NIDOS Annual SeminarImplications for Scotland In a post-2015 & post-Referendum Era
What do the Referendum and the new post-2015 Framework mean for us in Scotland?
James Mackie, ECDPM, Maastricht, Netherlands
23 October 2014
Linking African, European and international debates and align positions and priorities for implementation: Post-2015 debate, Agenda 2063 and the EU-Africa roadmap
James Mackie, Senior Adviser EU Development Policy
& Faten Aggad, Head of Programme Africa’s Change Dynamics
31st October 2014
European Development Days
European Commission DG Development and Cooperation
16-17 October 2012, Brussels
The EU has discussed with a wide range of private and public stakeholders how to work closer together towards the common objective of achieving inclusive and sustainable growth in partner countries in the South. ECDPM contributed to this event in a panel on 'Europe's response to inequality in developing countries, co-organised a panel on 'How can we maximise inclusive growth and development?', and sat on a panel on the European Report on Development 2013. In a "project-lab", the ERD core team presented their work on the European Report on Development 2013. This consultation with a wide variety of stakeholders present at the EDDs aimed to enrich and inform the next stages of drafting the report.
NIDOS Annual SeminarImplications for Scotland In a post-2015 & post-Referendum Era
What do the Referendum and the new post-2015 Framework mean for us in Scotland?
James Mackie, ECDPM, Maastricht, Netherlands
23 October 2014
Linking African, European and international debates and align positions and priorities for implementation: Post-2015 debate, Agenda 2063 and the EU-Africa roadmap
James Mackie, Senior Adviser EU Development Policy
& Faten Aggad, Head of Programme Africa’s Change Dynamics
31st October 2014
European Development Days
European Commission DG Development and Cooperation
16-17 October 2012, Brussels
The EU has discussed with a wide range of private and public stakeholders how to work closer together towards the common objective of achieving inclusive and sustainable growth in partner countries in the South. ECDPM contributed to this event in a panel on 'Europe's response to inequality in developing countries, co-organised a panel on 'How can we maximise inclusive growth and development?', and sat on a panel on the European Report on Development 2013. In a "project-lab", the ERD core team presented their work on the European Report on Development 2013. This consultation with a wide variety of stakeholders present at the EDDs aimed to enrich and inform the next stages of drafting the report.
TRADING INTO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: TRADE, MARKET ACCESS AND THE SUSTAINABL...Ira Kristina Lumban Tobing
This report examines various interactions between trade policy, with a specific focus on market access conditions, and factors that constitute the basis for achieving sustainable development. Market access conditions vis-à- vis imports are determined by a combination of border measures and “behind the border” measures, both of which add costs to the price of an imported product. By generating significant impact upon consumer welfare and the competitiveness of domestic industries, market access conditions in international trade thus are a key determinant of the effectiveness of trade as a means of implementation.
The World Economic and Social Survey 2012 was launched today in New York. The need for additional and more predictable financing has led to a search for new sources – not as a substitute for aid, but as a complement to it. A number of innovative initiatives have been launched during the past decade, mainly to fund global health programmes aimed at providing immunizations, AIDS and tuberculosis treatments to millions of people in the developing world. WESS 2012 finds that while these initiatives have successfully used new methods to channel development financing to combat diseases, they have hardly yielded any additional funding on top of traditional development assistance.
Metrics of International Cooperation: from Official Development Assistance to...UNDP Policy Centre
Apresentação de Giorgio Gualberti, Analista de Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento da Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE), sobre "Metrics of International Cooperation: from Official Development Assistance to Total Official Support for Sustainable Development (TOSSD)", proferida no Seminário Cooperação Internacional: Financiamento para o Desenvolvimento, realizado em 12 e 13 de dezembro de 2018, em Brasília.
Dr Nagesh Kumar in Plenary Session 3 of Ninth South Asia Economic Summit (SAES) organised by Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD) on 15-16 October 2016 presented on "SDG Implementation Challenges in South Asia and Role of Global Partnerships". #SAES9 For further details visit: http://saes9.cpd.org.bd/
Policy Coherence for Development and the EU: A feasible model for development?
