologies in order to better understand learning and instruction in science and technology education. His current work focuses on methodological advances in developing more ecologically-valid contexts in which the neuroscientific equipment can be used to inform the education literature. In a recent study, he developed a real time engagement and workload monitoring cockpit to study subjects in authentic learning. Charland is also a senior adviser for several countries or institutions (Canada, Niger, Madagascar, Ivory Coast, Chile, etc.) in curriculum development for STEM related issues.
This document provides tips for writing a thesis. It discusses starting the writing process early by choosing a title and outline. The outline should summarize the argument in one sentence for each chapter. Material should be collected in a binder as it is researched. Examiners will want to understand the thesis quickly, so the abstract, conclusions, and contents should clearly convey the purpose and findings. Getting feedback from others helps improve the thesis before examination. Regularly interacting with potential examiners also helps them understand and appreciate the research.
The document discusses the importance of conversations in developing relationships. It notes that while some advocate "selling the sizzle not the steak", engaging in meaningful conversations where common ground is found is better. The results of interviews with people on their dating experiences and favorite companies suggest that conversations matter because that's how relationships are formed. People are more inclined to connect with companies or products that fit their personality or lifestyle.
Face recognition technology may help solve problems with identity verification by analyzing facial features instead of passwords or pins. The document outlines the key stages of face recognition systems including data acquisition, input processing, and image classification. It also discusses advantages like convenience and ease of use, as well as limitations such as an inability to distinguish identical twins. Potential applications are identified in government, security, and commercial sectors.
Powerpoint presentation M.A. Thesis DefenceCatie Chase
This document summarizes a research study that examined self-determination in post-secondary students with learning disabilities based on whether they were identified as having an LD in primary/secondary school or as an adult. The study found no statistically significant differences in self-determination, as measured by a self-determination scale, between the two groups of students. The discussion considers limitations of the study related to measurement, sample size, and sampling biases. Implications are discussed for further examining the relationship between time of LD identification and self-determination with more reliable measures and larger sample sizes.
This document outlines the dissertation of Naomi M. Mangatu titled "Beyond the Glass Ceiling: A Phenomenological Study of Women Managers in the Kenyan Banking Industry." The study explores the lived experiences of 24 women managers in Kenyan banks to understand factors contributing to or hindering their advancement to CEO positions. It uses a qualitative phenomenological research method and the van Kaam 7-step process for data analysis. The findings reveal that while women have made progress in their careers, few break through the glass ceiling to attain top leadership roles in Kenyan banks due to social pressures, cultural norms, and expectations that suppress women's advancement.
This document provides an overview of facial recognition technology. It discusses the history of facial recognition, how the technology works by detecting nodal points on faces and creating faceprints for identification. It also covers implementations, comparing images to templates to verify or identify individuals, and applications in security and surveillance. Strengths are its non-invasive nature, but it can be impacted by changes in appearance.
The document summarizes research being conducted on incorporating pile setup into pile design using Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD). The research aims to identify conditions where pile setup may be used, determine the reliability of pile setup prediction methods, and establish resistance factors. Field data on pile setup is presented from a bridge project in Louisiana. Methods for predicting pile setup are described, including empirical equations and static capacity methods using Cone Penetration Test data. Software tools for pile capacity analysis incorporating pile setup are identified.
This study demonstrated a novel natural transformation mechanism in Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.) that is independent of uptake signal sequences and the Tfox gene. The study showed that A.a. could be transformed with genomic and plasmid DNA present in microvesicles secreted into the growth medium of donor cells. This transformation occurred both in the presence and absence of components normally required for natural transformation in A.a. The results suggest outer membrane adhesion and fusion of donor microvesicles with recipient cells allows DNA delivery and homologous recombination. This novel mechanism could provide an easier method for genetically transforming A.a. compared to conventional techniques.
Timo Honkela: Meaning negotiations as phenomenon and as languages technology...Timo Honkela
Abstract:
Models of linguistic semantics can be viewed through representation and reasoning. This distinction concerns questions on how do we represent the world that we refer to by linguistic expressions and what kind of reasoning do we apply based on these representations. It has been commonplace to assume that each word or expression has one or a limited number of different, distinct senses. The classification task of disambiguation has been devised to find the right reference in each case. It is also possible to represent the world using a high-dimensional continuous space. In that case, we do not need to assume that the world is represented as a network of nodes and their connections. These mathematical representations go beyond the capacities provided by symbolic logic. The word embeddings has history that stems from vector space representations in information retrieval. When a framework of multidimensional continuous spaces is available, it is possible to study nuances of meaning that go beyond conducting disambiguation or choosing between alternatives within a logical framework.
In the present work, it is postulated that semantic processes are essentially subjective and thus individual. When high-dimensional continuous spaces are used to represent meanings and defining contextual distributions, subjective aspects can be modelled. It is possible to measure subjectivity of meaning. This can be studied, for instance, in the framework of brain research (Saalasti et al. 2019) or motions tracking (Honkela & Förger 2013). The methodology or measuring subjective contextually grounded meaning has been been presented, for instance, in Raitio et al. 2014. Further methodological work and an empirical demonstration is presented in Sintonen et al. (2014). When it is possible to represent individually contextual meaning of expressions, it is consequently possible to analyse the differences of meaning between two individuals. A hypothesis is that suitable data for the purpose of meaning negotiation can be collected, computational algorithms devised and applied in real world contexts that helps in meaning negotiations. An alternative view is to aim at defining the meaning of words in a precise way and to teach all people to use these definition. In this present work, it is claimed that that objectivity can be reached only to a degree as it would require vast human cognitive and time resources and the mapping between words and the world is doomed to be partial. This concern has implications both in scientific and in real world communication and representation and has been applied in building the Peace Machine framework.
