Power Point - Botswana Military History consolidatedJeffRamsay2
Collection of pptx slides, converted to pdf, which were used by Dr. Jeff Ramsay as part of his Occasional Lecturers on Military History at the Botswana Defence Force Command and Staff College from 2008-2019.
Power Point - Botswana Military History consolidatedJeffRamsay2
Collection of pptx slides, converted to pdf, which were used by Dr. Jeff Ramsay as part of his Occasional Lecturers on Military History at the Botswana Defence Force Command and Staff College from 2008-2019.
LITTLE ABOUT LESOTHO FROM THE TIME MOSHOESHOE THE FIRST WAS BORNtntlai16
▪︎About Lesotho
▪︎The history of Moshoeshoe the first
▪︎Mohlomi
▪︎Historical events
▪︎Strategies Moshoeshoe used to build his nation
▪︎Historical places
The major colonizers of Southeast Asia were Europeans, Japanese and the U.S. All in all, there were seven colonial powers in Southeast Asia: Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Great Britain, France, the United States, and Japan. From the 1500s to the mid-1940s, colonialism was imposed over Southeast Asia.
UCLAUfahamu A Journal of African StudiesTitleNehanda .docxwillcoxjanay
UCLA
Ufahamu: A Journal of African Studies
Title
Nehanda of Zimbabwe (Rhodesia): The Story of a Woman Liberation
Fighter
Permalink
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3nc0s46w
Journal
Ufahamu: A Journal of African Studies, 7(1)
ISSN
0041-5715
Author
Mutunhu, Tendai
Publication Date
1976
Peer reviewed
eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library
University of California
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3nc0s46w
https://escholarship.org
http://www.cdlib.org/
Introduction
59
~iffil\ OF Zlf'Bl\B\£ CIIDIESIA):
TI£ STORY OF A ~
LIBERATIOO LEAIER lliD FIGITER.
by "
Tendai Mutunhu
In Zimbabwe (Rhodesia), African women have tradition-
a lly shared equal responsibilities and duties in public
administration, political affairs and national defense. In
the military service, women, like men, were involved in
combat duties. During the Mwenemutapa Empire, for example,
some of the best combat regiments in the Imperial Army were
made up only of women soldiers. These battle seasoned
regiments were commanded and led by capable and competent
women military officers. The regiments were made up princi-
p ally of young and un-married women. A number of the
Emperors of this wealthy and powerful empire had great faith
and confidence in the fighting capabilities of their women
soldiers because many of them had distinguished themselves
in battle by their courage and bravery.l
This great military tradition has been maintained in
Zimbabwe and has surfaced in various forms and intensity
s i nce 1890 when the country was formally colonized and sub-
jugated by the British settlers. Because of the growing
military and racial conf~ontation between the Zimbabwe Lib-
eration Army, the Military wing of the African National
Council, and the forces of the white racist minority regime
of Ian Smith, a number of African women of Zimbabwe are being
r ecruited to serve at various levels in the army of libera-
tion .
The woman who is generally recognized by many Zimba-
bwe ans as the greatest military leader and freedom fighter
in recent history was Nehanda. Nehanda was a powerful and
influential woman who achieved her religio-political fame
and military greatness during the 1896 to 1897 Mashona- Mate-
bele 2 war of national liberation against the oppressive and
dehumanizing f orces of colonialism and economic exploitation
in Zimbabwe. This great and histori c war of national lib-
eration was waged against the British settlers who had
annexed the country as a British colony in September 1890.
60
Zimbabwe and British Imperialism
The British colonization of Zimbabwe was accomplished
with the financial backing and military support of Africa's
greatest racist and most notorious imperialist - Cecil John
Rhodes. On October 30, 1888, Rhodes' imperial agents, Charle!
Rudd, Rochfort Magui~e and Francis Thompson, with the conniv-
ance of the Rev. Charles Helm of the London Missionary Socie-
ty, tricked and deceived King Lob ...