Challenges faced by European Member States
Dr. Damien Helly,
Deputy Head of Programme EU External Action
Camões, Lisbon
Thursday, 18 June 2015
Financing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in BangladeshMostafa Amir Sabbih
This digital artifact is prepared as per the third week final project submission requirement of 'Financing for Development: Billions to Trillions to Action' course.
This presentation offers a brief introduction to the recently adopted Sustainable Development Goals and the financial challenges in achieving them. It also provides a general overview of the different sources of finance for development – ODA, domestic resources and private finance – and ventures into the character of each of these options. The key message of the presentation is that whichever source of finance we choose from, they should be used in the most efficient and effective way possible. The presentation needs to be viewed as a slide show as it includes audio.
TRADING INTO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: TRADE, MARKET ACCESS AND THE SUSTAINABL...Ira Kristina Lumban Tobing
This report examines various interactions between trade policy, with a specific focus on market access conditions, and factors that constitute the basis for achieving sustainable development. Market access conditions vis-à- vis imports are determined by a combination of border measures and “behind the border” measures, both of which add costs to the price of an imported product. By generating significant impact upon consumer welfare and the competitiveness of domestic industries, market access conditions in international trade thus are a key determinant of the effectiveness of trade as a means of implementation.
The World Economic and Social Survey 2012 was launched today in New York. The need for additional and more predictable financing has led to a search for new sources – not as a substitute for aid, but as a complement to it. A number of innovative initiatives have been launched during the past decade, mainly to fund global health programmes aimed at providing immunizations, AIDS and tuberculosis treatments to millions of people in the developing world. WESS 2012 finds that while these initiatives have successfully used new methods to channel development financing to combat diseases, they have hardly yielded any additional funding on top of traditional development assistance.
Metrics of International Cooperation: from Official Development Assistance to...UNDP Policy Centre
Apresentação de Giorgio Gualberti, Analista de Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento da Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE), sobre "Metrics of International Cooperation: from Official Development Assistance to Total Official Support for Sustainable Development (TOSSD)", proferida no Seminário Cooperação Internacional: Financiamento para o Desenvolvimento, realizado em 12 e 13 de dezembro de 2018, em Brasília.
Dr Nagesh Kumar in Plenary Session 3 of Ninth South Asia Economic Summit (SAES) organised by Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD) on 15-16 October 2016 presented on "SDG Implementation Challenges in South Asia and Role of Global Partnerships". #SAES9 For further details visit: http://saes9.cpd.org.bd/
Policy Coherence for Development and the EU: A feasible model for development?
Challenges faced by European Member States
Dr. Damien Helly,
Deputy Head of Programme EU External Action
Camões, Lisbon
Thursday, 18 June 2015
Financing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in BangladeshMostafa Amir Sabbih
This digital artifact is prepared as per the third week final project submission requirement of 'Financing for Development: Billions to Trillions to Action' course.
This presentation offers a brief introduction to the recently adopted Sustainable Development Goals and the financial challenges in achieving them. It also provides a general overview of the different sources of finance for development – ODA, domestic resources and private finance – and ventures into the character of each of these options. The key message of the presentation is that whichever source of finance we choose from, they should be used in the most efficient and effective way possible. The presentation needs to be viewed as a slide show as it includes audio.
Presentation by Jan Vanheukelom and Anna Knoll on the findings of the European Report on Development 2013 at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Helsinki, 24 April 2013
The European Think Tanks Group published a major report addressed to the new leadership of the European Union entitled “Our Collective Interest: Why Europe’s Problems need Global Solutions and Global Problems need European Action”. The report puts forward recommendations for the EU’s engagement in 5 areas – trade and international finance; environmental sustainability; peace and security; democracy and human rights; and, poverty and inequality – and proposes organisational and structural changes to enhance the EU’s performance.
Least Developed Countries Report 2014 by UNCTAD United Nations
Presentation by David Woodward, Senior Adviser at UNCTAD. For the Release of the Least Developed Countries 2014 Report, on 27 November.
In its most recent flagship report, UNCTAD is proposing a post-2015 development agenda for the least developed countries (LDCs) to help them overcome current shortcomings in policy and the international economic system. Success, the report says, will depend on transforming their economies to complete a virtuous circle of economic and human development.