Meaning negotiations
as phenomena and
as LT challenges
Timo Honkela
University of Helsinki
with Iiro Jääskeläinen (Aalto University) on
the Study of Individualized Meanings
using Brain Research
University of Helsinki, Topelia, F211
4th of April, 2019
Timo Honkela: Meaning negotiations as phenomenon and as languages technology ...Timo Honkela
Abstract:
Models of linguistic semantics can be viewed through representation and reasoning. This distinction concerns questions on how do we represent the world that we refer to by linguistic expressions and what kind of reasoning do we apply based on these representations. It has been commonplace to assume that each word or expression has one or a limited number of different, distinct senses. The classification task of disambiguation has been devised to find the right reference in each case. It is also possible to represent the world using a high-dimensional continuous space. In that case, we do not need to assume that the world is represented as a network of nodes and their connections. These mathematical representations go beyond the capacities provided by symbolic logic. The word embeddings has history that stems from vector space representations in information retrieval. When a framework of multidimensional continuous spaces is available, it is possible to study nuances of meaning that go beyond conducting disambiguation or choosing between alternatives within a logical framework.
In the present work, it is postulated that semantic processes are essentially subjective and thus individual. When high-dimensional continuous spaces are used to represent meanings and defining contextual distributions, subjective aspects can be modelled. It is possible to measure subjectivity of meaning. This can be studied, for instance, in the framework of brain research (Saalasti et al. 2019) or motions tracking (Honkela & Förger 2013). The methodology or measuring subjective contextually grounded meaning has been been presented, for instance, in Raitio et al. 2014. Further methodological work and an empirical demonstration is presented in Sintonen et al. (2014). When it is possible to represent individually contextual meaning of expressions, it is consequently possible to analyse the differences of meaning between two individuals. A hypothesis is that suitable data for the purpose of meaning negotiation can be collected, computational algorithms devised and applied in real world contexts that helps in meaning negotiations. An alternative view is to aim at defining the meaning of words in a precise way and to teach all people to use these definition. In this present work, it is claimed that that objectivity can be reached only to a degree as it would require vast human cognitive and time resources and the mapping between words and the world is doomed to be partial. This concern has implications both in scientific and in real world communication and representation and has been applied in building the Peace Machine framework.
Meaning negotiations
as phenomena and
as LT challenges
Timo Honkela
University of Helsinki
with Iiro Jääskeläinen (Aalto University) on
the Study of Individualized Meanings
using Brain Research
University of Helsinki, Topelia, F211
4th of April, 2019
The sense of smell occurs through olfactory receptor cells located in the olfactory mucous membrane in the roof of the nasal cavity. Each olfactory receptor cell has multiple cilia exposed to inhaled air and mucus produced by Bowman's glands. When an odorant binds to a receptor, it triggers a signaling cascade that creates an action potential transmitted along the olfactory nerve to the olfactory bulbs. The olfactory bulbs contain synapses that transmit signals to other areas of the brain involved in processing smells. The sense of smell allows for detection of odorants at extremely low concentrations and discrimination of thousands of smells.
May 2008 Thesis Presentation - Cognitive NeuroscienceKumar Vasudevan
This is my final presentation for my cognitive neuroscience honors thesis. I studied aging, stem cell activity, and cognitive performance in a rat model of Alzheimer\'s disease.
Anne Bassett: Studying Psychosis in 22q11 Deletion Syndromewef
Presentation made July 28, 2016 at the live webinar hosted by the Schizophrenia Research Forum and titled Studying Psychosis in 22q11 Deletion Syndrome. Video recording and additional materials at http://www.schizophreniaforum.org/for/live/detail.asp?liveID=100
Joshua Gordon - Studying Psychosis in 22q11 Deletion Syndromewef
Presentation made July 28, 2016 at the live webinar hosted by the Schizophrenia Research Forum and titled Studying Psychosis in 22q11 Deletion Syndrome. More details and video recording at http://www.schizophreniaforum.org/for/live/detail.asp?liveID=100
Ph.D Thesis Defense: Magnetic Reconnection as a Chondrule Heating MechanismSamuel Lazerson
Samuel Lazerson defended his PhD thesis examining whether magnetic reconnection in a dusty plasma could explain the heating of chondrules. He conducted the first simulations of magnetic reconnection in a dusty plasma using the DENISIS code. The simulations initialized a Harris current sheet that underwent ballistic relaxation into an equilibrium state. Magnetic reconnection then occurred, and test particle simulations examined chondrule heating. The thesis aimed to provide a self-consistent model for chondrule formation via magnetic reconnection in a dusty plasma environment like the early solar nebula.
The document discusses research into facial recognition abilities in patients with brain damage. It finds that the right hemisphere, especially the posterior region, plays an important role in discriminating unfamiliar faces. While both hemispheres are involved in facial recognition, the left hemisphere contributes linguistic abilities that can aid the process, such as verbal descriptions of facial features. The study also found dissociations between recognizing familiar versus unfamiliar faces, with some patients able to identify unfamiliar but not familiar faces due to prosopagnosia caused by bilateral brain damage.
