The document discusses the division of Korea after World War II and the subsequent establishment of North and South Korea as separate countries with different political systems. It provides background on: - Korea being divided along the 38th parallel after WWII, with the northern half becoming communist under the Soviet Union and the southern half becoming non-communist. - The Korean War breaking out in 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea in an attempt to reunify the country under communist rule. The United States and UN allies helped South Korea fight off the invasion. - North Korea establishing a communist dictatorship under the leadership of Kim Jong-il until his death in 2011, when he was succeeded by his son Kim Jong-un. North