UNCTAD's Least Developed Countries Report 2014 – subtitled "Growth with Structural Transformation: a Post-2015 Development Agenda" – says that the international community must learn from the "LDC paradox" in which the poorest countries failed to meet the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) despite strong economic growth, and outlines a plan for the 48 LDCs based on this finding. The report highlights three key policy priorities as part of a post-2015 development agenda for LDCs: mobilizing resources for investment in such a way as to maximize their development impact; directing these resources towards economic activities which will contribute decisively to economic transformation; and establishing macroeconomic policies which promote investment and demand growth rather than inhibiting them. Diversifying rural economies will also be a key element of the transformation.
The OECD-Russia Technical Assistance Project on Financial Education in the Commonwealth and Independent States (CIS) was launched in Moscow on 29 June 2017. The project will provide policy and practical support for strengthening the financial literacy of citizens with a view to promoting their financial well-being. The six participating countries are Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan.
Find out more about the project at http://www.oecd.org/finance/financial-education-CIS.htm
Budgeting for societal goals: Putting it all together - Andrew BLAZEY, OECDOECD Governance
This presentation was made by Andrew BLAZEY, OECD, at the OECD-MENA meeting dedicated to Budgeting for Societal Outcomes: Gender, Youth and Sustainable Development Goals Budgeting, held in Caserta, Italy, on 18-19 July 2019
Similar to The Post-2015 Global Development Agenda and the EU (20)
Jeske van Seters
Head of Programme Private Sector Engagement
European Centre for Development Policy Management (ECDPM)
Brussels, 23 November 2017 – EBCAM General Assembly
Informal CODEV/COHAFA meeting
24-25 July 2017, Tallinn, Estonia
Volker Hauck/ ECDPM
(with thanks to UN-OCHA and Cell for Coordination and Liaison (CCL) for sharing slides)
Addressing the hunger-poverty nexus:
what policy coherence means for the 2030 Agenda
James Mackie, ECDPM
UN HLPF 2017 – Side Event: Finland, Netherlands, Switzerland, ECDPM & CFS
New York, 12 July 2017
Policy Coherence & the 2030 Agenda
Building on the PCD experience
James Mackie, Martin Ronceray & Eunike Spierings
EU PCD Focal Points meeting – Brussels, 22 February 2017
AU Permanent Mission in Brussels
Workshop - Assessing the Progress and Challenges in the Implementation of Addis Ababa Agenda for Action (AAAA)
Wednesday, 21 September, 2016
Luckystar Miyandazi & Faten Aggad
ECDPM
Francesco Rampa
Head of Food Security Programme, ECDPM
28 September 2016, Pre-conference workshop at the Annual German Agricultural Economics Conference (GEWISOLA) 2016.
2. • Some Propositions
• Post-2015 Agenda – process so far
• UN process on post-2015
• The Agenda
• EU interest in MDGs and now post-2015
• EU Development policy
• EU ODA levels
• EU positions for post-2015
• Moving beyond the MDGs
• Financing for Development
• Likely outcomes
Outline
Page 2
3. 1. Agreement on value of a global
development agenda
2. Yet there is core dilemma:
• Limitations of MDGs
• Scale & complexity of SDG agenda
1. Europe continues to support:
• Need for international development
• Willing to tackle global challenges
• Multilateral and collective approach
1. But Europeans also
• Unsure of wider international support
• Want to move on from North-South model
Some propositions
Page 3
4. • Extensive consultations at national level
• High-Level Panel Report – June 2013
• OWG – Proposals on SDGs – July 2014
• ICESDF – Report on finance – Aug 2014
• UNSG Synthesis Report, Nov 2014
• January 2015: negotiating process started
• UN processes
• Negotiating in Blocks: G77+China & EU
• EU engagement
• Various communications DEVCO+ENV
• European Reports on Development
• 2013 – Post-MDG agenda
• 2015 – Finance & development
Post-2015 process to date
Page 4
5. General agreement seems to exist on:
1.Sustainable development
• Social agenda not enough on its own
• All 3 pillars: social, economic & environmental
1.Transformative change
• Tackle causes not just symptoms
1.Universality
• MDGs were about development in South
• SDG agenda is about both North and South
Can this be sustained & will it work?