Brian J King - Thesis Defense Presentation (Prior to giving) - Commercial Med...Brian King
This study analyzed the differences in media and commercial viewing habits between digital natives (ages 18-29) and digital immigrants (ages 30+). A survey was administered to both groups to assess how each consumes media (internet vs television) and their habits around circumventing commercials. The hypothesis was that digital natives favor online media consumption while digital immigrants prefer traditional television.
The findings confirmed this, showing digital natives spend more time with online viewing and report multi-tasking as their most common circumvention method. Digital immigrants still rely more on television and report reading as their main diversion from commercials. Both groups feel circumventing commercials is important, especially when DVR/TiVo options allow
Luz rello - Ph.D. Thesis presentation - DysWebxia: A Text Accessibility Model...Luz Rello
Ph.D. Presentation
Title: DysWebxia: A Text Accessibility Model for People with Dyslexia
Author: Luz Rello
Advisors: Ricardo Baeza-Yates and Horacio Saggion
Abstract: Worldwide, 10% of the population has dyslexia, a cognitive disability that reduces readability and comprehension of written information. The goal of this thesis is to make text more accessible for people with dyslexia by combining human computer interaction validation methods and natural language processing techniques. In the initial phase of this study we examined how people with dyslexia identify errors in written text. Their written errors were analyzed and used to estimate the presence of text written by individuals with dyslexia in the Web. After concluding that dyslexic errors relate to presentation and content features of text, we carried out a set of experiments using eye tracking to determine the conditions that led to improved readability and comprehension. After finding the relevant parameters for text presentation and content modification, we implemented a lexical simplification system. Finally, the results of the investigation and the resources created, lead to a model, DysWebxia, that proposes a set of recommendations that have been successfully integrated in four applications.
Interaction Design Foundation Madrid, Spain.
Neuroscience in User Research
Local Meeting Diciembre 2016
Speaker: Alexis Brantes Rodríguez is UX Strategist & Emotion Researcher at Posmo and Continent Manager of S. America at Interaction Design Foundation.
We will talk about applications and advantages of what it does in user research, because they implement Neuroscience in the processes of data capture and analysis.
There will be video demos and 2 electroencephalograms (EEG) of 4 channels, plus we have the "Facial Emotion Recognition" (www.useremotion.com), software they designed in Chile, will present science as well as for an immersive VR study developed for HTC Live and Samsung GearVR.
It will teach us how to encode the subject and obtain quantitative / caulitative data to be able to focus on understanding human behavior in different environments and develop solutions based on that data.
Link: https://www.interaction-design.org/event/neuroscience-in-user-research-dec-14th-2016?r=alexis_brantes_rodriguez
The Learner is Not a Black Box : Measuring Emotion, Engagement and Learning W...Pierre-Majorique Léger
Neuroscience tools and theories can help to measure and understand the emotion and cognitive state of learners. Recent results in the field of neuroeducation demonstrate that tools such as oculometry, automatic facial analysis, electroencephalography and electrodermal activity can be used to infer constructs such as engagement and focused attention in learning context. The presentation reviews results from recent and ongoing scientific projects and presents new and innovative ways to study learning in gamified context.
About Prof. Pierre-Majorique Léger Ph.D. (pml@hec.ca)
Dr Pierre-Majorique Léger is a full professor in information technologies at HEC Montréal, director of the ERPsim Lab (erpsim.hec.ca) and co-director of Tech3Lab (tech3lab.hec.ca). He holds a Ph.D. in industrial engineering from École Polytechnique de Montréal and has done post-doctoral studies in information technologies at HEC Montréal and NYU Stern. He is also Invited professor at Henry B.Tippie College of Business (University of Iowa) and Tuck School of Business (Dartmouth University). Dr Léger is specialist in the field of user experience (UX). His research focuses on the use of neurophysiogical measures to infer emotional and cognitive states in learning context. He is a also principal inventor of ERPsim, a simulation game to teach business application software, which is now used in more than 220 universities worldwide and many Fortune 1000 organisations such as Boeing, Coca-Cola, 3M, Kraft, Caterpillar, Pfizer and SAP.
About Prof. Patrick Charland Ph.D. (charland.patrick@uqam.ca)
Charland is Associate professor and a recognized expert in the field of science and technology education. With his physics background in signal analysis, his current research hinges on cognitive neuroscience methodologies in order to better understand learning and instruction in science and technology education. His current work focuses on methodological advances in developing more ecologically-valid contexts in which the neuroscientific equipment can be used to inform the education literature. In a recent study, he developed a real time engagement and workload monitoring cockpit to study subjects in authentic learning. Charland is also a senior adviser for several countries or institutions (Canada, Niger, Madagascar, Ivory Coast, Chile, etc.) in curriculum development for STEM related issues.
This document provides tips for writing a thesis. It discusses starting the writing process early by choosing a title and outline. The outline should summarize the argument in one sentence for each chapter. Material should be collected in a binder as it is researched. Examiners will want to understand the thesis quickly, so the abstract, conclusions, and contents should clearly convey the purpose and findings. Getting feedback from others helps improve the thesis before examination. Regularly interacting with potential examiners also helps them understand and appreciate the research.
