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Todd Leahy, UMKC School of Law
Christina Alge, Michigan Department
             of Elections
   MISSION
       Encourage Indians to
        make pieces buyers
        want
       Educate potential
        buyers
   To promote economic
    welfare of the Indian
    tribes and Indian
    individuals through
    the development of
    Indian arts & crafts
   The rise of fakes
       One of the necklaces
        is fake the other real,
        can you tell the
        difference?
   “THOSE PERSONS ENROLLED IN OR
    CERTIFIED BY A FEDERAL OR STATE-
    RECOGNIZED INDIAN TRIBE.”
   $250,000 & 5 YEARS
   Native American Arts
    Inc v. Moon Raven Inc
    (1998)
   Native American Arts
    Inc v. Chico Arts Inc
    (1998)
   Native American Arts
    Inc v. JC Penney Co
    (1998)
   Trademark
    Registration
   Referral to FBI
   Indian Maid v. Indian
    Made
   Welcome to Zuni (this
    looks like the
    Philippines)
   What’s the purpose of
    all of this?
   JUDICIAL CRITERIA
     Ancestors lived on the
      continent before
      discovery
     Identified as an Indian
      in the community in
      which he/she lives
   Indian Civil Rights Act
    (1968)
   Missing from “tribe”
       Urban communities
       State recognized tribes
       Terminated tribes
FAKE?   REAL?
The need for reform in indian arts
The need for reform in indian arts
The need for reform in indian arts
The need for reform in indian arts

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The need for reform in indian arts

  • 1. Todd Leahy, UMKC School of Law Christina Alge, Michigan Department of Elections
  • 2. MISSION  Encourage Indians to make pieces buyers want  Educate potential buyers
  • 3. To promote economic welfare of the Indian tribes and Indian individuals through the development of Indian arts & crafts  The rise of fakes  One of the necklaces is fake the other real, can you tell the difference?
  • 4.
  • 5. “THOSE PERSONS ENROLLED IN OR CERTIFIED BY A FEDERAL OR STATE- RECOGNIZED INDIAN TRIBE.”
  • 6. $250,000 & 5 YEARS  Native American Arts Inc v. Moon Raven Inc (1998)  Native American Arts Inc v. Chico Arts Inc (1998)  Native American Arts Inc v. JC Penney Co (1998)
  • 7. Trademark Registration  Referral to FBI
  • 8. Indian Maid v. Indian Made  Welcome to Zuni (this looks like the Philippines)  What’s the purpose of all of this?
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11. JUDICIAL CRITERIA  Ancestors lived on the continent before discovery  Identified as an Indian in the community in which he/she lives  Indian Civil Rights Act (1968)  Missing from “tribe”  Urban communities  State recognized tribes  Terminated tribes
  • 12. FAKE? REAL?