At this stage in process
Page 5
6. • UN High-Level Panel conclusions – June 2013
• Chairs: Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Susilo Bambang
Yudhoyono, David Cameron
• Proposed a universal agenda with five big
‘transformative shifts’:
1. Leave no-one behind
2. Put sustainable development at the core
3. Transform economies for jobs and inclusive
growth
4. Build peace & effective, open and accountable
institutions for all
5. Forge a new global partnership
Transformative agenda
Page 6
7. 1.End poverty
2.Achieve food security and improved nutrition
3.Ensure healthy lives and well-being
4.Inclusive and equitable education
5.Gender equality and empower women and girls
6.Availability of water & sanitation
7.Affordable, reliable & sustainable energy
8.Inclusive & sustainable growth
9.Resilient infrastructure, inclusive industrialisation
10.Reduce inequality within & among countries
11.Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient & sustainable
12.Sustainable consumption & production
13.Urgent action to combat climate change
14.Sustainable use of oceans, seas & marine resources
15.Sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems
16.Peaceful & inclusive societies, justice for all, inclusive
institutions
17.Strengthen finance, Means of Implementation, global
partnership & PCSD
Goa
…
EnvirEconomic,Social:MDG1-6
7
8. Drivers of changes in EU thinking since 2000
• Agreement on objectives – the MDGs
• Culmination of series of UN conferences in 1990s
• Scale – Monterrey Consensus – 2002
• Doubling of ODA levels by 2015
• Approach – how to improve results?
• Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness 2005, AAA, Busan
• Motivation – changing geo-political priorities
• Concern with security since 9/11
• New concerns with natural resources …
• New actors – China, India, Korea, Turkey…
• More recently other emerging issues:
• Growing proactiveness of partner countries …
• New thinking on poverty and on aid itself
• Post-2015 – move to International Cooperation? Page 8
9. EU Development Policy
• European Consensus on Development 2005
– Principles: ownership, partnership, dialogue, work
with variety of actors including CS and private sector
– Poverty focus, achieve MDGs, More Aid, Better Aid …
– Cross-cutting issues: gender, environment, Human
Rights, rights of children, indigenous peoples,
combating HIV/AIDS …
– Policy coherence for development (PCD)
– Joint EU action: coordination & complementarity
• Agenda for Change 2011
• Improve impact – concentrate on two priority areas: (i)
governance and (ii) inclusive growth
• Ensure best value for money – target resources,
withdraw from some countries, coordinated action and
PCD
Page 9
11. Performance against target: EU Member States
(EU Accountability Report, 2014)
targets. No Member State that has not yet reached its 2015 target expects to be able to do so on
time.
Figure 4.2.3b – Gap between 2015 targets and 2013 results 176
Page 11
14. • Built a joint EU position (EU+MS, Dev+Env)
• Committed to multilateral approach
New Global Partnership [COM, 4 Feb 2015]
should be based on:
• Shared responsibility, mutual accountability
& respective capacity
• Cover 3 pillars of sustainable development
• Universality principle accepted
• Support for 0.7% ODA/GNI target but wants
other parties to make commitments too
• Aid should be targeted and effectively used
• Good policy and PCD (policy coherence for
development) is vital
• Monitoring, accountability & review system
EU position on post-2015
Page 14
15. • European Reports on Development
• Independent reports based on research
• Financed by European Commission and some
member states
• ERD 2013: Post-2015: Global Action for an
Inclusive & Sustainable Future
• ERD 2015: Combining Finance & Policies for
a Transformative post-2015 Global
Development Agenda
• ERD 2015 to be launched on 4 May, Brussels
• All documents including background papers
and case studies on: www.erd-report.eu
The ERD
Page 15
16. • Unprecedented mobilisation of collective action
• Yet ownership of agenda very variable
• Pushed aid towards social sectors
• Poverty did go down, but aid not only reason
• Inequalities increased
• Both nationally and internationally
• Lack of emphasis on economic growth and
productive sectors
• Sustainability issues not tackled
• Global partnership
• Did not materialise in various areas (e.g. trade,
climate change, etc.)