The document discusses the importance of conversations in developing relationships. It notes that while some advocate "selling the sizzle not the steak", engaging in meaningful conversations where common ground is found is better. The results of interviews with people on their dating experiences and favorite companies suggest that conversations matter because that's how relationships are formed. People are more inclined to connect with companies or products that fit their personality or lifestyle.
Face recognition technology may help solve problems with identity verification by analyzing facial features instead of passwords or pins. The document outlines the key stages of face recognition systems including data acquisition, input processing, and image classification. It also discusses advantages like convenience and ease of use, as well as limitations such as an inability to distinguish identical twins. Potential applications are identified in government, security, and commercial sectors.
Powerpoint presentation M.A. Thesis DefenceCatie Chase
This document summarizes a research study that examined self-determination in post-secondary students with learning disabilities based on whether they were identified as having an LD in primary/secondary school or as an adult. The study found no statistically significant differences in self-determination, as measured by a self-determination scale, between the two groups of students. The discussion considers limitations of the study related to measurement, sample size, and sampling biases. Implications are discussed for further examining the relationship between time of LD identification and self-determination with more reliable measures and larger sample sizes.
This document outlines the dissertation of Naomi M. Mangatu titled "Beyond the Glass Ceiling: A Phenomenological Study of Women Managers in the Kenyan Banking Industry." The study explores the lived experiences of 24 women managers in Kenyan banks to understand factors contributing to or hindering their advancement to CEO positions. It uses a qualitative phenomenological research method and the van Kaam 7-step process for data analysis. The findings reveal that while women have made progress in their careers, few break through the glass ceiling to attain top leadership roles in Kenyan banks due to social pressures, cultural norms, and expectations that suppress women's advancement.
This document provides an overview of facial recognition technology. It discusses the history of facial recognition, how the technology works by detecting nodal points on faces and creating faceprints for identification. It also covers implementations, comparing images to templates to verify or identify individuals, and applications in security and surveillance. Strengths are its non-invasive nature, but it can be impacted by changes in appearance.
The document summarizes research being conducted on incorporating pile setup into pile design using Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD). The research aims to identify conditions where pile setup may be used, determine the reliability of pile setup prediction methods, and establish resistance factors. Field data on pile setup is presented from a bridge project in Louisiana. Methods for predicting pile setup are described, including empirical equations and static capacity methods using Cone Penetration Test data. Software tools for pile capacity analysis incorporating pile setup are identified.
This study demonstrated a novel natural transformation mechanism in Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.) that is independent of uptake signal sequences and the Tfox gene. The study showed that A.a. could be transformed with genomic and plasmid DNA present in microvesicles secreted into the growth medium of donor cells. This transformation occurred both in the presence and absence of components normally required for natural transformation in A.a. The results suggest outer membrane adhesion and fusion of donor microvesicles with recipient cells allows DNA delivery and homologous recombination. This novel mechanism could provide an easier method for genetically transforming A.a. compared to conventional techniques.
Timo Honkela: Meaning negotiations as phenomenon and as languages technology...Timo Honkela
Abstract:
Models of linguistic semantics can be viewed through representation and reasoning. This distinction concerns questions on how do we represent the world that we refer to by linguistic expressions and what kind of reasoning do we apply based on these representations. It has been commonplace to assume that each word or expression has one or a limited number of different, distinct senses. The classification task of disambiguation has been devised to find the right reference in each case. It is also possible to represent the world using a high-dimensional continuous space. In that case, we do not need to assume that the world is represented as a network of nodes and their connections. These mathematical representations go beyond the capacities provided by symbolic logic. The word embeddings has history that stems from vector space representations in information retrieval. When a framework of multidimensional continuous spaces is available, it is possible to study nuances of meaning that go beyond conducting disambiguation or choosing between alternatives within a logical framework.
In the present work, it is postulated that semantic processes are essentially subjective and thus individual. When high-dimensional continuous spaces are used to represent meanings and defining contextual distributions, subjective aspects can be modelled. It is possible to measure subjectivity of meaning. This can be studied, for instance, in the framework of brain research (Saalasti et al. 2019) or motions tracking (Honkela & Förger 2013). The methodology or measuring subjective contextually grounded meaning has been been presented, for instance, in Raitio et al. 2014. Further methodological work and an empirical demonstration is presented in Sintonen et al. (2014). When it is possible to represent individually contextual meaning of expressions, it is consequently possible to analyse the differences of meaning between two individuals. A hypothesis is that suitable data for the purpose of meaning negotiation can be collected, computational algorithms devised and applied in real world contexts that helps in meaning negotiations. An alternative view is to aim at defining the meaning of words in a precise way and to teach all people to use these definition. In this present work, it is claimed that that objectivity can be reached only to a degree as it would require vast human cognitive and time resources and the mapping between words and the world is doomed to be partial. This concern has implications both in scientific and in real world communication and representation and has been applied in building the Peace Machine framework.
