this presentstion would prove extremely helpful for middle school kids.

1. BY:-

2.  Thermal insulation is the reduction of heat
transfer (the transfer of thermal energy between
objects of differing temperature) between objects
in thermal contact or in range of radiative
influence.
 The types of thermal insulation are as follows:-
1. House insulation
2. Personal insulation
3. Insulation in household appliances
4. Insulation in laboratories
5. Insulation in industries

3. HOUSEINSULATION:-
• DOUBLE WALLED WINDOWS
In cold countries, the window have two
panes with a layer of air in between .
Since air is a bad conductor of heat, it
checks the conduction of the room to
outside in winter & outside to room in
summer.
• INSULATING COVERINGS:-
In cold countries water pipes are covered
with poor conductors to not allow
conduction heat of the pipe’s water to
the outside atmosphere & vice-versa
• IGLOOS:-
are double-walled houses of Eskimos of
blocks of snow & the air in between
prevents conduction of heat from the
house to outside surroundings

4. PERSONAL INSULATION
• WOOLEN CLOTHES:-
They have fine pores filled with air. Wool
&Air are bad conductors of heat. Thus,
in winter they do not let our body heat
escape to the surroundings.
• QUILTS:-
They are filled with cotton that has
trapped air. Cotton and air both are bad
conductors a of heat so they provide
good heat insulation and keep us warm.
• ADAPTATION IN ANIMALS :-
In winter, birds puff-up their feathers to
fill them with more air. Air being a bad
conductor of heat, does not let their
body heat to escape to the surroundings
thus keeps them warm. Similarly,
animals in cold regions have their
bodies covered with thick fur.

5. INSULATIONIN HOUSEHOLDAPPLIANCES
• REFRIGERATOR :-
Usually made of rigid foam, refrigerator
insulation material traps air in its cells, which
slows the transfer of heat from the warm
outside of the refrigerator to the cold interior.
The more effective the insulation, the less
energy the appliance uses to stay cool.
• INSULATING HANDLES :-
Cooking utensils have handles of bad
conductors i.e. Ebonite & wood to hold them
easily as they will not conduct heat from
utensils to our hand.

6. INSULATIONIN LABORATORIES
• GUNNY BAG :-
In summer to preserve lumps of ice they are
wrapped around with loosely woven
materials e.g. gunny bag or covered with saw
dust. The air trapped in the wrapping
material being a bad conductor, does not
conduct heat from outside to pass inside to
the ice.
INSULATIONIN INDUSTRIES
• HOLLOW BRICKS :-
In a cold storage, the walls are made thick
using hollow bricks which have an air gap
between two bricks. Air and bricks are bad
conductors of heat and checks the
conduction of heat from outside to the
room.