• ODA target not met though levels did go up
ERD 2013 – Lessons from the
MDGs
Page 16
17. • Dramatic global fall in extreme poverty …
• Yet 1.2bn people still poor
• Measurement: need to use both international &
national poverty lines
• Inequality needs to become an explicit focus
• Reduce through: fiscal measures, social
protection policies …
• Group based inequalities – often very persistent
• Multidimensionality – look at wider range of
issues & cumulative effect
• Vulnerability – take a dynamic view
• Sustainability – Poor exposed most + think of
future generations
• Poor peoples’ own experience – well-being
approaches
Understanding poverty better
Page 17
19. • A transformative agenda - wider and
more structurally transformative approach
• National ownership is key - more careful
attention to how global goals relate to
national policy needs and targets
• Scale up global collective action on:
1. International finance, trade, migration and
climate change
2. Policy Coherence for Development
3. Continue to increase both level and
effectiveness of aid
ERD 2013 - Key Messages
Page 19
20. • Beyond MDGs:
• Sustainable development integrated agenda
•Start from enablers of transformative change
• Beyond Aid:
•Consider all forms of development finance and
means of implementation
•Policies for mobilisation and effective use of
finance
•Importance of PCD / PCSD – effect of other
policies on development
•Global collective action on a package of
international and national measures
Starting point for ERD 2015
Page 20
21. Consider policy and finance to enable a
transformative post-2015 agenda
Page 21
22. Consider all financial resources for
sustainable development
Trends in finance to developing countries
($ billion, 2011 prices), 2002–2011
Sources: (See report) IMF, OECD, WDI, etc.
22
24. Domestic private finance
International private finance
Domestic public finance
Domestic public finance
Domestic private finance
International private finance
Domestic public finance
International public finance
International public
finance
Level of income
Domestic private finance
International private finance
…typical evolution in dominant sources of finance sources:
Bangladesh 2000-2012 ($):
-GDP up by 150%
-Aid up by 75%
-Tax revenues up by 280%
Indonesia: oil revenues pre 1986.
After fall in oil price 1986:
-FDI in manufacturing / services
-From foreign to domestic debt
Source: ERD illustrations on Bangladesh, Ecuador, Indonesia, Mauritius, Moldova, and Tanzania
Page 24
25. ERD 2015 – Main Messages
1. There are many sources of finance which
tend to vary by level of income and type of
enabler
2. Policy matters: finance important but not
enough; essential to encourage appropriate
policies for effective use and mobilisation:
• Domestic policy and financial
frameworks for mobilising domestic
resources and facilitating their effective use
for sustainable development
• A conducive global policy environment
• International public finance to be used in
a more focused and catalytic manner
1. Need for a monitoring and accountability
framework to encourage appropriate action
Page 25
26. Applying the universality
principle
• Implies that goals and targets are
relevant to all governments and actors
• Three types of targets:
• Type I - Domestic development Outcomes
(e.g. eradicate poverty, reduce violence)
• Type II - Responsibilities to assist other
countries (e.g. ODA, specific ‘beyond aid’
policies)
• Type III - Responsibilities for supporting
progress towards global common goods
(fair international systems, sustainable
consumption/production, etc.)
• Universality implies differentiation
• What can each contribute?
Page 26
27. • ODA levels – further increases unlikely as
long as financial crisis continues
• Targeting of aid
• LDCs & fragile states
• Focus on catalytic use of ODA
• Revision of European Consensus in 2016?
• Integration of development policies with
other policies?
• One ‘global strategy’ with development
policy as one element?
• Universality – how far will EU go internally?
Impact of post-2015 on EU
Development policy
Page 27
28. • UN block system for negotiations not ideal
for building coalitions of the willing
• G77+China and the EU are probably key
• Complication of having separate tracks for
climate change and trade
• FFD Addis – will it move beyond ODA?
• What other commitments to expect?
• EU negotiators apparently feel
• Unhappy with sequencing of conferences:
Finance before agenda
• China playing a constructive role
• Africa also better organised, clearer than in
past & not just interested in ODA
The UN negotiations …
Page 28
29. • Threshold moment – but many potential
pitfalls …
• Will coalitions emerge?
• SDG agenda – necessary, but with so many
goals and targets unlikely to work like MDGs
• Monitoring and accountability is key
• FFD Addis – need a range of contributions
(finance and policies) on the table
• UNGA – will unity on the agenda seen in
2014 be maintained?
• COP21, Paris – will enough parties agree to
make commitments?
• EU committed but looking for friends
Conclusions
Page 29