Treaty Rights Ignored Neocolonialism and the Makah Whale Hunt .docxjuliennehar
Treaty Rights Ignored: Neocolonialism and the Makah Whale Hunt
For Indigenous populations around the world, the last few centuries have been marked by colonization and economic, political, and cul- tural oppression. A few Indigenous populations have narrowly escaped subjugation, but these communities must often fight eco- nomic and political battles to keep rights to their lands and traditions. For other Indigenous communities that do not have access to the resources necessary for economic and cultural survival, it is seem- ingly only a matter of time before their lands are taken or their tradi- tions are lost, but this is not the only possible outcome. Some of the most important ways that Indigenous communities have resisted colonialism and braved the complexity of neocolonialism are through the oral tradition and contemporary literary narratives. It is abso- lutely essential that Indigenous tribal narratives continue to reflect the significance of cultural traditions, and it is critical that individuals outside of Indigenous communities respect these narratives. Many of the current economic, political, and cultural disputes affecting Indigenous communities stem from neo colonialist attitudes about economic resources and cultural traditions. Neocolonialism appears in different guises, and neocolonialist rhetoric is rampant in discourse about Indigenous populations and underdeveloped nations.
Even the relatively recent shift from using "third world" to "underde- veloped" signifies the manifestation of terminology that reinforces a certain economic neocolonialism. The rhetoric of neocolonialism must be exposed to ensure that Indigenous communities are not sub- jected to new forms of colonization, which threaten cultural survival. Moreover, individuals should be sensitive to the persuasive and subtle nature of neocolonialism because the rhetoric of neocolonialism is rampantly apparent in the media, seriously detrimental to Indigenous youth, and undermines Indigenous tribal narratives. While there are numerous examples of neocolonialism in the world today, the focus of this paper will be an analysis of the use of neocolonialist rhetoric in discussions about the Makah Nation. In the last decade, the Makah Nation has been in the process of revitalizing its whaling traditions, and the discourse about this revitalization reveals racist attitudes toward Indigenous peoples and the potential consequences of damaging neocolonialist rhetoric. One might not expect the state of Washington or the Pacific Northwest to be places that support neocolonialism, but the manifestation of neocolonialist rhetoric in a seemingly progressive part of the United States is a testa- ment to the ubiquitous nature of neocolonialism. It is my hope that this discussion will reveal the rhetorical strategies that individuals employ to criticize the revitalization of the Makah whale-hunting tra- dition, while also illustrating how this rhetoric presents dangerous neocolonialist ...
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
More Related Content
Similar to "Threads of Time: A Journey Through Lesotho's Rich Historical Tapestry"
LITTLE ABOUT LESOTHO FROM THE TIME MOSHOESHOE THE FIRST WAS BORNtntlai16
▪︎About Lesotho
▪︎The history of Moshoeshoe the first
▪︎Mohlomi
▪︎Historical events
▪︎Strategies Moshoeshoe used to build his nation
▪︎Historical places
The major colonizers of Southeast Asia were Europeans, Japanese and the U.S. All in all, there were seven colonial powers in Southeast Asia: Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Great Britain, France, the United States, and Japan. From the 1500s to the mid-1940s, colonialism was imposed over Southeast Asia.
UCLAUfahamu A Journal of African StudiesTitleNehanda .docxwillcoxjanay
UCLA
Ufahamu: A Journal of African Studies
Title
Nehanda of Zimbabwe (Rhodesia): The Story of a Woman Liberation
Fighter
Permalink
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3nc0s46w
Journal
Ufahamu: A Journal of African Studies, 7(1)
ISSN
0041-5715
Author
Mutunhu, Tendai
Publication Date
1976
Peer reviewed
eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library
University of California
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3nc0s46w
https://escholarship.org
http://www.cdlib.org/
Introduction
59
~iffil\ OF Zlf'Bl\B\£ CIIDIESIA):
TI£ STORY OF A ~
LIBERATIOO LEAIER lliD FIGITER.