Meaning negotiations
as phenomena and
as LT challenges
Timo Honkela
University of Helsinki
with Iiro Jääskeläinen (Aalto University) on
the Study of Individualized Meanings
using Brain Research
University of Helsinki, Topelia, F211
4th of April, 2019
Timo Honkela: Meaning negotiations as phenomenon and as languages technology ...Timo Honkela
Abstract:
Models of linguistic semantics can be viewed through representation and reasoning. This distinction concerns questions on how do we represent the world that we refer to by linguistic expressions and what kind of reasoning do we apply based on these representations. It has been commonplace to assume that each word or expression has one or a limited number of different, distinct senses. The classification task of disambiguation has been devised to find the right reference in each case. It is also possible to represent the world using a high-dimensional continuous space. In that case, we do not need to assume that the world is represented as a network of nodes and their connections. These mathematical representations go beyond the capacities provided by symbolic logic. The word embeddings has history that stems from vector space representations in information retrieval. When a framework of multidimensional continuous spaces is available, it is possible to study nuances of meaning that go beyond conducting disambiguation or choosing between alternatives within a logical framework.
In the present work, it is postulated that semantic processes are essentially subjective and thus individual. When high-dimensional continuous spaces are used to represent meanings and defining contextual distributions, subjective aspects can be modelled. It is possible to measure subjectivity of meaning. This can be studied, for instance, in the framework of brain research (Saalasti et al. 2019) or motions tracking (Honkela & Förger 2013). The methodology or measuring subjective contextually grounded meaning has been been presented, for instance, in Raitio et al. 2014. Further methodological work and an empirical demonstration is presented in Sintonen et al. (2014). When it is possible to represent individually contextual meaning of expressions, it is consequently possible to analyse the differences of meaning between two individuals. A hypothesis is that suitable data for the purpose of meaning negotiation can be collected, computational algorithms devised and applied in real world contexts that helps in meaning negotiations. An alternative view is to aim at defining the meaning of words in a precise way and to teach all people to use these definition. In this present work, it is claimed that that objectivity can be reached only to a degree as it would require vast human cognitive and time resources and the mapping between words and the world is doomed to be partial. This concern has implications both in scientific and in real world communication and representation and has been applied in building the Peace Machine framework.
Meaning negotiations
as phenomena and
as LT challenges
Timo Honkela
University of Helsinki
with Iiro Jääskeläinen (Aalto University) on
the Study of Individualized Meanings
using Brain Research
University of Helsinki, Topelia, F211
4th of April, 2019
Timo Honkela: Peace Machine: Using Artificial Intelligence to Promote Peacefu...Timo Honkela
Timo Honkela of the University of Helsinki gave a presentation in Tokyo, Japan on June 20, 2018 about his concept of a "Peace Machine" that uses artificial intelligence to promote a more peaceful world. He discussed how machine learning could be guided by intentions to build understanding between people and reduce anger, fear and disrespect. Honkela proposed that the Peace Machine could start with meetings connecting large groups of people across borders using translation and help guide emotions in a healthy direction. He suggested launching the Peace Machine internationally in Tokyo on that date.
Timo Honkela: From early to later Wittgenstein and Artificial IntelligenceTimo Honkela
Professor Timo Honkela presented an argument that there is a analogy between the developments that took place in Ludwig Wittgenstein's philosophy and in the artificial intelligence when turned away from relying rule-based systems. Honkela also discusses more in general epistemological questions, the underlying questions regarding the objectives and motivations of formalisation. Formalization often relies on assumptions such as the basic or primary role of objects, relations and properties or truth values and propositions. Honkela proposed a pattern and distribution based epistemology as an alternative.
Timo Honkela: Peace Machine: Peace from a difference perspective - Dialogue o...Timo Honkela
A presentation given in the National Dialogues Conference in Helsinki, Finland. The theme was how to use artificial intelligence, machine learning and other similar technologies to promote peace in the world. The three ares considered were language and meaning, emotions and society. Computers can help humans, for instance, by improving mutual understanding through meaning negotiations.
Timo Honkela: Turning quantity into quality and making concepts visible using...Timo Honkela
Professor Timo Honkela gave an invited talk in the Göran Mickwitz seminar that took place in Helsinki, 9th of February 2017. The event was organized in the honor of Doc. Jessica Parland-von Essen.
Timo Honkela: Tietokone lukemassa yli 100 miljoonaa eri kirjaa: Kielitieteen ...Timo Honkela
Professori Timo Honkelan esitelmä luonnonfilosofian seurassa 24.1.2017 aiheesta "Tietokone lukemassa yli 100 miljoonaa eri kirjaa: Kielitieteen ja filosofian näkökulmia". Tilaisuus järjestettiin Tieteiden talossa huoneessa 505. Erityisen tarkastelun kohteina olivat erilaiset merkitysteoriat ja niiden suhde koneoppimisen tutkimukseen. Yksi keskeinen johtopäätös oli, että koneoppimis- ja neuroverkkotutkimus tarjoaa tietoteoreettisille tarkasteluille uutta pohjaa.
Title in English:
Computer reading over one hundred books: Linguistics and philosophical views
Timo Honkela: Introducing the book Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence (i...Timo Honkela
The book "Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence" (Tekoälyn ensyklopedia), edited by Eero Hyvönen, Ilkka Karanta and Markku Syrjänen (1993), was an important landmark in the Finnish AI research and development. Finland has been and remains an important country in this field. Many of the authors were already prominent figures at that time, especially Professor and later Academician Teuvo Kohonen. Since then many authors have become processors in different universities. One of the authors, Tuomas Sandholm received in 2003 the IJCAI Computers and Thought Award and serves as a professor at Carnegie Mellon University.
