The Two Worldviews of Macbeth
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The document discusses two concepts from Shakespeare's time - the Great Chain of Being and the Wheel of Fortune. The Chain of Being supported a hierarchical social structure where everyone had their proper place, while the Wheel of Fortune represented the fickle nature of fortune and how fortunes could rise and fall. These concepts are linked to Macbeth, where his ambition causes him to abandon his place on the Chain and throw himself onto the Wheel. Scholars debate whether Macbeth's actions represent an exercise of free will or whether he is driven by fate in the form of the Weird Sisters.
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The document reflects on an image of Earth taken from deep space that shows our planet as a tiny dot. It describes how everyone who has ever lived, from all cultures and eras, once lived on that small mote of dust suspended in the vastness of space. It cautions us about the folly of human conceits and underscores our responsibility to deal compassionately with one another and preserve our fragile planet, which is the only home we have ever known.
Carl georgejanedoug
The document reflects on a photograph of Earth taken from deep space. It describes Earth as a tiny "pale blue dot" where all of humanity has lived and died, from kings and peasants to scientists and politicians. It notes how despite our diversity and conflicts, we all call the same small planet home, suspended in the vast cosmic dark. It aims to underscore our responsibility to treat each other with kindness and compassion on our fragile shared world.
American studies paper
This document discusses perspectives and visions of truth in antebellum America through an analysis of Emerson's Nature and Frederick Douglass' narrative. It explores how Americans had competing visions of reality, shaped by factors like religion, slavery, and perceptions of national destiny. While Emerson advocated discovering universal truths through isolated contemplation of nature, Americans were actively constructing competing truths, making objective perspective difficult. The document examines how slavery, abolitionism, anti-Catholicism, and manifest destiny influenced American perspectives and visions of the nation.
Flying saucers have landed by desmond leslie and george adamski
This document provides an excerpt from the book "Flying Saucers Have Landed" by Desmond Leslie and George Adamski. It summarizes several early reported sightings of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) in the late 1940s, including sightings by civilian witnesses and commercial airline pilots. It also describes the tragic death of Captain Mantell, an Air Force pilot who died trying to intercept an enormous UFO seen over Kentucky in 1948. The excerpt aims to establish that UFOs have been witnessed by credible observers and discusses attempts to dismiss sightings without properly investigating the available evidence.
Flying saucers have landed by desmond leslie and george adamski
This document provides an excerpt from the book "Flying Saucers Have Landed" by Desmond Leslie and George Adamski. It summarizes several early reported sightings of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) in the late 1940s, including sightings by civilian witnesses and commercial airline pilots. It also describes the tragic death of Captain Mantell, an Air Force pilot who died trying to intercept an enormous UFO seen over Kentucky in 1948. The excerpt aims to establish that UFOs have been witnessed by credible observers and discusses attempts to dismiss sightings without proper investigation.
Grapes of wrath chapters 12 18
- The document discusses the American literary and philosophical movement of Transcendentalism. It notes that Transcendentalism reached its peak in the 1830s-1840s and was championed by Ralph Waldo Emerson.
- Emerson believed that each individual could connect with the divine within themselves and the universe. He asserted the dignity and sanctity of each human being.
- Transcendentalism viewed all individuals as possessing a common soul or spirit. It emphasized both individualism and a shared social responsibility among all people.
Dissertation
This dissertation examines the themes of human nature, violence, and survival in three novels by Cormac McCarthy: Child of God, Blood Meridian, and The Road. It explores McCarthy's increasingly bleak view of humanity across his career and genres. While McCarthy depicts profound darkness and violence, the dissertation argues humanity is not yet irredeemable. In Child of God, the complex character of Lester Ballard shows both depravity and morality. In Blood Meridian, the potentially redemptive figure of the kid hints at human capacity for goodness. The Road most clearly demonstrates human compassion through the relationship between the father and son. Though McCarthy's worlds are damaged, hope remains for the human race through small acts of humanity
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33 28 prophecy of american etachtitlan www.gftaognosticaespiritual.org
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The document summarizes several Native American prophecies, including:
1) Aztec prophecies that foretold the arrival of pale-skinned men from the east who conquered their empire, which aligned with the arrival of Hernán Cortés in 1519.