by "
Tendai Mutunhu
In Zimbabwe (Rhodesia), African women have tradition-
a lly shared equal responsibilities and duties in public
administration, political affairs and national defense. In
the military service, women, like men, were involved in
combat duties. During the Mwenemutapa Empire, for example,
some of the best combat regiments in the Imperial Army were
made up only of women soldiers. These battle seasoned
regiments were commanded and led by capable and competent
women military officers. The regiments were made up princi-
p ally of young and un-married women. A number of the
Emperors of this wealthy and powerful empire had great faith
and confidence in the fighting capabilities of their women
soldiers because many of them had distinguished themselves
in battle by their courage and bravery.l
This great military tradition has been maintained in
Zimbabwe and has surfaced in various forms and intensity
s i nce 1890 when the country was formally colonized and sub-
jugated by the British settlers. Because of the growing
military and racial conf~ontation between the Zimbabwe Lib-
eration Army, the Military wing of the African National
Council, and the forces of the white racist minority regime
of Ian Smith, a number of African women of Zimbabwe are being
r ecruited to serve at various levels in the army of libera-
tion .
The woman who is generally recognized by many Zimba-
bwe ans as the greatest military leader and freedom fighter
in recent history was Nehanda. Nehanda was a powerful and
influential woman who achieved her religio-political fame
and military greatness during the 1896 to 1897 Mashona- Mate-
bele 2 war of national liberation against the oppressive and
dehumanizing f orces of colonialism and economic exploitation
in Zimbabwe. This great and histori c war of national lib-
eration was waged against the British settlers who had
annexed the country as a British colony in September 1890.
60
Zimbabwe and British Imperialism
The British colonization of Zimbabwe was accomplished
with the financial backing and military support of Africa's
greatest racist and most notorious imperialist - Cecil John
Rhodes. On October 30, 1888, Rhodes' imperial agents, Charle!
Rudd, Rochfort Magui~e and Francis Thompson, with the conniv-
ance of the Rev. Charles Helm of the London Missionary Socie-
ty, tricked and deceived King Lob ...
Treaty Rights Ignored Neocolonialism and the Makah Whale Hunt .docxjuliennehar
Treaty Rights Ignored: Neocolonialism and the Makah Whale Hunt
For Indigenous populations around the world, the last few centuries have been marked by colonization and economic, political, and cul- tural oppression. A few Indigenous populations have narrowly escaped subjugation, but these communities must often fight eco- nomic and political battles to keep rights to their lands and traditions. For other Indigenous communities that do not have access to the resources necessary for economic and cultural survival, it is seem- ingly only a matter of time before their lands are taken or their tradi- tions are lost, but this is not the only possible outcome. Some of the most important ways that Indigenous communities have resisted colonialism and braved the complexity of neocolonialism are through the oral tradition and contemporary literary narratives. It is abso- lutely essential that Indigenous tribal narratives continue to reflect the significance of cultural traditions, and it is critical that individuals outside of Indigenous communities respect these narratives. Many of the current economic, political, and cultural disputes affecting Indigenous communities stem from neo colonialist attitudes about economic resources and cultural traditions. Neocolonialism appears in different guises, and neocolonialist rhetoric is rampant in discourse about Indigenous populations and underdeveloped nations.
Even the relatively recent shift from using "third world" to "underde- veloped" signifies the manifestation of terminology that reinforces a certain economic neocolonialism. The rhetoric of neocolonialism must be exposed to ensure that Indigenous communities are not sub- jected to new forms of colonization, which threaten cultural survival. Moreover, individuals should be sensitive to the persuasive and subtle nature of neocolonialism because the rhetoric of neocolonialism is rampantly apparent in the media, seriously detrimental to Indigenous youth, and undermines Indigenous tribal narratives. While there are numerous examples of neocolonialism in the world today, the focus of this paper will be an analysis of the use of neocolonialist rhetoric in discussions about the Makah Nation. In the last decade, the Makah Nation has been in the process of revitalizing its whaling traditions, and the discourse about this revitalization reveals racist attitudes toward Indigenous peoples and the potential consequences of damaging neocolonialist rhetoric. One might not expect the state of Washington or the Pacific Northwest to be places that support neocolonialism, but the manifestation of neocolonialist rhetoric in a seemingly progressive part of the United States is a testa- ment to the ubiquitous nature of neocolonialism. It is my hope that this discussion will reveal the rhetorical strategies that individuals employ to criticize the revitalization of the Makah whale-hunting tra- dition, while also illustrating how this rhetoric presents dangerous neocolonialist ...