Timo Honkela: Tekoälyn ja koneoppimisen uhat ja mahdollisuudet, Turku, 27.10....Timo Honkela
Professor Timo Honkela's Studia Generalia presentation for the Society of Futures Studies at Turku University, Finland, on Thursday 27th of October, 2016. The title of the talk is "Threats and opportunities related to artificial intelligence and machine learning". The topics include 1) an introduction to AI and ML, 2) information on why AI and ML are societally relevant just in this moment of history, 3) natural language processing based on ML, 4) presentation of meta-analysis in humanities (cf. Helsinki Studia Generalia presentation a week earlier), 5) AI and intuition, and 6) discussion on the positive and negative scenarios related to AI and ML.
Timo Honkela: Kohonen's Self-Organizing Maps for Intelligent Systems Developm...Timo Honkela
An invited talk given in the FODO'98, Foundations of Data Organization conference. The conference took place in Kobe, Japan, November 12-13, 1998. Main themes of the talk included Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs), Fuzzy Sets, context analysis, and systems of SOMs.
Timo Honkela: Ihminen+ -esitelmä, Mikkeli, 22.9.2016Timo Honkela
Timo Honkela discusses "Wise Machines" that help people to acquire knowledge and to understand and solve problems related to economy/business, emotions and health.
Honkela. Lagus & Kanner: Parallel Conceptual Spaces and Systems in Health and...Timo Honkela
Timo Honkela, Krista Lagus & Antti Kanner from the University of Helsinki presented on parallel conceptual spaces and systems in health and wellbeing at Södertörn University, Sweden on August 26, 2016. They discussed using conceptual spaces to integrate different frameworks for understanding health and wellbeing, including Western medicine, Ayurvedic medicine, and traditional Chinese medicine. They proposed using high-dimensional conceptual spaces and unsupervised machine learning to map relationships between concepts across frameworks in order to complement existing systems and uncover previously unknown conceptual systems.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Our backs are like superheroes, holding us up and helping us move around. But sometimes, even superheroes can get hurt. That’s where slip discs come in.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
Timo Honkela: Linking Cognitive Systems, Digital Humanities and Brain Cancer Experiences
1. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Timo Honkela
Neuroscience seminar series, Host Prof. Eero Castrén
University of Helsinki, 18 Sep 2015
Linking Cognitive Systems,
Digital Humanities and Brain
Cancer Experiences
timo.honkela@helsinki.fi
3. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Summary of study & work career
● M.Sc. on human-oriented information systems
development at University of Oulu
● Sitra's Kielikone project
● VTT Information Technology
● Neural Networks Research Center, Helsinki University of
Technology, PhD
● Media Lab, University of Art and Design Helsinki,
professor
● TKK > Aalto University, head of Cognitive Systems group
● University of Helsinki and National Library of Finland,
professor
5. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Early personal experiences on
rule-based natural language processing
● H. Jäppinen, T. Honkela, H. Hyötyniemi & A. Lehtola (1988):
A Multilevel Natural Language Processing Model.
Nordic Journal of Linguistics 11:69-87.
What is the turnover of the ten largest stock exchange companies in forestry?
Morphological analysis
Dependency parsing
Logical analysis
Database query formation
Result from the SQL database
7. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Classical example: Learning meaning from context:
Maps of words in Grimm fairy tales
Honkela, Pulkki & Kohonen 1995
8. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Chemistry
Natural sciences
and engineering
Bio- and
environmental
sciences
Health
Culture and
society
Map of Finnish Science
10. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Labeling movements: Associating
high-dim. kinesthetic time series
with linguistic labels
Förger & Honkela 2014
15. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Ambiguity (homography & polysemy)
and contextuality: case “GET”
●
“ S: (v) get, acquire (come into the possession of something concrete or abstract) "She got a lot of paintings from her uncle"; "They acquired a new pet"; "Get your results the next day"; "Get permission to take a few days off from work"
●
S: (v) become, go, get (enter or assume a certain state or condition) "He became annoyed when he heard the bad news"; "It must be getting more serious"; "her face went red with anger"; "She went into ecstasy"; "Get going!"
●
S: (v) get, let, have (cause to move; cause to be in a certain position or condition) "He got his squad on the ball"; "This let me in for a big surprise"; "He got a girl into trouble"
●
S: (v) receive, get, find, obtain, incur (receive a specified treatment (abstract)) "These aspects of civilization do not find expression or receive an interpretation"; "His movie received a good review"; "I got nothing but trouble for my good intentions"
●
S: (v) arrive, get, come (reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress) "She arrived home at 7 o'clock"; "She didn't get to Chicago until after midnight"
●
S: (v) bring, get, convey, fetch (go or come after and bring or take back) "Get me those books over there, please"; "Could you bring the wine?"; "The dog fetched the hat"
●
S: (v) experience, receive, have, get (go through (mental or physical states or experiences)) "get an idea"; "experience vertigo"; "get nauseous"; "receive injuries"; "have a feeling"
●
S: (v) pay back, pay off, get, fix (take vengeance on or get even) "We'll get them!"; "That'll fix him good!"; "This time I got him"
●
S: (v) have, get, make (achieve a point or goal) "Nicklaus had a 70"; "The Brazilian team got 4 goals"; "She made 29 points that day"
●
S: (v) induce, stimulate, cause, have, get, make (cause to do; cause to act in a specified manner) "The ads induced me to buy a VCR"; "My children finally got me to buy a computer"; "My wife made me buy a new sofa"
●
S: (v) get, catch, capture (succeed in catching or seizing, especially after a chase) "We finally got the suspect"; "Did you catch the thief?"