2) An Inca prophecy from the 14th century that warned of a northern tribe's rebellion and a greater future danger, interpreted as referring to the eventual conquest by Europeans.
3) Several omens and visions received by Aztec rulers that indicated their culture was ending and a new power would take control.The Man Who Would Be King
The document provides context about the late 19th century literary movements of naturalism and symbolism in Europe. It then summarizes Rudyard Kipling's short story "The Man Who Would Be King" which is set in 19th century British India and tells the story of two former soldiers who attempt to establish themselves as kings in the remote region of Kafiristan. The story serves as a parody of British imperialism and comments on the dual nature of reality versus fiction through the adventures of the main characters who try to rule through fabricated roles and stories.
The cathars religious importances .
The document discusses two cards from a tarot deck - The Empress (III) and The Emperor (IIII).
The Empress card depicts a woman on a throne, representing the material world and secular authority. However, the card suggests this interpretation may be wrong, as the figure is shown with wings, and could represent the Cathar church instead.
The Emperor card shows a man lounging arrogantly on a throne, representing secular authority. The document notes the curious positioning of his legs is likely just the convention of the artist rather than a meaningful symbol, as some early decks do not have this leg crossing.
American transcendentalism good copy
Transcendentalism was a 19th century philosophical movement that emphasized intuition, inspiration, and nature. It was influenced by German idealism and opposed religious dogma. Prominent transcendentalists like Emerson and Thoreau believed in living close to nature, self-reliance, non-conformity, and that spiritual truths could be directly experienced.
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This document provides a detailed biography and analysis of the work of Thomas Carlyle, a Scottish historian, philosopher, and essayist. It outlines his educational background, career as a writer and historian, major works focusing on social issues in Victorian England, and his criticism of capitalism and advocacy for strong leadership. Carlyle explored social problems through various literary genres and hoped to awaken social conscience through his writing.
Similar to The Two Worldviews of Macbeth (19)
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THE DICHOTOMY BETWEEN FATE AND FREE WILL IN MEDIEVAL LITERATURE
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The Two Worldviews of Macbeth
- 1. The Great Chain of Being and the Wheel of Fortune
- 3. The “Chain” is an ancient idea, but popular in medieval Christianity. It supports the notion that there is a “hierarchy”, or natural inequality, in God’s universe. In Shakespeare’s time, it was still popularly believed that people had to “know their place”. Moving above your “station”, or marrying below your social status, was an insult to God.
- 4. Hecate says this about Macbeth: “He shall spurn fate, scorn death and bear/ His hopes ‘bove wisdom, grace and fear.” 3.5.30-31
- 7. A competing ontological notion was the Wheel of Fortune. It was cyclical rather than linear. The “Wheel” was a relatively pagan concept, popular in ancient Greece and Rome. The goddess Fortunae (or Fate) was fickle and unreliable; good fortune would rarely last. What went up had to come down! J.D. Duffy: “Once on the wheel, no one gets off until the descent has been made…”
- 9. Scholars have linked the two concepts in the following way: Those who ignored the Chain of Being, such as Macbeth and his wife, were throwing themselves onto the Wheel of Fortune. J.D. Duffy: “A wise man would follow God’s law, and not surrender himself to fortune”. This moral choice helps explain Macbeth’s tragic nature: he’s a noble man whose “tragic flaw” (A.C. Bradley) is ambition.
- 10. If Macbeth has chosen to forsake his place on the Chain of Being in favour of the Wheel, is this an act of free will? Look to the emissaries of fate and fortune, like the Weird Sisters. Are they determining Macbeth’s path? Are they messengers or agents? Or is Macbeth choosing his own path? “Men at some time are masters of their fates; The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, But in ourselves, that we are underlings.” (Julius Caesar: I.I.139-141)
- 11. Duffy, J.D. “Introduction to Macbeth." The Tragedy of Macbeth. New York: Airmont, 1965. xix-xxix. Print. Bradley, A. C. Shakespearean Tragedy. Greenwich, Conn.: Fawcett, 1904. Print.