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
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The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
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"Threads of Time: A Journey Through Lesotho's Rich Historical Tapestry"
1. LESOTHO HISTORICAL
EVENTS
LESOTHO'S HISTORY IS MARKED BY RESILIENCE, CULTURAL RICHNESS,
AND A STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE. NESTLED IN THE HEART OF
SOUTHERN AFRICA, LESOTHO'S STORY BEGINS WITH ITS EARLY
INHABITANTS, INCLUDING THE SAN PEOPLE, WHOSE ROCK ART AND
ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES PROVIDE GLIMPSES INTO THE REGION'S ANCIENT
PAST.
THE KHOISAN HUNTER GATHERERS ARE THE FIRST INHABITANTS OF THE
REGION, BEFORE SOTHO-TSWANA PEOPLES COLONIZED THE GENERAL
REGION BETWEEN THE THIRD AND 11TH CENTURIES.
3. THE FOUNDER OF LESOTHO KINGDOM
• Moshoeshoe I is the founding father of the Basotho people.
• He was crucial in bringing together the several tribes in
southern Africa, especially in the early 1800s, to create the
nation that would later be called the Basotho. The Basotho
people are renowned for Moshoeshoe I's leadership, strategic
alliances, and diplomatic abilities, which helped them resist
outside pressures including wars with neighboring tribes and
European colonists.
5. HISTORICAL PLACES IN LESOTHO INCLUDE
BUTHA-BUTHE
• It was traditionally inhabited by the Basotho people, who are renowned for their
resilience, unity, and cultural heritage.
• His first settlement was at Butha-Buthe, but he later built his stronghold at Thaba-
Bosiu (Mountain of the Night).
• He united various groups of refugees during the Shaka wars, a period known as the
‘mfecane’ or difaqane (1813-1830), into the Basotho nation.
• From his capital at Thaba-Bosiu , he warded off attacks from many enemies,
including Shaka Zulus and Mzilikazi Ndebele .
7. THABA-BOSIU
• Thaba-Bosiu was used as a hideout by Moshoeshoe I and his subjects after
they migrated from Butha-Buthe in 1824 escaping the ravages of
the Difaqane/Mfecane Wars.
• The plateau formed a natural fortress which protected the Basotho in times
of war. Moshoeshoe I and his people took occupation of this mountain in
July 1824.
• He named it Thaba-Bosiu (loosely translated – Mountain at Night) because
he and his people arrived at night.
• To intimidate his enemies, he spread news that the mountain grew larger at
night.
• Moshoeshoe was able to offer cattle and protection to those fleeing the
ravages of Mfecane/Difaqane Wars.
8. THE DEATH OF MOSHOESHOE I
In 1870, a significant event occurred: King Moshoeshoe I, the respected and influential
leader of the Basotho people, passed away. Moshoeshoe I was known for his wisdom,
diplomacy, and leadership, and his death marked the end of an era for the Basotho
nation.
Following Moshoeshoe I's death, the Basotho people faced a period of uncertainty and
transition as they mourned the loss of their beloved leader. However, the legacy of
Moshoeshoe I endured, shaping the future direction of the Basotho people and their
nation.
And was buried at Thaba-Bosiu.
By that time he had reached 84 years.
10. END OF PRESENTATION
• Lesotho's rich history is marked by resilience and cultural
heritage, shaping its identity and trajectory. Reflecting on its
past a spectrum of emotions, from pride in its achievements to
sorrow for its struggles. Embracing this history fosters
understanding and unity, encouraging dialogue and
reconciliation. Moving forward, it's imperative to preserve and
celebrate Lesotho
• Thank you
• By :Lits’epe Sikeme