●
S: (v) grow, develop, produce, get, acquire (come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes)) "He grew a beard"; "The patient developed abdominal pains"; "I got funny spots all over my body"; "Well-developed breasts"
●
S: (v) contract, take, get (be stricken by an illness, fall victim to an illness) "He got AIDS"; "She came down with pneumonia"; "She took a chill"
●
S: (v) get (communicate with a place or person; establish communication with, as if by telephone) "Bill called this number and he got Mary"; "The operator couldn't get Kobe because of the earthquake"
●
S: (v) make, get (give certain properties to something) "get someone mad"; "She made us look silly"; "He made a fool of himself at the meeting"; "Don't make this into a big deal"; "This invention will make you a millionaire"; "Make yourself clear"
●
S: (v) drive, get, aim (move into a desired direction of discourse) "What are you driving at?"
●
S: (v) catch, get (grasp with the mind or develop an understanding of) "did you catch that allusion?"; "We caught something of his theory in the lecture"; "don't catch your meaning"; "did you get it?"; "She didn't get the joke"; "I just don't get him"
●
S: (v) catch, arrest, get (attract and fix) "His look caught her"; "She caught his eye"; "Catch the attention of the waiter"
●
S: (v) get, catch (reach with a blow or hit in a particular spot) "the rock caught her in the back of the head"; "The blow got him in the back"; "The punch caught him in the stomach"
●
S: (v) get (reach by calculation) "What do you get when you add up these numbers?"
●
S: (v) get (acquire as a result of some effort or action) "You cannot get water out of a stone"; "Where did she get these news?"
●
S: (v) get (purchase) "What did you get at the toy store?"
●
S: (v) catch, get (perceive by hearing) "I didn't catch your name"; "She didn't get his name when they met the first time"
●
S: (v) catch, get (suffer from the receipt of) "She will catch hell for this behavior!"
●
S: (v) get, receive (receive as a retribution or punishment) "He got 5 years in prison"
●
S: (v) scram, buzz off, fuck off, get, bugger off (leave immediately; used usually in the imperative form) "Scram!"
●
S: (v) get (reach and board) "She got the bus just as it was leaving"
●
S: (v) get, get under one's skin (irritate) "Her childish behavior really get to me"; "His lying really gets me"
●
S: (v) get (evoke an emotional response) "Brahms's `Requiem' gets me every time"
●
S: (v) catch, get (apprehend and reproduce accurately) "She really caught the spirit of the place in her drawings"; "She got the mood just right in her photographs"
●
S: (v) draw, get (earn or achieve a base by being walked by the pitcher) "He drew a base on balls"
●
S: (v) get (overcome or destroy) "The ice storm got my hibiscus"; "the cat got the goldfish"
●
S: (v) perplex, vex, stick, get, puzzle, mystify, baffle, beat, pose, bewilder, flummox, stupefy, nonplus, gravel, amaze, dumbfound (be a mystery or bewildering to) "This beats me!"; "Got me--I don't know the answer!"; "a vexing problem"; "
This question really stuck me"
●
S: (v) get down, begin, get, start out, start, set about, set out, commence (take the first step or steps in carrying out an action) "We began working at dawn"; "Who will start?"; "Get working as soon as the sun rises!"; "The first tourists began to arrive
in Cambodia"; "He began early in the day"; "Let's get down to work now"
●
S: (v) suffer, sustain, have, get (undergo (as of injuries and illnesses)) "She suffered a fracture in the accident"; "He had an insulin shock after eating three candy bars"; "She got a bruise on her leg"; "He got his arm broken in the scuffle"
●
S: (v) beget, get, engender, father, mother, sire, generate, bring forth (make (offspring) by reproduction) "Abraham begot Isaac"; "John fathered four daughters"
W
ordN
et3.1
16. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Effect of context: Color naming
Human vision: rods, cones,...
Physical reasons for color
Contextuality of naming
red wine
red skin
red shirt
Hardin
Gärdenfors
17. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
User-specific difficulty measure
All users have their own background knowledge and
vocabulary: different texts are difficult for different
people -> need for user modeling
Paukkeri, Ollikainen & Honkela, 2013
21. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
GICA: Grounded Intersubjective
Concept Analysis
Sanat,
fraasit,
tulkinnat tms.
Kontekstit
Yksilöt
22. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
The word “health” in
State of the Union Addresses
Subjects on objects in contexts:
Using GICA method to quantify
epistemological subjectivity.
Timo Honkela, Juha Raitio, Krista Lagus,
Ilari T. Nieminen, Nina Honkela, and Mika Pantzar.
Proc. of IJCNN 2012.
23. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Implications of
multiperspective knowledge engineering
● Descriptions of contents need to be
standardized to a lesser degree
because systems learn to create
mappings between different
conceptual systems
● In the future, machines can facilitate
meaning negotiations between, e.g., experts
of different disciplines or between experts and
laypersons
24. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Digital
Humanities
Case: Historical Newspaper Collection
of the National Library of Finland
25. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Digital humanities
● Research within humanities
with the help of computers
– Digital resources
– Computational models
● Basic motivation
– One can already fly to moon and
build sophisticated factory products
– The most important open questions
in the world are related to humanities
and social sciences
26. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Digital Computational
Humanities
Content
storage and
transfer
Content
analysis
28. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Resources
Content and
information
professional
Users of
the contents
(professionals
and lay people)
Machine learning
and
pattern recognition
systems
Formal metadata
Language
technology
resources and
systems
Other forms of description
29. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Resources
Users of
the contents
(professionals
and lay people)
Other forms of description
Crowdsourcing
Importance
of openness
30. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Historical newspaper collection
● The National Library of Finland has digitized a
large proportion of the historical newspapers
published in Finland between 1771 and 1910
(Bremer-Laamanen 2001, 2005).
● This collection contains approximately 1.95
million pages in Finnish and Swedish
● According to Legal Deposit law, the National
Library of Finland receives a copy of each
newspaper and magazine published in Finland.
31. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Search interface
http://digi.kansalliskirjasto.fi
34. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
OCR Challenges
● Regardless of recent development of the OCR
software, there are still challenges with it, as
some material is very old, with
– varying paper and print quality,
– varying number of columns and layout patterns,
– different languages (mainly Finnish and Swedish
but also French, German, etc.), and
– varying font types (fraktur and antiqua)
35. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
zzhdysvautki Yhdyspankki
v, u, p ? u, n, ll ?
40. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Similarity diagram of Fraktur letter shapes
(a self-organizing map)
41. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Areas of further analysis
● Multidimensional sentiment analysis
● Analysis of social and
historical context
● Intercultural and
multilingual analysis
● Analysis of points of view
● Comparison with other data sets such as modern
newspapers or social media discussions
● Analysis of subjective
understanding
43. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Einsiedeln,
Switzerland,
May 2014
The right side of
my visual field
disappeared
Helsinki,
May 2014
TIA (transient
ischemic attack)
negative
Somethins white behind,
maybe an old stroke.
44. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Mikkeli,
September
2014
I am completely exhausted
and my right hand
does not move
normally
Helsinki,
September
2014
A sick leave is needed
for your burnout
after working 70 hours
per week
45. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Espoo,
November
2014
My husband, normally
an intelligent professor is
“our of this world”. I take
him to the hospital now!
Espoo,
Jorvi,
Nov 2014
Normally we would force
you to go through
your occupational doctor but
as you don't know which year it is...
You have a large
tumor in your brain
48. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Operation 1st of Dec 2014: A complete
success but unfortunately malignant ...
Operated by world famous prof. Hernesniemi
49. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Expressing
my deepest
gratitude.
Wishing more
funding wherever
needed and
better health care
information systems.
50. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Radiation
therapy 6
weeks plus
low dose of
cytostatic
drugs
Six months of cytostatic
treatment 5 days/month
300 mg/day
51. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Plan for the
radiation therapy
carefully avoiding
the brain stem.
52. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
MRI
- Dec 2014 (om the left)
- Spring 2015
- Left visual cortex defected
- Additional problems caused
by inflammation, cortisone helped
quickly
53. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Blood tests to check if treatment can be continued
55. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
After the operation:
“Random” top-down simulation
Nowadays:
“Data-driven” simulation
56. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Own actions
● Optimistic attitude
● Enjoying life
excl. dark moments
● Family support
● Social relations
● Peer support
● Physical exercise
● Mental exercises
● Therapeutic effect of
music
● “Ten changes”
regime
● Visualization
exercising experiment
● Nutrition:
healthy & enjoyable
● Light work (opposite
to the old scheme)
● Openness
57. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Colleagues visiting Jorvi two days before operation.
Discussions strictly on Digital Humanities.
58. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Social media
forum
Etelä-Suomen
syöpäyhdistys
59. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Dec 14, 2014
Dec26,2014
Jun, 2015
Sep9,2015
Aug, 2015
62. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Work experiment
● 20 hours per week
● Supported by KEVA
● Started 1st of September
● Basically 4 hours per day,
partly at home
66. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Open data volunteers
● People could donate their health and life style
data for research
● This attitude could be promoted as a primary
moral choice that helps other people
● If widely adopted, this kind of practice requires
strongly integrity from the people who use the
data
67. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
High-dimensional health research
● It would be useful to study very high-
dimensional data sets with an open minded
attitude
– Gene data
– Life style factors (exercise, nutrition, etc.)
– Emotions
– Environment (e.g. chemical risk factors)
● These should be analyzed with latest data-
driven statistical machine learning methods
68. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
“Mind-body problem”
● Philosophers have considered different
options on how mind and body are related or if
they are the same
● Medical doctors often seem to set this issue
aside, refer to the plasebo effect, or send the
patient to a psychiatrist
● However, there seems to be more in this issue
that would require more careful research than
what has been conducted so far
69. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Adaptive neuro-physiological
systems
● An opportunity woud be to conduct interdisciplinary
research in which human health would be studies
concurrently from multiple perspectives
● The data would be gathered at multiple levels of
detail and abstraction including gene data,
immunological data, hormonal process, emotional
factors, etc.
● This data could be collected including both
objective measurements and subjective
assessments
70. Timo Honkela, Neuroscience Seminar presentation, 18.9.2015
Measuring the subjective
● It is well known that the variation in how people
describe their condition is high even if they seem
to suffer of the same condition
● Medical doctors may have developed some kind
of sensitivity to hypocondria but in general this
modeling is most likely quite superficial
● There are new methods that could be used to
model the subjectivity in a more fine grained
manner, helping both the medical professionals
and the patients